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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Europe
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Alps
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Central Alps
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Glarus Alps (4)
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Prealps (1)
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Central Europe
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Molasse Basin (1)
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Switzerland
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Jura Mountains (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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California (1)
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elements, isotopes
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isotope ratios (2)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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metals
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Primary terms
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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upper Miocene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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Annot Sandstone (1)
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upper Tertiary (1)
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clay mineralogy (1)
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data processing (1)
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deformation (2)
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diagenesis (2)
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Europe
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Alps
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Central Alps
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Glarus Alps (4)
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-
Prealps (1)
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Central Europe
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Molasse Basin (1)
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Switzerland
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Glarus Alps (4)
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Glarus Switzerland (2)
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Swiss Alps (1)
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Jura Mountains (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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faults (4)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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Mesozoic
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Jurassic
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Middle Jurassic (1)
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Opalinus Clay (1)
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Triassic
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Upper Triassic
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Keuper (1)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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strontium
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oxygen
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sedimentary rocks
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sediments
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Tracing wedge-internal deformation by means of strontium isotope systematics of vein carbonates
Abstract A detailed analysis of the Late Miocene Mandach Thrust, a key tectonic structure of the easternmost Jura Mountains (northern Alpine foreland), is presented providing insights into the modes of along-strike structural cover–basement interactions in a classical foreland setting. Our study builds on the construction, restoration and forward modelling of eight closely spaced cross-sections constrained by depth-migrated 2D seismics and geological maps. The results indicate predominantly thin-skinned thrust tectonics without significant inversion of underlying basement structures. However, inherited pre-thrusting normal faults exerted a strong control on the observed thrusting style, changing along-strike from a comparatively simple geometry to a complex, partly overthrust, partly reactivated normal fault. The observed variations relate to changes in the relief of the mechanical basement and the characteristics of pre-thrusting normal faults. The thrust's complexity is further increased by the local activation of secondary detachment horizons and possibly along-strike sedimentary facies changes within the thrust-faulted sedimentary sequence. The variations in thrusting style go along with subtle changes in shortening that may point towards as yet undetected transfer structures. As such, our structural analysis of the Mandach Thrust provides an improved understanding of the fault's kinematics and serves to highlight existing exploration uncertainties.
Abstract Due to their particularly good mechanical and self-healing properties combined with exceptionally efficient cation adsorbents and exchanger capacities, clay minerals and clay rock formations are considered as suitable geological barriers for radioactive waste disposal. The Middle Jurassic Opalinus Clay Formation has been identified as a potential host rock. Logging data were measured at the Benken borehole drilled through this formation in northern Switzerland. This paper presents a statistical methodology to improve the description of the physical properties of the clay rock based on the well-log data. The methodology involves the classification of a set of local statistics, calculated from a reduced number of principal components computed from well-log properties. The use of a kernel-based method to calculate local statistics allows an analysis of spatial variability to be carried out at different scales, and with different scale effects. The first-order layering was found to be robust and independent of kernel size (i.e. observation scale), while preserving small-scale heterogeneities that are useful for further interpretation. The log units can be more clearly interpreted in terms of stationary or transitional log units, depending on the behaviour of local statistics. Finally, the derived spatial variability of the log-units properties are compared with earlier lithological descriptions and stratigraphic data. Supplementary material: A spreadsheet summary with the determination of clustering parameters for a kernel size of 3 m is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4315991