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Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
-
Afar (38)
-
Blue Nile (3)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
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Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Burundi (1)
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Central African Republic (2)
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Congo (4)
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Congo Democratic Republic (4)
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Gabon (3)
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Lake Kivu (1)
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Rwanda (1)
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Congo Craton (1)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (39)
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Djibouti (46)
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Eritrea
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Dahlak Islands (1)
-
-
Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (3)
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Hadar (5)
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Omo Valley (1)
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Tigray Ethiopia (3)
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Wallo Ethiopia (2)
-
-
Ethiopian Rift (16)
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Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (2)
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Lake Malawi (1)
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Lake Turkana (1)
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Malawi (4)
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Mozambique (4)
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Somali Republic (4)
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Sudan (35)
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Tanzania
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Olduvai Gorge (2)
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Uganda (4)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Kivu (1)
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Lake Malawi (1)
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East African Rift (13)
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Gregory Rift (1)
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Madagascar (2)
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Mozambique Belt (2)
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Nile River (13)
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Nile Valley (5)
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North Africa
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Algeria (4)
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Egypt
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Alexandria Egypt (1)
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Eastern Desert (40)
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Kosseir Egypt (4)
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Middle Nile Valley (1)
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Nile Delta (5)
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Sinai Egypt (20)
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Zabargad Island (3)
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Libya (2)
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Morocco
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Rif (1)
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Tunisia (2)
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Nubia (2)
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Nubian Shield (60)
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Red Sea Hills (7)
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Sahara (4)
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Southern Africa
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Lesotho (2)
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Namibia (1)
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South Africa (5)
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Zimbabwe (1)
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Tibesti Massif (1)
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West Africa
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Benin (3)
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Cameroon (3)
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Chad (1)
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Gambia (1)
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Ghana (4)
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Guinea (1)
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Ivory Coast (3)
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Liberia (2)
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Mali (1)
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Mauritania (2)
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Niger (1)
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Nigeria
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Jos Plateau (1)
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Sierra Leone (1)
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Togo (1)
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Antarctica (2)
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Arctic Ocean
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Norwegian Sea (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland (1)
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Jan Mayen (1)
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Asal Rift (18)
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (62)
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Oman (2)
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Saudi Arabia
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Ghawar Field (1)
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Hail Saudi Arabia (2)
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Hejaz Saudi Arabia
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Jeddah Saudi Arabia (7)
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United Arab Emirates (1)
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Yemen (7)
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Central Asia
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Aral Sea (1)
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Pamirs (1)
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Indonesia
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Sumatra (1)
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Japan
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Honshu
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Iwate Japan
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Kakkonda Field (1)
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Onikobe Field (1)
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Ryukyu Islands
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Okinawa (1)
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Philippine Islands (2)
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Himalayas (1)
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Hindu Kush (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Bhutan (1)
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India (2)
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Middle East
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Cyprus (1)
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Dead Sea (4)
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Dead Sea Rift (10)
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Iran (2)
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Israel
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Negev (8)
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Timna (2)
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Jordan (19)
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Syria (3)
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Turkey
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Anatolia (2)
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Taurus Mountains (1)
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Wadi Araba (3)
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Zagros (1)
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Kuril Islands (1)
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Southeast Asia (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge (4)
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North Atlantic
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Caribbean Sea (1)
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Gulf of Mexico (3)
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North Sea (1)
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Northeast Atlantic (1)
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Reykjanes Ridge (1)
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South Atlantic (4)
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Azores (1)
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Bermuda (1)
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Australasia
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Australia
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South Australia
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Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
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New Zealand
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Wairakei (1)
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Papua New Guinea (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Ontario
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Western Canada
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British Columbia (1)
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Caribbean region
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Commonwealth of Independent States
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Kazakhstan (1)
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Russian Federation
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Lovozero Massif (1)
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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developing countries (1)
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Discovery Deep (1)
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Europe
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Alps (1)
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Carpathians
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Vrancea seismic zone (1)
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Central Europe
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Black Forest (1)
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Czech Republic
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Moravia (1)
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Germany (1)
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Danube Delta (1)
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Kola Peninsula (1)
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Lovozero Massif (1)
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Southern Europe
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Balkan Mountains (1)
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Bulgaria (1)
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Greece
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Crete (1)
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Iberian Peninsula
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Portugal (1)
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Spain (1)
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Ionian Zone (1)
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Italy
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Apennines
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Northern Apennines (1)
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Marches Italy (1)
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Sardinia Italy (1)
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Tuscany Italy
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Larderello (1)
-
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Umbria Italy (1)
-
-
Romania
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Vrancea seismic zone (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
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Bouches-du-Rhone France
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Rhone Delta (1)
-
-
Corsica (1)
-
-
Iceland (7)
-
Scandinavia
-
Sweden
-
Smaland (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Grand Banks (1)
-
Great Rift Valley (1)
-
Indian Ocean
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Andaman Sea (1)
-
Arabian Sea
-
Gulf of Aden
-
Gulf of Tadjoura (7)
-
-
Persian Gulf (5)
-
-
Bay of Bengal (2)
-
Carlsberg Ridge (2)
-
Mid-Indian Ridge
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Southeast Indian Ridge (1)
-
-
Red Sea
-
Atlantis II Deep (14)
-
Gulf of Aqaba (45)
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Gulf of Suez (11)
-
Red Sea Rift (12)
-
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
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Kerguelen Islands (1)
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Madagascar (2)
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Mascarene Islands
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Reunion (2)
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Mauritius (1)
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Seychelles (1)
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Jordan Valley (1)
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Lake Victoria (1)
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Makran (1)
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Malay Archipelago
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New Guinea (1)
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Mediterranean region (5)
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Mediterranean Sea
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East Mediterranean
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Aegean Sea (2)
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Black Sea (1)
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Ionian Sea
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Gulf of Corinth (1)
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-
-
West Mediterranean
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Alboran Sea (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
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Baja California (1)
-
Puebla Mexico
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Los Humeros (1)
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Sonora Mexico (1)
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-
North America
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Canadian Shield (1)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
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North American Cordillera
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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-
-
North Island (1)
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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Oceania
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Polynesia
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French Polynesia
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Marquesas Islands (1)
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-
-
-
Pacific Ocean
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Central Pacific (1)
-
East Pacific
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East Pacific Rise (2)
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Galapagos Rift (1)
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Northeast Pacific
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Gulf of California (2)
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Juan de Fuca Ridge (2)
-
-
Southeast Pacific
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Chile Ridge (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of California (2)
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Juan de Fuca Ridge (2)
-
-
-
South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific
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Chile Ridge (1)
-
-
-
-
Pacific region
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Circum-Pacific region (1)
-
-
Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (1)
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Red Sea Basin (2)
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Red Sea region (36)
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Saint John Island (1)
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Sinai (15)
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Solar Lake (1)
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South America
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Brazil (2)
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Chile (1)
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Colombia (1)
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Peru (1)
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Venezuela (2)
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Strait of Gibraltar (1)
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United States
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Atlantic Coastal Plain (1)
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California
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Humboldt County California (1)
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Salton Sea (1)
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Salton Trough (1)
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Colorado (1)
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Delaware Basin (1)
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Florida (2)
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Idaho (1)
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New Hampshire (2)
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New York
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Oregon (1)
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Texas (2)
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Utah (1)
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Washington (1)
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Wyoming (1)
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Wyoming Province (1)
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Yellowstone National Park (1)
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USSR (1)
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Western Desert (1)
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Woodlark Basin (2)
-
-
commodities
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brines (9)
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ceramic materials (2)
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clay deposits (1)
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construction materials
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building stone (1)
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energy sources (3)
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gems (2)
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geothermal energy (2)
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industrial minerals (1)
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kaolin deposits (1)
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magnesite deposits (1)
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metal ores
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base metals (2)
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chromite ores (1)
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copper ores (7)
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gold ores (9)
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IOCG deposits (1)
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iron ores (2)
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lead ores (1)
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nickel ores (2)
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palladium ores (1)
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platinum ores (3)
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polymetallic ores (3)
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rare earth deposits (2)
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silver ores (2)
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tin ores (2)
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tungsten ores (1)
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zinc ores (2)
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mineral deposits, genesis (34)
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mineral exploration (12)
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mineral resources (2)
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nonmetal deposits (1)
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oil and gas fields (5)
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petroleum
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phosphate deposits (1)
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placers (1)
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potash (3)
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talc deposits (1)
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water resources (3)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (25)
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C-14 (10)
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organic carbon (1)
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chemical ratios (9)
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halogens
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chlorine
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chloride ion (1)
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Cl-36 (3)
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hydrogen
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tritium (1)
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incompatible elements (1)
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isotope ratios (49)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Al-26 (1)
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Be-10 (3)
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C-14 (10)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
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tritium (1)
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C-13/C-12 (25)
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He-3 (2)
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He-4 (1)
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He-4/He-3 (2)
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Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
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N-15/N-14 (2)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (8)
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O-18/O-16 (27)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (4)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (4)
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Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
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S-33/S-32 (1)
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S-34/S-32 (6)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (24)
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Lu/Hf (1)
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metals
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thorium
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U-234/Th-230 (1)
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uranium
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U-234/Th-230 (1)
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alkali metals
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rubidium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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barium (1)
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beryllium
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Be-10 (3)
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calcium
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Mg/Ca (1)
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magnesium
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Mg/Ca (1)
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radium
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Ra-226 (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (24)
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aluminum
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Al-26 (1)
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arsenic (2)
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iron
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ferric iron (1)
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ferrous iron (2)
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lead
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (8)
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nitrogen
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oxygen
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dissolved oxygen (1)
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O-18/O-16 (27)
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phosphorus (1)
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silicon (2)
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S-34/S-32 (6)
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Suiformes
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Carnivora
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Perissodactyla
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Primates
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Homo
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Rodentia
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Reptilia
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Insecta
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Orbitoidacea
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Rotaliacea
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Miogypsinidae
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Nummulitidae
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Operculina (2)
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Thecamoeba (1)
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Tintinnidae (1)
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Vermes
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Annelida (1)
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scolecodonts (1)
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Metazoa (1)
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microfossils
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Charophyta (1)
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Conodonta (1)
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scolecodonts (1)
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palynomorphs
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Dinoflagellata (4)
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miospores
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pollen (3)
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Plantae
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algae
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calcareous algae (1)
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Chlorophyta
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Charophyta (1)
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Coccolithophoraceae
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Emiliania
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Emiliania huxleyi (1)
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diatoms (3)
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nannofossils (3)
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Rhodophyta
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Corallinaceae
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Lithothamnium (1)
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Bryophyta (1)
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Spermatophyta
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Angiospermae
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Dicotyledoneae (1)
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Gymnospermae
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Coniferales (1)
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Cordaitales (1)
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-
-
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thallophytes (6)
-
-
geochronology methods
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(U-Th)/He (1)
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Ar/Ar (18)
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exposure age (3)
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fission-track dating (2)
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K/Ar (10)
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Lu/Hf (1)
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Rb/Sr (9)
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thermoluminescence (1)
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tree rings (1)
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U/Pb (29)
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uranium disequilibrium (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Koobi Fora Formation (1)
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Omo Group (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (1)
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Mesolithic (3)
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Neolithic (1)
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upper Holocene (2)
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Pleistocene
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middle Pleistocene (2)
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upper Pleistocene (9)
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upper Quaternary (3)
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Shungura Formation (1)
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Stone Age
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Paleolithic
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Acheulian (1)
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-
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Tertiary
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John Day Formation (1)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene
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Burdigalian (1)
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middle Miocene
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Langhian (1)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
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Tortonian (1)
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Wanapum Basalt (1)
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Pliocene
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Hadar Formation (11)
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lower Pliocene (3)
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upper Pliocene (2)
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-
-
Paleogene
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Eocene
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Clarno Formation (1)
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lower Eocene (1)
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upper Eocene (1)
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-
Oligocene
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upper Oligocene (3)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (2)
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upper Tertiary (1)
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upper Cenozoic (2)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (3)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (3)
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Duwi Formation (2)
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Ghareb Formation (1)
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Maestrichtian (1)
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Senonian (3)
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Turonian (2)
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Jurassic
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Lower Jurassic
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Toarcian (1)
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Middle Jurassic
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Aalenian (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Arab Formation (1)
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Hanifa Formation (1)
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Malm (1)
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Triassic (5)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Lower Cambrian (2)
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Carboniferous (2)
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Devonian
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Lower Devonian
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Emsian (1)
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Pragian (1)
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Middle Devonian
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Eifelian (1)
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-
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Ordovician
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Upper Ordovician
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Hirnantian (1)
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Permian
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Castile Formation (1)
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Khuff Formation (2)
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Unayzah Formation (1)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery
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Aeronian (1)
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Qalibah Formation (1)
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-
-
upper Paleozoic (1)
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Phanerozoic (3)
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Precambrian
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Archean (2)
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Eocambrian (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Mesoproterozoic
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Neoproterozoic
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Cryogenian (4)
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Ediacaran (5)
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Infracambrian (1)
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Riphean (1)
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Sturtian (2)
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Tonian (3)
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Paleoproterozoic (4)
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-
-
-
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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carbonatites (2)
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feldspathoid rocks (1)
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kimberlite (1)
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plutonic rocks
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diabase (2)
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plagiogranite (2)
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tonalite (2)
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essexite (1)
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gabbros
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norite (1)
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granites
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alkali granites (5)
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aplite (1)
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A-type granites (7)
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I-type granites (2)
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leucogranite (1)
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granodiorites (4)
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ijolite (1)
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monzodiorite (1)
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pegmatite (3)
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syenites
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nepheline syenite
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quartz syenite (2)
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ultramafics
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chromitite (2)
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peridotites
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dunite (1)
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harzburgite (6)
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lherzolite (3)
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spinel lherzolite (3)
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spinel peridotite (1)
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-
pyroxenite
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clinopyroxenite (1)
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websterite (1)
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-
-
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volcanic rocks
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andesites (3)
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basalts
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alkali basalts
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alkali olivine basalt (3)
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hawaiite (6)
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mugearite (3)
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flood basalts (9)
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mid-ocean ridge basalts (5)
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ocean-island basalts (1)
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olivine basalt (1)
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olivine tholeiite (1)
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tholeiite (3)
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trap rocks (1)
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basanite (2)
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benmoreite (1)
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dacites (1)
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glasses
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volcanic glass (1)
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leucitite (1)
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phonolites (3)
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pyroclastics
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ignimbrite (4)
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tuff (7)
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rhyodacites (1)
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rhyolites
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pantellerite (1)
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trachyandesites (2)
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trachytes (5)
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-
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ophiolite (18)
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volcanic ash (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (2)
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gneisses (8)
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listwanite (1)
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marbles (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metadiabase (1)
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metagranite (1)
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metapyroxenite (1)
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metasedimentary rocks (5)
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metasomatic rocks
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apogranite (1)
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greisen (4)
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serpentinite (5)
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metavolcanic rocks (5)
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migmatites (1)
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mylonites (2)
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schists
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greenschist (1)
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-
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ophiolite (18)
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turbidite (1)
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minerals
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alabaster (1)
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alloys (1)
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arsenates (1)
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arsenides
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arsenopyrite (1)
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arsenites
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mixite (1)
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carbonates
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bastnaesite (2)
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calcite (5)
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dolomite (2)
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magnesite (2)
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parisite (1)
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rhodochrosite (1)
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halides
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chlorides (1)
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fluorides
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bastnaesite (2)
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parisite (1)
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-
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iron minerals (1)
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minerals (5)
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organic minerals
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amber (2)
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oxides
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chrome spinel (1)
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chromite (1)
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goethite (3)
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hematite (1)
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hollandite (1)
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hydroxides
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oxyhydroxides (1)
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iron oxides (4)
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lepidocrocite (1)
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magnetite (1)
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manganese oxides (1)
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niobates
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columbite (3)
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euxenite (1)
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pyrochlore (1)
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samarskite (1)
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rutile (2)
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spinel group (2)
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tantalates
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euxenite (1)
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tantalite (1)
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-
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phosphates
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apatite (5)
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hydroxylapatite (1)
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xenotime (1)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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pargasite (1)
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-
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pyroxene group
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clinopyroxene (4)
-
-
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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alkali feldspar
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K-feldspar (2)
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plagioclase
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albite (2)
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bytownite (1)
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-
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silica minerals
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opal (2)
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quartz (5)
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zeolite group (1)
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garnierite (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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garnet group (1)
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olivine group
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olivine (3)
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zircon group
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thorite (2)
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zircon (27)
-
-
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sorosilicates
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epidote group
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epidote (1)
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ilvaite (1)
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-
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ring silicates
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tourmaline group (1)
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sheet silicates
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chlorite group
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chlorite (1)
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clay minerals
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kaolinite (4)
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nontronite (1)
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smectite (4)
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vermiculite (1)
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illite (2)
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margarite (1)
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mica group
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annite (1)
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muscovite (2)
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palygorskite (2)
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serpentine group
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antigorite (1)
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talc (1)
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sulfates
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anhydrite (2)
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celestine (1)
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gypsum (3)
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sulfides
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arsenopyrite (1)
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bohdanowiczite (1)
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chalcopyrite (1)
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millerite (1)
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nickel sulfides (1)
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pentlandite (1)
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pyrite (3)
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tellurides (3)
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-
Primary terms
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absolute age (73)
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Africa
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Afar (38)
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Blue Nile (3)
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Central Africa
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Angola
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Cabinda Angola (1)
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Burundi (1)
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Rwanda (1)
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Congo Craton (1)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (39)
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Djibouti (46)
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Eritrea
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Dahlak Islands (1)
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Ethiopia
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Awash Valley (3)
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Hadar (5)
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Omo Valley (1)
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Tigray Ethiopia (3)
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Wallo Ethiopia (2)
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Ethiopian Rift (16)
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Kenya
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Kenya Rift valley (2)
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Lake Malawi (1)
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Malawi (4)
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Mozambique (4)
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Somali Republic (4)
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Sudan (35)
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Tanzania
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Olduvai Gorge (2)
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Uganda (4)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Malawi (1)
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Lake Turkana (1)
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East African Rift (13)
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Gregory Rift (1)
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Madagascar (2)
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Mozambique Belt (2)
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North Africa
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Egypt
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Alexandria Egypt (1)
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Nile Delta (5)
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Sinai Egypt (20)
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Zabargad Island (3)
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Libya (2)
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Morocco
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Rif (1)
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Tunisia (2)
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Nubia (2)
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Nubian Shield (60)
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Red Sea Hills (7)
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Sahara (4)
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Southern Africa
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Lesotho (2)
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Namibia (1)
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South Africa (5)
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Zimbabwe (1)
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Tibesti Massif (1)
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West Africa
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Benin (3)
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Cameroon (3)
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Chad (1)
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Gambia (1)
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Ghana (4)
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Guinea (1)
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Mali (1)
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Niger (1)
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Jos Plateau (1)
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Sierra Leone (1)
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Antarctica (2)
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Asia
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United Arab Emirates (1)
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Central Asia
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Far East
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Burma (1)
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China
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Indonesia
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Sumatra (1)
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Japan
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Honshu
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Kakkonda Field (1)
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Onikobe Field (1)
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Ryukyu Islands
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Okinawa (1)
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Philippine Islands (2)
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Indian Peninsula
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Jordan (19)
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Wadi Araba (3)
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Russian Pacific region (1)
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Sakhalin Russian Federation
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Atlantic Ocean
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge (4)
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atmosphere (3)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
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New Zealand
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Wairakei (1)
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bacteria (1)
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bibliography (1)
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biogeography (7)
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biography (1)
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brines (9)
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Canada
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Ontario
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Western Canada
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British Columbia (1)
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (25)
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C-14 (10)
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organic carbon (1)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Caspian Sea (1)
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catalogs (2)
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Cenozoic
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Koobi Fora Formation (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (1)
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Mesolithic (3)
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Neolithic (1)
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upper Holocene (2)
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Pleistocene
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middle Pleistocene (2)
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upper Pleistocene (9)
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upper Quaternary (3)
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Shungura Formation (1)
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Stone Age
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Mesolithic (3)
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Neolithic (1)
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Paleolithic
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Acheulian (1)
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-
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Tertiary
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John Day Formation (1)
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene
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Burdigalian (1)
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middle Miocene
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Langhian (1)
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upper Miocene
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Messinian (1)
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Tortonian (1)
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-
Wanapum Basalt (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
Hadar Formation (11)
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lower Pliocene (3)
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upper Pliocene (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
Clarno Formation (1)
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lower Eocene (1)
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upper Eocene (1)
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-
Oligocene
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upper Oligocene (3)
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Paleocene
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lower Paleocene
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Danian (1)
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Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (2)
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upper Tertiary (1)
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upper Cenozoic (2)
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Central America
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ceramic materials (2)
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chemical analysis (1)
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Tetrapoda
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Mammalia
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Ruminantia
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Suiformes
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Carnivora
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Ursus (1)
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Perissodactyla
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Hippomorpha
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Equidae (1)
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Primates
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Hominidae
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Australopithecinae
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Australopithecus
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Australopithecus afarensis (3)
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Homo
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Homo erectus (1)
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simians (1)
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Proboscidea
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Rodentia
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Muridae (1)
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Reptilia
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Squamata
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Sauropterygia
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Plesiosauria (1)
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clay deposits (1)
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climate change (13)
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continental drift (11)
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crust (66)
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crystal chemistry (8)
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data processing (14)
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Deep Sea Drilling Project
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Leg 23
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DSDP Site 225 (1)
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DSDP Site 227 (2)
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deformation (24)
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diagenesis (22)
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earthquakes (41)
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Europe
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Alps (1)
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