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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Afar (1)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (1)
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Djibouti (1)
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Eritrea (1)
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Ethiopia (3)
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Sudan (7)
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East African Rift (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (1)
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Egypt
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Sinai Egypt (1)
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Libya (2)
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Morocco
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Bou Azzer (1)
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Tunisia (2)
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Nubian Shield (6)
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Southern Africa
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Karoo Basin (1)
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South Africa (2)
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West Africa
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Mali (3)
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Nigeria
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Niger Delta (1)
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West African Craton (1)
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America (1)
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Arctic region
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (29)
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Bahrain (6)
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Kuwait (13)
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Oman
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Oman Mountains (1)
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Qatar (9)
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Rub' al Khali (3)
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Saudi Arabia
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Ghawar Field (2)
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Hejaz Saudi Arabia
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Jeddah Saudi Arabia (1)
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Riyadh Saudi Arabia (2)
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United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (6)
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Dubai (1)
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Sharjah (1)
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Umm al-Qaiwain (1)
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Yemen (8)
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Far East
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China (3)
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Indian Peninsula
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Middle East
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Iran
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Iraq (14)
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Zagros (6)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Australasia
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Canada
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Russian Federation
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Eastern Hemisphere (1)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Majorca (1)
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Italy
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Western Europe
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Indian Ocean
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Mediterranean region
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Mediterranean Sea
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Mexico
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North America
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Oceania
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Polynesia
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Red Sea region (9)
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South America
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United States
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mineral exploration (7)
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oil and gas fields (37)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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water resources (2)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (5)
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organic carbon (2)
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halogens
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chlorine
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-
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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deuterium (1)
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isotope ratios (6)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (5)
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D/H (1)
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deuterium (1)
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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S-34/S-32 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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metals
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actinides
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alkali metals
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potassium (2)
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sodium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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calcium (1)
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magnesium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (5)
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aluminum (1)
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gold (1)
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hafnium (1)
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iron
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ferric iron (2)
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ferrous iron (2)
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platinum group
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palladium (1)
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platinum (1)
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rare earths
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europium (1)
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yttrium (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (3)
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sulfur
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S-34/S-32 (1)
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fossils
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borings (1)
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burrows (3)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Primates
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Hominidae
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Homo
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Homo erectus (1)
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Homo sapiens
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Homo sapiens neanderthalensis (1)
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Homo sapiens sapiens (1)
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cyanobacteria (1)
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Graptolithina
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Graptoloidea (1)
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Hemichordata (1)
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ichnofossils
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Cruziana (1)
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Glossifungites (2)
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Ophiomorpha (1)
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Rhizocorallium (1)
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Skolithos (1)
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Thalassinoides (2)
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Zoophycos (1)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Ostracoda (6)
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Brachiopoda (7)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa
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Zoantharia
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Scleractinia (1)
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-
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Echinodermata
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Echinozoa
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Echinoidea (1)
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-
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Heterodonta
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Rudistae (2)
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (6)
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Nautiloidea (5)
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Gastropoda
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Naticidae (1)
-
-
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Porifera
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Demospongea (1)
-
Stromatoporoidea (1)
-
-
Protista
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Foraminifera
-
Fusulinina
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Fusulinidae (2)
-
-
Rotaliina
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Lagenidae (1)
-
Rotaliacea (1)
-
-
Textulariina
-
Lituolacea
-
Orbitolinidae
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Orbitolina (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Vermes
-
Annelida (1)
-
-
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (2)
-
Conodonta (2)
-
Fusulinina
-
Fusulinidae (2)
-
-
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (4)
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Chitinozoa (2)
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Dinoflagellata (2)
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miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
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algae
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Chlorophyta
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Chlorophyceae
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Dasycladaceae (1)
-
-
-
Coccolithophoraceae (1)
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nannofossils (1)
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Rhodophyta
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Gymnocodiaceae (1)
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils (1)
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Pterobranchia (1)
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thallophytes (4)
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geochronology methods
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Ar/Ar (1)
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K/Ar (1)
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optical dating (1)
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optically stimulated luminescence (2)
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paleomagnetism (3)
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Pb/Pb (2)
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Rb/Sr (4)
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Sm/Nd (1)
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thermoluminescence (1)
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U/Pb (5)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Pleistocene
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upper Pleistocene (1)
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upper Quaternary (1)
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Stone Age (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (3)
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Pliocene (2)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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Dammam Formation (3)
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lower Eocene (1)
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middle Eocene
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Lutetian (1)
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upper Eocene (1)
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-
lower Paleogene (1)
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Oligocene (2)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene (2)
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-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous
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Albian (4)
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Aptian
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Shuaiba Formation (2)
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Berriasian (1)
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Thamama Group (4)
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Valanginian (1)
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Middle Cretaceous (3)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Cenomanian (1)
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Coniacian (1)
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Duwi Formation (1)
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Ferron Sandstone Member (1)
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Maestrichtian (4)
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Senonian (5)
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Turonian (5)
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-
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Pliensbachian (1)
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Toarcian (2)
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upper Liassic (2)
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Middle Jurassic
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Bathonian (3)
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Callovian (6)
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Upper Jurassic
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Arab Formation (18)
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Hanifa Formation (15)
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Kimmeridgian
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lower Kimmeridgian (1)
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Oxfordian (9)
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Smackover Formation (1)
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Tithonian (1)
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-
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Upper Triassic
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Carnian (1)
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Norian (1)
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Rhaetian (1)
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Sag River Sandstone (1)
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-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
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Lower Cambrian (1)
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Carboniferous
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Mississippian
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Upper Mississippian
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Meramecian
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Sainte Genevieve Limestone (1)
-
-
-
-
Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian
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Morrowan (1)
-
-
-
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Devonian
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Upper Devonian
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Nisku Formation (1)
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Palliser Formation (1)
-
-
-
Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician (1)
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Middle Ordovician
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Llanvirnian (1)
-
-
Trenton Group (1)
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Upper Ordovician
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Red River Formation (1)
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Trentonian (1)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Gharif Formation (1)
-
Guadalupian
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Capitanian (1)
-
-
Khuff Formation (25)
-
Lower Permian
-
Al Khlata Formation (1)
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Cisuralian (1)
-
-
Middle Permian (3)
-
Unayzah Formation (25)
-
Upper Permian
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Kazanian (1)
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Lopingian (1)
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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Tatarian (1)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Aeronian (1)
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Telychian (1)
-
-
Qalibah Formation (4)
-
-
Upper Silurian
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Salina Group (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic (4)
-
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Phanerozoic (4)
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Precambrian
-
upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Algonkian
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Baraboo Quartzite (1)
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Mesoproterozoic (1)
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Neoproterozoic
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Ediacaran (1)
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Vendian (1)
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Paleoproterozoic (1)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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feldspathoid rocks (1)
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plutonic rocks
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diorites (1)
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granites
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alkali granites (1)
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monzogranite (1)
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granodiorites (1)
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syenites
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nepheline syenite (1)
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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spinel lherzolite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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andesites
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boninite (1)
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basalts (2)
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benmoreite (1)
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dacites (1)
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komatiite (1)
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phonolites (1)
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rhyolites (1)
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trachytes (2)
-
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-
ophiolite (9)
-
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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gneisses (1)
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listwanite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (2)
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schists (2)
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ophiolite (9)
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turbidite (2)
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-
minerals
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carbonates
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aragonite (1)
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calcite (2)
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dolomite (2)
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-
minerals (3)
-
oxides
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hydroxides (1)
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spinel (1)
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titanomagnetite (1)
-
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silicates
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borosilicates (1)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
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hornblende (1)
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kaersutite (1)
-
-
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
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augite (1)
-
diopside (1)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene (2)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
plagioclase (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (6)
-
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
tourmaline group (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (1)
-
smectite (1)
-
-
illite (1)
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
-
palygorskite (3)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (2)
-
gypsum (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (12)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (1)
-
Djibouti (1)
-
Eritrea (1)
-
Ethiopia (3)
-
Sudan (7)
-
-
East African Rift (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Egypt
-
Sinai Egypt (1)
-
-
Libya (2)
-
Morocco
-
Bou Azzer (1)
-
-
Tunisia (2)
-
-
Nubian Shield (6)
-
Southern Africa
-
Karoo Basin (1)
-
South Africa (2)
-
-
West Africa
-
Mali (3)
-
Nigeria
-
Niger Delta (1)
-
-
-
West African Craton (1)
-
-
Antarctica (1)
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Ilimaussaq (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (29)
-
Bahrain (6)
-
Kuwait (13)
-
Oman
-
Oman Mountains (1)
-
-
Qatar (9)
-
Rub' al Khali (3)
-
Saudi Arabia
-
Ghawar Field (2)
-
Hejaz Saudi Arabia
-
Jeddah Saudi Arabia (1)
-
-
Riyadh Saudi Arabia (2)
-
-
United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (6)
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Dubai (1)
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Sharjah (1)
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Umm al-Qaiwain (1)
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Yemen (8)
-
-
Far East
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China (3)
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Mongolia (1)
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Thailand (1)
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-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (3)
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Pakistan
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Punjab Pakistan
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Salt Range (1)
-
-
-
-
Middle East
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Cyprus (3)
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Dead Sea Rift (1)
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Iran
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Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (1)
-
-
Iraq (14)
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Israel (3)
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Jordan (8)
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Lebanon (3)
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Syria (8)
-
Turkey
-
Anatolia (1)
-
Taurus Mountains (1)
-
-
Zagros (6)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
North Sea
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Shetland Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Queensland Australia (2)
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Western Australia
-
Collie Basin (1)
-
-
-
-
bauxite deposits (1)
-
bibliography (1)
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biogeography (7)
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bitumens (2)
-
brines (1)
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (5)
-
organic carbon (2)
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Journal Article
On-demand high-resolution areal scouting via unmanned aerial vehicles enables sustainable near-surface geoscience data acquisition
Journal: The Leading Edge
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 01 August 2024
The Leading Edge (2024) 43 (8): 494–505.
Journal Article
Hydrological phenomena related to elevation head on the Arabian Plate
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 27 June 2024
GSA Bulletin (2025) 137 (1-2): 67–81.
Journal Article
Carbonate mounds formed by mud volcanism at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, Saudi Arabia
Journal: Interpretation
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 13 May 2024
Interpretation (2024) 12 (3): C1–C17.
Journal Article
Anelastic Tomography of the Arabian Plate
Publisher: Seismological Society of America
Published: 03 May 2024
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2024) 114 (3): 1347–1364.
Journal Article
Fluid characterization of oil and gas fields: implications for fault and top seal integrity assessment
Journal: Petroleum Geoscience
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Published: 20 March 2024
Petroleum Geoscience (2024) 30 (2): petgeo2023-068.
Journal Article
3D geophysical image translated into photorealistic virtual outcrop geology using generative adversarial networks
Journal: The Leading Edge
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 01 February 2024
The Leading Edge (2024) 43 (2): 102–116.
Journal Article
Lithospheric Structure and Extensional Style of the Red Sea Rift Segments
Journal: Lithosphere
Publisher: GSW
Published: 30 October 2023
Lithosphere (2023) 2023 (1): lithosphere_2023_110.
Includes: Supplemental Content
Journal Article
Numerical modeling of microfracturing and primary hydrocarbon expulsion in the Jurassic Lower Tuwaiq Mountain Shale: A conceptual framework
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 July 2023
AAPG Bulletin (2023) 107 (7): 1059–1089.
Journal Article
Elastic vertically transversely isotropic full-waveform inversion: From synthetic to field data
Journal: Geophysics
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 08 May 2023
Geophysics (2023) 88 (3): R385–R405.
Journal Article
Shale brittleness prediction using machine learning—A Middle East basin case study
Ayyaz Mustafa, Zeeshan Tariq, Abdulazeez Abdulraheem, Mohamed Mahmoud, Shams Kalam, Rizwan Ahmed Khan
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 November 2022
AAPG Bulletin (2022) 106 (11): 2275–2296.