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Book Chapter

Modelling of sediment wedge movement along low-angle detachments using ABAQUS™ Available to Purchase

Author(s)
A. Tuitt, R. King, T. Hergert, M. Tingay, R. Hillis
Book: Faulting, Fracturing and Igneous Intrusion in the Earth’s Crust
Series: Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 01 January 2012
DOI: 10.1144/SP367.12
EISBN: 9781862396159
... of these conditions using ABAQUS™ improves our understanding of the nature and mechanics of DDWFTBs and their underlying detachments. Delta–deepwater fold–thrust belts (DDWFTBs; Fig. 1 ) are located on many passive continental margins and are characterized by an extensional zone coupled to downslope contraction...
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Abstract
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Abstract Delta–deepwater fold–thrust belts (DDWFTBs) develop over low-angle detachment faults which link extension to downslope contraction. Detachment faults have been examined in previous studies for the Amazon Fan, Niger, Nile, Angola, Baram and Bight Basin DDWFTBs. The driving mechanisms for the movement along the detachment remain uncertain, however. Previous authors have attributed the movement along detachment faults to high pore-fluid pressure, which reduces the effective normal stress acting on a fault surface thereby encouraging sliding along the fault. However, high pore-fluid pressure has not been directly confirmed in many of these faults due to a lack of well data in detachment surfaces. In this study, finite element modelling was used to test the effects of pore-fluid pressure, coefficient of friction, sediment rigidity and sediment wedge angle on sliding along the detachment. The modelling suggests that increased pore-fluid pressures and decreased coefficients of friction increase slip along a detachment. At hydrostatic pore-fluid pressures, sediment rigidity and sediment wedge angle have relatively little effect on the movement of the sediment wedge along the detachment. Modelling of these conditions using ABAQUS™ improves our understanding of the nature and mechanics of DDWFTBs and their underlying detachments.

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ABAQUS/implicit (ABAQUS, 2004) numerical model used to measure the fractured shear modulus of a torsional beam with a circular cross section. (a) Shows the schematic representation of the geometry and boundary conditions (equations D-1–D-7) used to perform numerical calculations. (b) The mesh discretization of the finite-element model. (c) The fractured shear modulus for a sample with the dimensions and properties of the PMMA sample. The numerical results (red stars) roughly follow an exponential relationship (equation 2). The model was fit to the measurements of the fractured PMMA (blue circles). (d) Numerical results for the model with dimensions and material properties of Duperow dolomite (red stars) and measurements of dolomite (magenta circles). The equations for the exponential fits to the experimental data are in Figure 13.

ABAQUS/implicit (ABAQUS, 2004) numerical model used to measure the fracture... Open Access

Published: 16 February 2017
Figure 12. ABAQUS/implicit (ABAQUS, 2004) numerical model used to measure the fractured shear modulus of a torsional beam with a circular cross section. (a) Shows the schematic representation of the geometry and boundary conditions (equations  D-1 – D-7 ) used to perform numerical calculations
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Poroelastic model constructed in Abaqus, with the embedded details demonstrated as follows: the blue lines represent HF planes 1–4, representing the active vertical cohesive layers over which an HF can propagate; the solid yellow and red lines represent the fault core and damage zone associated with the normal fault in scenarios 1, 2, and 5–9, where the fault can be intersected by an HF at the overlying layer; the dashed yellow and red lines equivalent to the solid yellow and red lines shifted toward the east by 100 m represent the fault core and damage zone associated with the normal fault in scenarios 3 and 4, where the fault can be intersected by an HF at the underlying layer; and the shadowed XZ symmetry plane represents the plane intersecting the horizontal well. The fault core is modeled by a cohesive layer, and the fault damage zone is modeled by poroelastic elements twice as permeable as the protolithic rock layer. In all cases, the fault dips 60° toward the west and strikes north–south. Here, SH,max(z) is the maximum horizontal stress as a function of depth in the north–south direction, Sh,min(z) is the minimum horizontal stress as a function of depth in the east–west direction, and Svert is the overburden stress in the depth direction.

Poroelastic model constructed in Abaqus, with the embedded details demonstr... Open Access

Published: 23 May 2024
Figure 2. Poroelastic model constructed in Abaqus, with the embedded details demonstrated as follows: the blue lines represent HF planes 1–4, representing the active vertical cohesive layers over which an HF can propagate; the solid yellow and red lines represent the fault core and damage zone
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Illustration of the UMAT-Interface inside ABAQUS™/Standard with courtesy of CAE Assistant Group (2023).

Illustration of the UMAT-Interface inside ABAQUS™/Standard with courtesy of... Available to Purchase

Published: 25 January 2024
Fig. 1. Illustration of the UMAT-Interface inside ABAQUS™/Standard with courtesy of CAE Assistant Group (2023) .
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Model of target soil-rock-mixture bare slope established in ABAQUS.

Model of target soil-rock-mixture bare slope established in ABAQUS. Open Access

Published: 14 May 2022
Figure 7 Model of target soil-rock-mixture bare slope established in ABAQUS.
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The ABAQUS slope model after revetment.

The ABAQUS slope model after revetment. Open Access

Published: 14 May 2022
Figure 25 The ABAQUS slope model after revetment.
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Comparison between dEDFM and Abaqus: (a) fracture length with time; (b) fracture state at 150 s (dEDFM); (c) fracture state at 150 s (Abaqus); (d) fracture state at 300 s (dEDFM); (e) fracture state at 300 s (Abaqus).

Comparison between dEDFM and Abaqus: (a) fracture length with time; (b) fra... Open Access

Published: 25 January 2022
Figure 5 Comparison between dEDFM and Abaqus: (a) fracture length with time; (b) fracture state at 150 s (dEDFM); (c) fracture state at 150 s (Abaqus); (d) fracture state at 300 s (dEDFM); (e) fracture state at 300 s (Abaqus).
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ABAQUS models of the 500-kV transformers: (a) in-service; (b) stiffened.

ABAQUS models of the 500-kV transformers: (a) in-service; (b) stiffened. Available to Purchase

Published: 01 February 2018
Figure 16. ABAQUS models of the 500-kV transformers: (a) in-service; (b) stiffened.
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Abaqus model built for static stress distribution modeling. The models are full 3D copies of the experimental setups. The figure shows half of the models cut by the vertical plane along the main axis. PEEK pistons are green; tested samples are gray. The areas with applied boundary conditions are highlighted with red. Satop — area, where axial stress Paxial is applied; Sr — area, where radial stress Pradial is applied; and Sabot — fixed area, where the motion of particles in the vertical direction is restricted simulating rigid surface underneath the setup. All dimensions are shown in millimeters. (a) The setup with a standard sample, (b) the setup with a thin sample, and (c) hexahedral meshing of the models.

Abaqus model built for static stress distribution modeling. The models are ... Available to Purchase

Published: 28 December 2017
Figure 5. Abaqus model built for static stress distribution modeling. The models are full 3D copies of the experimental setups. The figure shows half of the models cut by the vertical plane along the main axis. PEEK pistons are green; tested samples are gray. The areas with applied boundary
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ABAQUS FEM of the Monument: (a) 3D view (b) vertical section (c) horizontal view from the top.

ABAQUS FEM of the Monument: (a) 3D view (b) vertical section (c) horizontal... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2016
Figure 5. ABAQUS FEM of the Monument: (a) 3D view (b) vertical section (c) horizontal view from the top.
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The comparisons of the displacements computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) X‐component (left), Y‐component (middle), and Z‐component (right) displacements of point 2 with von Mises criterion; (b) X‐component (left), Y‐component (middle), and Z‐component (right) displacements of point 2 with Drucker–Prager criterion.The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

The comparisons of the displacements computed with ABAQUS and extended SPEC... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 April 2016
Figure 5. The comparisons of the displacements computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) X‐component (left), Y‐component (middle), and Z‐component (right) displacements of point 2 with von Mises criterion; (b) X‐component (left), Y‐component (middle), and Z‐component (right) displacements
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The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) gives the Mises stress comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) computed with von Mises criterion; (b) gives the value comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) with Drcuker–Prager criterion.The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. ... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 April 2016
Figure 4. The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) gives the Mises stress comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) computed with von Mises criterion; (b) gives the value comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle
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The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) gives the Mises stress comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) computed with von Mises criterion; (b) gives the value comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) with Drcuker–Prager criterion.The color version of this figure is available only in the electronic edition.

The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. ... Available to Purchase

Published: 12 April 2016
Figure 4. The comparisons of the stress computed with ABAQUS and extended SPECFEM3D. (a) gives the Mises stress comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle), and point 3 (right) computed with von Mises criterion; (b) gives the value comparisons of point 1 (left), point 2 (middle
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Concrete damage plasticity model in Abaqus/Explicit, response under (a) tension and (b) compression (modified from Wawrzynek and Cincio 2005).

Concrete damage plasticity model in Abaqus/Explicit, response under (a) ten... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2014
Figure 3. Concrete damage plasticity model in Abaqus/Explicit, response under (a) tension and (b) compression (modified from Wawrzynek and Cincio 2005 ).
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Yield surface for the state of plane stress (modified from Abaqus 6.9 SIMULIA 2009).

Yield surface for the state of plane stress (modified from Abaqus 6.9 SIMU... Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2014
Figure 4. Yield surface for the state of plane stress (modified from Abaqus 6.9 SIMULIA 2009 ).
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A 2D numerical model built in ABAQUS for the asperity angle of 6.84°. The total number of elements is 301,777. A finer mesh resolution is used near the fracture interface to reduce numerical error. Contact interface is also defined to avoid interpenetration of elements along the fracture interface during shear or normal loadings. The magnified blue section shows the modeling of hackles in the numerical software.

A 2D numerical model built in ABAQUS for the asperity angle of 6.84°. The t... Available to Purchase

Published: 23 May 2014
Figure 3. A 2D numerical model built in ABAQUS for the asperity angle of 6.84°. The total number of elements is 301,777. A finer mesh resolution is used near the fracture interface to reduce numerical error. Contact interface is also defined to avoid interpenetration of elements along
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Poroelastic input parameters in Abaqus. Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2012
Table 1 Poroelastic input parameters in Abaqus.
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Poroelastic input parameters of “Indiana limestone” as used in Abaqus. Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2012
Table 3 Poroelastic input parameters of “Indiana limestone” as used in Abaqus.
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Poroelastic input parameters of “Berea sandstone” as used in Abaqus. Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2012
Table 5 Poroelastic input parameters of “Berea sandstone” as used in Abaqus.
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Comparison between test and ABAQUS results.

Comparison between test and ABAQUS results. Available to Purchase

Published: 01 November 2010
Figure 13. Comparison between test and ABAQUS results.