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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
Gabon
-
Oklo (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Barents Sea
-
White Sea (4)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Amur Russian Federation (1)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Chhattisgarh India (1)
-
-
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Kemerovo Russian Federation (1)
-
Kyrgyzstan
-
Issyk-kul Lake (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (3)
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Tien Shan (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario
-
Sudbury Basin (1)
-
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Kyrgyzstan
-
Issyk-kul Lake (1)
-
-
Russian Federation
-
Amur Russian Federation (1)
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Karelia Russian Federation
-
Belomorsk Russian Federation (2)
-
-
Kemerovo Russian Federation (1)
-
Lake Ladoga (2)
-
Lake Onega (4)
-
Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation
-
Saint Petersburg Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (4)
-
Kola Peninsula (20)
-
Kola Russian Federation (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (3)
-
-
Russian Fennoscandia (10)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (3)
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Valdai (1)
-
Volga region (1)
-
Vologda Russian Federation (3)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
-
Urals (1)
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Central Europe
-
Switzerland
-
Graubunden Switzerland (1)
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
Ticino Switzerland (1)
-
Uri Switzerland (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandia
-
Russian Fennoscandia (10)
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (26)
-
Karelia (8)
-
Karelia Russian Federation
-
Belomorsk Russian Federation (2)
-
-
Lake Ladoga (2)
-
Lake Ladoga region (4)
-
Lake Onega (4)
-
Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation
-
Saint Petersburg Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (4)
-
Kola Peninsula (20)
-
Kola Russian Federation (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (3)
-
-
Valdai (1)
-
Vologda Russian Federation (3)
-
Western Europe
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
Kainuu Finland
-
Kuhmo Finland (1)
-
-
North Karelia Finland
-
Outokumpu Finland (1)
-
-
North Ostrobothnia Finland
-
Oulu Finland (1)
-
-
Pirkanmaa Finland
-
Tampere Finland (1)
-
-
Uusimaa Finland
-
Helsinki Finland (1)
-
-
-
Norway (1)
-
-
-
-
Kimberley Basin (1)
-
Russian Platform
-
Russian Fennoscandia (10)
-
-
USSR (3)
-
-
commodities
-
construction materials (1)
-
gems (1)
-
metal ores
-
copper ores (1)
-
gold ores (3)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (4)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
thorium ores (1)
-
uranium ores (2)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (4)
-
mineral exploration (3)
-
ornamental materials (2)
-
phosphate deposits (1)
-
soapstone (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
chemical ratios (3)
-
halogens
-
bromine (1)
-
chlorine (2)
-
iodine (1)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
-
isotope ratios (9)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
S-33/S-32 (2)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
S-36 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (2)
-
sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium (2)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
chromium (1)
-
copper (2)
-
gold (2)
-
iron (1)
-
manganese (2)
-
mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (2)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum (2)
-
platinum ores (4)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
-
silver (1)
-
titanium (1)
-
vanadium (1)
-
zinc (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-33/S-32 (2)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
S-36 (1)
-
-
-
fossils
-
eukaryotes (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
-
-
-
Metazoa (1)
-
microfossils (1)
-
palynomorphs
-
miospores
-
pollen (1)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
diatoms (1)
-
-
-
problematic fossils (1)
-
prokaryotes (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
-
Ar/Ar (1)
-
paleomagnetism (1)
-
Pb/Pb (1)
-
radiation damage (1)
-
Rb/Sr (1)
-
thermochronology (1)
-
U/Pb (6)
-
U/Th/Pb (2)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Eemian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Devonian
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Mesoarchean (3)
-
Neoarchean (6)
-
Paleoarchean (1)
-
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Great Oxidation Event (1)
-
Huronian
-
Onaping Formation (1)
-
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (1)
-
Vendian (1)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Orosirian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (4)
-
feldspathoid rocks (3)
-
kimberlite (1)
-
picrite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (1)
-
-
-
gabbros
-
microgabbro (2)
-
norite (5)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
charnockite (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (1)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres (1)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
-
pyroxenite (2)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
tholeiite (2)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
dacites (1)
-
komatiite (3)
-
melilitite (1)
-
pyroclastics (2)
-
rhyolites (2)
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (3)
-
eclogite (4)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasite (1)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (2)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
shungite (5)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (2)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (1)
-
migmatites (3)
-
quartzites (2)
-
schists
-
greenschist (1)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
-
minerals
-
antimonides (1)
-
arsenides
-
sperrylite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
eudialyte (1)
-
-
-
minerals (3)
-
native elements
-
diamond (2)
-
fullerene (1)
-
graphite (1)
-
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (1)
-
chromite (3)
-
hoegbomite (1)
-
ilmenite (1)
-
magnetite (1)
-
perovskite (1)
-
spinel (1)
-
titanomagnetite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (4)
-
monazite (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (5)
-
silicates
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
arfvedsonite (1)
-
hornblende (1)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
-
-
astrophyllite (1)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (3)
-
diopside (1)
-
omphacite (1)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
microcline (3)
-
-
plagioclase (3)
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (2)
-
-
sodalite group
-
sodalite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
natrolite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
garnet group (6)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (2)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (4)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
epidote (1)
-
-
melilite group (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (2)
-
eudialyte (1)
-
tourmaline group
-
dravite (1)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (3)
-
-
illite (1)
-
mica group
-
biotite (1)
-
muscovite (1)
-
-
-
-
sulfides
-
marcasite (1)
-
pyrite (2)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts (1)
-
tellurides
-
altaite (1)
-
-
wehrlite (1)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (9)
-
Africa
-
Central Africa
-
Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
Gabon
-
Oklo (1)
-
-
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Antarctica
-
Antarctic ice sheet (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Barents Sea
-
White Sea (4)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Amur Russian Federation (1)
-
Baikal region (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Chhattisgarh India (1)
-
-
-
Irkutsk Russian Federation
-
Slyudyanka Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Kemerovo Russian Federation (1)
-
Kyrgyzstan
-
Issyk-kul Lake (1)
-
-
Siberian Platform
-
Aldan Shield (3)
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Yenisei Ridge (1)
-
-
Tien Shan (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Baltic Sea (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia (1)
-
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Ontario
-
Sudbury Basin (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene
-
Eemian (1)
-
-
-
-
-
climate change (1)
-
construction materials (1)
-
core (1)
-
crust (6)
-
crystal chemistry (10)
-
crystal structure (8)
-
data processing (2)
-
deformation (2)
-
diagenesis (1)
-
earthquakes (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (1)
-
Central Europe
-
Switzerland
-
Graubunden Switzerland (1)
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
Ticino Switzerland (1)
-
Uri Switzerland (1)
-
-
-
Fennoscandia
-
Russian Fennoscandia (10)
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (26)
-
Karelia (8)
-
Karelia Russian Federation
-
Belomorsk Russian Federation (2)
-
-
Lake Ladoga (2)
-
Lake Ladoga region (4)
-
Lake Onega (4)
-
Leningrad Oblast Russian Federation
-
Saint Petersburg Russian Federation (1)
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (4)
-
Kola Peninsula (20)
-
Kola Russian Federation (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (3)
-
-
Valdai (1)
-
Vologda Russian Federation (3)
-
Western Europe
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
Kainuu Finland
-
Kuhmo Finland (1)
-
-
North Karelia Finland
-
Outokumpu Finland (1)
-
-
North Ostrobothnia Finland
-
Oulu Finland (1)
-
-
Pirkanmaa Finland
-
Tampere Finland (1)
-
-
Uusimaa Finland
-
Helsinki Finland (1)
-
-
-
Norway (1)
-
-
-
-
explosions (1)
-
faults (3)
-
folds (3)
-
gems (1)
-
geochemistry (11)
-
geophysical methods (1)
-
glacial geology (2)
-
heat flow (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (2)
-
-
hydrology (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (4)
-
feldspathoid rocks (3)
-
kimberlite (1)
-
picrite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
anorthosite (1)
-
diabase (1)
-
diorites
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (1)
-
-
-
gabbros
-
microgabbro (2)
-
norite (5)
-
troctolite (1)
-
-
granites
-
charnockite (1)
-
leucogranite (1)
-
-
granodiorites (1)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (2)
-
lamprophyres (1)
-
syenites
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
-
-
ultramafics
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
-
pyroxenite (2)
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites
-
boninite (1)
-
-
basalts
-
tholeiite (2)
-
tholeiitic basalt (1)
-
-
dacites (1)
-
komatiite (3)
-
melilitite (1)
-
pyroclastics (2)
-
rhyolites (2)
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (3)
-
-
intrusions (25)
-
Invertebrata
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (3)
-
D/H (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (3)
-
S-33/S-32 (2)
-
S-34/S-32 (2)
-
S-36 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lava (1)
-
magmas (8)
-
mantle (2)
-
maps (1)
-
metal ores
-
copper ores (1)
-
gold ores (3)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (4)
-
polymetallic ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
thorium ores (1)
-
uranium ores (2)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (2)
-
sodium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium (2)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
chromium (1)
-
copper (2)
-
gold (2)
-
iron (1)
-
manganese (2)
-
mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (2)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum (2)
-
platinum ores (4)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
rare earths
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
-
silver (1)
-
titanium (1)
-
vanadium (1)
-
zinc (1)
-
zirconium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (3)
-
eclogite (4)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
granulites (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasite (1)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
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Early Proterozoic Polymigmatites in a Zone of Granulite Metamorphism: P–T–X Conditions, Age, and Duration of Migmatization (Northern Ladoga Area, Russia)
Alterations of High-Carbon (Shungite) Rocks by the Lake Onega Waters: Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Process
Ratios of Sulfur Isotopes ( 32 S, 33 S, 34 S, and 36 S) in Archean Rocks of Karelia: Evidence of Microbial Life and the Anoxic Atmosphere
Sumian Basalts and Basaltic Andesites of the Karelian Province of the Fennoscandian Shield: Geologic Position, Composition, and Formation Conditions
Multiple Sulfur Isotope Compositions in Mesoarchean Sulfide Deposits of the Karelian Craton: Implications for Determining the Sulfur Source, Biogeochemical Processes, and Deposit Genesis
Morphotectonics, Seismicity, and Exogenous Processes of the Kola Peninsula
Halogen ratios in crustal fluids through time—Proxies for the emergence of aerobic life?
Genesis of Convolutions in Lacustrine Complexes in Regions with Comparatively Low (Baltic Shield) and High (Tien Shan) Paleoseismic Activity
The First Data on the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Suspension of Lake Onego
The Ludicovian of the Raahe–Ladoga Zone of the Fennoscandian Shield (Isotope-Geochemical Composition and Geodynamic Nature)
The grandest of them all: the Lomagundi–Jatuli Event and Earth's oxygenation
Mesoarchean to Paleoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the Belomorian Province, Fennoscandian Shield, and the Tectonic Setting of Eclogites
Intravital damage to the body of Dickinsonia (Metazoa of the late Ediacaran)
Chromium-rich vanadio-oxy-dravite from the Tzarevskoye uranium–vanadium deposit, Karelia, Russia: a second world-occurrence of Al–Cr–V–oxy-tourmaline
Soapstone in Jugend (Art Nouveau) architecture of northern European cities (1890s–1910s)
Abstract Soapstone occurs in Finland within Precambrian greenstone belts in the eastern parts of the country. Nunnanlahti and other deposits near Lake Pielinen are the best known and most important of these occurrences. This soft stone is highly workable. Soapstone was one of the most popular ornamental rocks used in architecture of the Jugend (Art Nouveau) style in St Petersburg, Russia, Helsinki, Finland, and in other northern European cities at the end of the nineteenth and into the early twentieth centuries.
Abstract Shoksha quartzite is a heritage stone of international importance. This stone, a hematitic quartzite composed predominantly of quartz with subordinate amounts of chalcedony and sericite, is Jatulian (2.3–2.0 Ga) in age. The sarcophagus of Napoleon I, Emperor of France, inside the Dôme des Invalides in Paris was cut from Shoksha quartzite quarried by Lake Onega, Russia. The details of the sarcophagus were cut and polished in Paris using steam machinery, an early use of this method. A monument to Russian Emperor, Nicholas I, in St Petersburg is also made in part of this quartzite. This stone also has been utilized in the Grave of the Unknown Soldier and the monument to Heroic Cities near the Kremlin in Moscow, as well as for other uses.