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Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (2)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (3)
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Congo (4)
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Congo Democratic Republic
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Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Gabon (3)
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Congo Basin (1)
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Congo Craton (2)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (2)
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Ethiopia (5)
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Ethiopian Rift (2)
-
Kenya
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East Turkana Basin (1)
-
-
Malawi (4)
-
Mozambique
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Maputo Mozambique (1)
-
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania (7)
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Uganda (3)
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Zambia (7)
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East African Lakes
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Lake Kariba (1)
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East African Rift (15)
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Kalahari Desert (41)
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Lebombo Mountains (4)
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Limpopo Basin (14)
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Limpopo Belt (91)
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Madagascar
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Mahajanga Basin (1)
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Mozambique Belt (4)
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Namib Desert (1)
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North Africa
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Algeria (1)
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Egypt
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Aswan Dam (1)
-
-
Libya (1)
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Morocco
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Rif
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Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (89)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (10)
-
-
Gariep Belt (4)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (240)
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Kalahari Craton (12)
-
Karoo Basin (130)
-
Lesotho (42)
-
Namaqualand (42)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (21)
-
Namibia
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Damara Belt (1)
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Luderitz Namibia (1)
-
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Orange River (18)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (265)
-
Cape fold belt (15)
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Cape Province region (127)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
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Cape Town South Africa (2)
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Molteno South Africa (1)
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Port Elizabeth South Africa (3)
-
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (63)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Johannesburg South Africa (16)
-
Pretoria South Africa (8)
-
Swartkrans Cave (2)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (11)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
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Durban South Africa (13)
-
Tugela Basin (3)
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Zululand (5)
-
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Limpopo South Africa (26)
-
Merensky Reef (62)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (14)
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Barberton South Africa (15)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (12)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (24)
-
Postmasburg South Africa (11)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
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Ventersdorp South Africa (7)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (2)
-
Transvaal region (340)
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Vaal River (8)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa
-
Langebaanweg South Africa (1)
-
-
Witwatersrand (135)
-
-
Swaziland (37)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (8)
-
Great Dyke (14)
-
Kariba Zimbabwe (1)
-
Selukwe Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Benin (3)
-
Burkina Faso (1)
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Cameroon (2)
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Chad (1)
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Gambia (1)
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Ghana (6)
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Guinea (1)
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Ivory Coast (4)
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Liberia (2)
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Mali (2)
-
Mauritania (2)
-
Niger (2)
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Nigeria (4)
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Sierra Leone (2)
-
Togo (1)
-
-
West African Shield (1)
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Zambezi Valley (5)
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Zimbabwe Craton (46)
-
-
Antarctica
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East Antarctica (3)
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Enderby Land (1)
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Queen Maud Land (5)
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Transantarctic Mountains
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Pensacola Mountains
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Dufek Intrusion (1)
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-
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Victoria Land (1)
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-
Arctic Ocean
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Norwegian Sea (1)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Ilimaussaq (1)
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Isua Belt (1)
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West Greenland (1)
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Svalbard (1)
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Asia
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Altai Mountains
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Gorny Altai (1)
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Altai Russian Federation
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Gorny Altai (1)
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Arabian Peninsula
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Arabian Shield (1)
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Saudi Arabia (2)
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Yemen (1)
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Far East
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China
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Henan China (1)
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North China Platform (1)
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Xinjiang China (1)
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Xizang China (1)
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Indonesia
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Billiton (1)
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Krakatoa (1)
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Sumatra (1)
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Japan
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Honshu
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Hida metamorphic belt (1)
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Laos (1)
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Malaysia (1)
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Mongolia (1)
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Thailand (1)
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Vietnam (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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Afghanistan (1)
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India
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Andhra Pradesh India (1)
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Dharwar Craton (3)
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Ghats
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Eastern Ghats (1)
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Maharashtra India
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Koyna Dam (1)
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-
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Pakistan (3)
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Indus River (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Norilsk region (1)
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Norilsk Russian Federation (1)
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Middle East
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Cyprus (1)
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Iran (1)
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Syria (1)
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Turkey (2)
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Siberia (3)
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Siberian Platform
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Anabar Shield (1)
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-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Mir Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
-
North Atlantic
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Irish Sea (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Cape Basin (7)
-
Falkland Plateau (1)
-
Southeast Atlantic (2)
-
Walvis Ridge (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Falkland Islands (1)
-
South Sandwich Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Broken Hill Block (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia
-
Tennant Creek Australia (1)
-
-
Queensland Australia
-
Cannington Deposit (1)
-
Mount Isa Australia (1)
-
-
South Australia
-
Eyre Peninsula (1)
-
Gawler Craton (1)
-
Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
-
-
Tasmania Australia
-
Tasmania Basin (1)
-
-
Victoria Australia (1)
-
Western Australia
-
Argyle Mine (1)
-
Collie Basin (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (5)
-
Kalgoorlie Australia (1)
-
Pilbara (3)
-
Pilbara Craton (13)
-
Yilgarn (1)
-
Yilgarn Craton (6)
-
-
-
New Zealand (4)
-
-
Bowen Basin (1)
-
Broken Hill Mine (5)
-
Buffalo River (1)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick
-
Gloucester County New Brunswick
-
Bathurst mining district (1)
-
-
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (1)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
-
-
Newfoundland (3)
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Blind River Ontario (1)
-
Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
-
Wawa Ontario (1)
-
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Timmins Ontario (1)
-
-
Sudbury igneous complex (2)
-
Sudbury Structure (1)
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Cobalt Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Oka Complex (1)
-
-
-
Muskox Intrusion (2)
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (1)
-
British Columbia (3)
-
Manitoba
-
Bernic Lake (1)
-
Tanco Pegmatite (1)
-
-
Northwest Territories
-
Lac de Gras (1)
-
-
Saskatchewan (3)
-
Yukon Territory (1)
-
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
Norilsk Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (1)
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Saratov Russian Federation (1)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Mir Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Urals
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Southern Urals (2)
-
-
-
Copperbelt (2)
-
developing countries (1)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
Eurasia (1)
-
Europe
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Alps
-
Eastern Alps
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Dolomites (1)
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-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
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Central Europe
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Austria (4)
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Czech Republic
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Bohemia (1)
-
-
Germany (3)
-
Hungary (1)
-
Poland (1)
-
Slovakia (1)
-
Switzerland (2)
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (1)
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
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Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Saratov Russian Federation (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Ebro Basin (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Venetia (1)
-
-
Romania
-
Transylvania
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Bihor Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Yugoslavia (1)
-
-
Tauern Window (1)
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
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Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
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Corsica (1)
-
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Iceland (1)
-
Ireland
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Donegal Ireland
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Ardara Pluton (1)
-
-
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
North Karelia Finland
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Outokumpu Finland (1)
-
-
-
Norway
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Rogaland Norway (1)
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Southern Norway (1)
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-
Sweden (3)
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Western Gneiss region (1)
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-
United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Dorset England (1)
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Yorkshire England (1)
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Scotland
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Hebrides
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Inner Hebrides
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Isle of Skye (1)
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Rhum (2)
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-
-
Highland region Scotland
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Inverness-shire Scotland
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Isle of Skye (1)
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Rhum (2)
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Wales (2)
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False Bay (2)
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Galilee Basin (1)
-
Indian Ocean
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Agulhas Bank (5)
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Mid-Indian Ridge (1)
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West Indian Ocean (2)
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Madagascar
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Mahajanga Basin (1)
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Mauritius (1)
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Jack Hills (2)
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Kerguelen Plateau (1)
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Kimberley Basin (3)
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Mediterranean region (2)
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Mexico
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Sierra Madre Oriental (1)
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North America
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Appalachians
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Southern Appalachians (1)
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Basin and Range Province (1)
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Canadian Shield
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Churchill Province (1)
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Grenville Province (1)
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Slave Province (2)
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Superior Province
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Abitibi Belt (2)
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Wabigoon Belt (1)
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Great Lakes
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Lake Superior (2)
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Great Plains (1)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
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Western Interior (1)
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North Island (1)
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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Oceania
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Melanesia
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New Caledonia (2)
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Polynesia
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Hawaii (1)
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Pacific Coast (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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East Pacific Rise (1)
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Northeast Pacific
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Gulf of Alaska (1)
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Southeast Pacific
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Tonga Trench (1)
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-
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North Pacific
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Mid-Pacific Mountains (1)
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Northeast Pacific
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Gulf of Alaska (1)
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Mariana Trough (1)
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-
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South Pacific
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Southeast Pacific
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Tonga Trench (1)
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West Pacific
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Northwest Pacific
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Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
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Perth Basin (1)
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Red Lake (1)
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Russian Platform (1)
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Saint Lucia (1)
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South Sandwich Islands (1)
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Sierra Nevada (2)
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Solomon Islands (1)
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South America
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Andes (1)
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Argentina (6)
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Brazil
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Brazilian Shield (2)
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Goias Brazil (1)
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Minas Gerais Brazil
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Pocos de Caldas Brazil (1)
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Para Brazil
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Carajas mineral province (1)
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Ribeira Belt (1)
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Sao Francisco Craton (2)
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Chile (2)
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Dom Feliciano Belt (1)
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Falkland Islands (1)
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Parana Basin (3)
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Peru (2)
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South Mountain Batholith (1)
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Southern Hemisphere (2)
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Southern Ocean
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Table Mountain (1)
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United States
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Arizona
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Arkansas
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California
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Eastern U.S. (1)
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Illinois (1)
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Massachusetts (1)
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Michigan
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Michigan Upper Peninsula
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Minnesota
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Montana (3)
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Navajo Indian Reservation (1)
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bauxite deposits (1)
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brines (6)
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ceramic materials (3)
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coal deposits (6)
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construction materials (4)
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diamond deposits (50)
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energy sources (6)
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feldspar deposits (1)
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fluorspar deposits (1)
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gems (14)
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geothermal energy (1)
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glass materials (1)
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gravel deposits (2)
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heavy mineral deposits (10)
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industrial minerals (5)
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kaolin deposits (1)
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antimony ores (6)
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arsenic ores (6)
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base metals (32)
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beryllium ores (2)
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bismuth ores (2)
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chromite ores (35)
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cobalt ores (6)
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copper ores (74)
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gold ores (169)
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iron ores (27)
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lead ores (14)
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lead-zinc deposits (13)
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lithium ores (4)
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magnesium ores (2)
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manganese ores (39)
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nickel ores (45)
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palladium ores (2)
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platinum ores (121)
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polymetallic ores (12)
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silver ores (15)
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tin ores (18)
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mineral deposits, genesis (263)
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chemical ratios (18)
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O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (51)
-
Os-187/Os-186 (3)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (10)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
S-32 (2)
-
S-33 (2)
-
S-33/S-32 (5)
-
S-34 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (28)
-
S-36 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (35)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
W-182 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (15)
-
metals
-
actinides
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thorium (2)
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (3)
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium
-
K-40 (1)
-
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
sodium (3)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (2)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (4)
-
-
calcium
-
Sr/Ca (1)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Sr/Ca (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (35)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (2)
-
-
antimony (5)
-
arsenic (6)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium
-
Cr-53/Cr-52 (1)
-
-
cobalt (5)
-
copper (12)
-
gold (27)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (8)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (1)
-
ferric iron (5)
-
ferrous iron (5)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (4)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
manganese (18)
-
mercury (2)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (13)
-
niobium (3)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (12)
-
osmium
-
Os-187/Os-186 (3)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (10)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
palladium (19)
-
palladium ores (2)
-
platinum (24)
-
platinum ores (121)
-
rhodium (7)
-
ruthenium (6)
-
-
precious metals (13)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (4)
-
europium (2)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
scandium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
silver (4)
-
tantalum (3)
-
tin (5)
-
titanium (14)
-
tungsten
-
W-182 (1)
-
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (5)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (3)
-
organic nitrogen (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-39 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (3)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (2)
-
-
radon (1)
-
-
nonmetals (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-16 (1)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-18 (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (51)
-
-
phosphorus (5)
-
selenium (2)
-
silicon
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-32 (2)
-
S-33 (2)
-
S-33/S-32 (5)
-
S-34 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (28)
-
S-36 (1)
-
-
tellurium (1)
-
trace metals (4)
-
-
fossils
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bacteria (7)
-
burrows (5)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces (4)
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Tetrapoda
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Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
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Labyrinthodontia
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Temnospondyli (4)
-
-
-
Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Artiodactyla
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Hippopotamidae
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Hippopotamus (1)
-
-
Suiformes
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Suidae (1)
-
-
-
Carnivora
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Fissipeda
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Canidae (1)
-
Felidae (1)
-
-
-
Insectivora (2)
-
Perissodactyla
-
Ceratomorpha
-
Rhinocerotidae
-
Rhinoceros (1)
-
-
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Hipparion (1)
-
-
-
-
Primates
-
Hominidae
-
Australopithecinae
-
Australopithecus
-
Australopithecus africanus (2)
-
-
-
-
simians
-
Cercopithecidae (2)
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
Rodentia (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Cotylosauria (1)
-
Testudines
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Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia (4)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia (2)
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda (1)
-
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
Pterosauria (1)
-
Thecodontia
-
Aetosauria (2)
-
-
-
Eosuchia (1)
-
Lepidosauria
-
Rhynchocephalia (1)
-
Squamata (2)
-
-
Rhynchosauria (1)
-
-
Synapsida
-
Pelycosauria (1)
-
Therapsida
-
Cynodontia (6)
-
Dicynodontia
-
Lystrosaurus (6)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cloudina (1)
-
cyanobacteria (5)
-
eukaryotes (1)
-
fossil man (1)
-
fungi (2)
-
Graptolithina (1)
-
ichnofossils (14)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Merostomata
-
Eurypterida (1)
-
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Branchiopoda (1)
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Hymenoptera (1)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Isoptera (3)
-
Perlaria (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Phacopida (1)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
-
Articulata (1)
-
Inarticulata (1)
-
-
Bryozoa
-
Trepostomata (1)
-
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa (1)
-
Scyphozoa
-
Conulariida (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia
-
Heterodonta
-
Veneroida
-
Astartidae (1)
-
-
-
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (2)
-
-
-
Gastropoda (2)
-
Tentaculitida (1)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Globigerinacea (1)
-
Rotaliacea
-
Miogypsinidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
lichens (1)
-
Metazoa (2)
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
Conodonta (2)
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (1)
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
Dinoflagellata (1)
-
miospores
-
pollen (7)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
Chlorophyta (2)
-
diatoms (1)
-
nannofossils (4)
-
-
Bryophyta (1)
-
Pteridophyta
-
Filicopsida (1)
-
Sphenopsida
-
Sphenophyllum (1)
-
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Monocotyledoneae
-
Gramineae (1)
-
-
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferae (1)
-
Coniferales (2)
-
Cycadales (1)
-
Ginkgoales
-
Ginkgo (1)
-
-
Glossopteridales
-
Glossopteris (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
prokaryotes (1)
-
thallophytes (11)
-
tracks (4)
-
trails (2)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (6)
-
Ar/Ar (36)
-
exposure age (1)
-
fission-track dating (4)
-
infrared stimulated luminescence (1)
-
K/Ar (8)
-
Lu/Hf (15)
-
Nd/Nd (1)
-
optically stimulated luminescence (2)
-
paleomagnetism (39)
-
Pb/Pb (49)
-
Pb/Th (1)
-
radiation damage (2)
-
Rb/Sr (43)
-
Re/Os (14)
-
Sm/Nd (26)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
Th/U (6)
-
thermochronology (6)
-
thermoluminescence (1)
-
tree rings (1)
-
U/Pb (160)
-
U/Th/Pb (10)
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uranium disequilibrium (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Anthropocene (2)
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Cenozoic
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Blancan (1)
-
Quaternary
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Holocene
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middle Holocene (1)
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Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (2)
-
middle Pleistocene (2)
-
upper Pleistocene (6)
-
-
upper Quaternary (15)
-
-
Stone Age
-
Paleolithic
-
Acheulian (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (3)
-
middle Tertiary (2)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
upper Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (1)
-
upper Pliocene (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
upper Paleogene (1)
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Villafranchian (1)
-
-
-
Coal Measures (1)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (4)
-
Aptian (2)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (17)
-
Ferrar Group (6)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (2)
-
lower Liassic (1)
-
middle Liassic (2)
-
Pliensbachian (3)
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Toarcian
-
lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
upper Liassic (4)
-
-
Middle Jurassic (4)
-
Upper Jurassic (4)
-
-
Triassic
-
Fremouw Formation (1)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Olenekian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (11)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
Narrabeen Group (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Keuper (1)
-
Molteno Formation (13)
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
Stormberg Series (5)
-
-
-
-
MIS 2 (2)
-
MIS 3 (2)
-
MIS 5 (3)
-
MIS 6 (5)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Terreneuvian
-
Fortunian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Burgess Shale (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Siegenian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (2)
-
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
lower Paleozoic (4)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (3)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (2)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (28)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (3)
-
Roadian (1)
-
Wordian (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Kungurian (3)
-
-
-
Middle Permian (6)
-
Upper Permian
-
Lopingian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (11)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (11)
-
Whitehill Formation (4)
-
-
Silurian (3)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (33)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (18)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Bulawayan Group (9)
-
Eoarchean (2)
-
Fig Tree Group (18)
-
J-M Reef (2)
-
Kromberg Formation (3)
-
Mesoarchean (29)
-
Napier Complex (1)
-
Neoarchean
-
Amitsoq Gneiss (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (6)
-
-
Swaziland Supergroup (5)
-
Warrawoona Group (2)
-
-
Brockman Iron Formation (3)
-
Central Rand Group (31)
-
Fortescue Group (2)
-
Hadean (6)
-
Hamersley Group (7)
-
Onverwacht Group (23)
-
Pongola Supergroup (18)
-
Prince Albert Group (2)
-
Stillwater Complex (7)
-
Swaziland Sequence (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (88)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Damara System (4)
-
Great Oxidation Event (2)
-
Huronian (4)
-
Malmani Subgroup (13)
-
Mesoproterozoic (45)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (5)
-
Vendian (3)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (2)
-
Rooiberg Group (9)
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (19)
-
Siderian (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (16)
-
Wolkberg Group (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (44)
-
Waterberg System (14)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (59)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites
-
sovite (2)
-
-
feldspathoid rocks (3)
-
granophyre (12)
-
hypabyssal rocks (2)
-
kimberlite (116)
-
peperite (2)
-
phoscorites (3)
-
picrite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
alnoite (1)
-
anorthosite
-
gabbroic anorthosite (1)
-
-
diabase
-
tholeiitic dolerite (2)
-
-
diorites
-
ferrodiorite (2)
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (5)
-
-
trondhjemite (14)
-
-
gabbros
-
microgabbro (1)
-
norite (17)
-
olivine gabbro (1)
-
troctolite (6)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (3)
-
alaskite (1)
-
alkali granites (2)
-
aplite (3)
-
A-type granites (1)
-
charnockite (6)
-
felsite (3)
-
granite porphyry (3)
-
I-type granites (1)
-
leucogranite (5)
-
microgranite (3)
-
monzogranite (1)
-
rapakivi (2)
-
S-type granites (2)
-
-
granodiorites (10)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (7)
-
lamprophyres (3)
-
pegmatite (39)
-
sovite (2)
-
syenites
-
albitite (1)
-
bostonite (1)
-
nepheline syenite
-
foyaite (3)
-
lujavrite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (60)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (17)
-
garnet lherzolite (2)
-
garnet peridotite (3)
-
harzburgite (22)
-
lherzolite (8)
-
spinel peridotite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (2)
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
orthopyroxenite
-
bronzitite (1)
-
-
websterite (3)
-
-
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites
-
boninite (2)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (14)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (9)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses (1)
-
komatiite (33)
-
melilitite (1)
-
nephelinite (3)
-
phonolites (3)
-
pyroclastics
-
ignimbrite (2)
-
pumice (1)
-
tuff (7)
-
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (2)
-
-
trachytes (4)
-
-
-
ophiolite (7)
-
volcanic ash (2)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (16)
-
cataclasites (3)
-
eclogite (24)
-
garnetite (1)
-
gneisses
-
granite gneiss (4)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
tonalite gneiss (1)
-
-
granulites
-
leptite (1)
-
-
hornfels (1)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
lunar breccia (1)
-
-
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
meta-anorthosite (1)
-
metabasalt (3)
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagabbro (2)
-
metagranite (3)
-
metakomatiite (2)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
metapyroxenite (1)
-
metatuff (2)
-
serpentinite (5)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metachert (1)
-
metaconglomerate (3)
-
metagraywacke (2)
-
metapelite (12)
-
metasandstone (2)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
paragneiss (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
rodingite (1)
-
serpentinite (5)
-
skarn (4)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (15)
-
migmatites (4)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (19)
-
-
quartzites (28)
-
schists
-
greenschist (1)
-
greenstone (27)
-
tourmalinite (1)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
ophiolite (7)
-
turbidite (11)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites (1)
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
carbonaceous chondrites (1)
-
ordinary chondrites
-
L chondrites (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
awaruite (1)
-
electrum (1)
-
kamacite (1)
-
taenite (1)
-
-
amosite (1)
-
antimonates (1)
-
antimonides (3)
-
arsenates (1)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (3)
-
safflorite (1)
-
sperrylite (9)
-
-
arsenites (1)
-
bismuthides
-
froodite (1)
-
michenerite (3)
-
-
borates (3)
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (3)
-
aragonite (3)
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
calcite (20)
-
cancrinite (1)
-
dolomite (8)
-
hydrotalcite (2)
-
ikaite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
nahcolite (1)
-
parisite (1)
-
pyroaurite (2)
-
rhodochrosite (1)
-
siderite (7)
-
synchysite (1)
-
witherite (2)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
eudialyte (2)
-
halite (3)
-
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
fluorite (4)
-
parisite (1)
-
synchysite (1)
-
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
hydrates (2)
-
manganese minerals (3)
-
minerals (84)
-
native elements
-
diamond (29)
-
graphite (5)
-
-
nitrates (1)
-
organic minerals
-
amber (2)
-
-
oxalates (1)
-
oxides
-
aluminum oxides (1)
-
baddeleyite (8)
-
bixbyite (3)
-
brannerite (2)
-
brucite (2)
-
cassiterite (14)
-
chrome spinel (4)
-
chromite (28)
-
corundum (2)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
ferrihydrite (1)
-
franklinite (1)
-
gibbsite (1)
-
goethite (6)
-
hausmannite (7)
-
hematite (19)
-
heterogenite (1)
-
hoegbomite (1)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (2)
-
-
ilmenite (26)
-
iron oxides (12)
-
jacobsite (1)
-
leucoxene (1)
-
lithiophorite (2)
-
maghemite (1)
-
magnesioferrite (1)
-
magnetite (36)
-
manganese oxides (3)
-
manganite (2)
-
martite (1)
-
niobates
-
betafite (1)
-
fergusonite (1)
-
-
perovskite (4)
-
pitchblende (1)
-
pyrophanite (2)
-
ramsdellite (1)
-
rutile (12)
-
spinel (19)
-
spinel group (4)
-
tantalates
-
betafite (1)
-
tantalite (1)
-
-
titanium oxides (4)
-
titanomaghemite (1)
-
titanomagnetite (4)
-
todorokite (2)
-
trevorite (5)
-
uraninite (10)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (18)
-
britholite (2)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
fluorapatite (1)
-
monazite (16)
-
montebrasite (1)
-
xenotime (3)
-
-
platinum minerals (31)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (1)
-
asbestos (4)
-
borosilicates (2)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (3)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (2)
-
crocidolite (4)
-
edenite (1)
-
hornblende (5)
-
pargasite (2)
-
richterite (3)
-
riebeckite (2)
-
tremolite (2)
-
tschermakite (3)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (2)
-
gedrite (2)
-
holmquistite (2)
-
-
-
bavenite (1)
-
jade (1)
-
plancheite (1)
-
prehnite (3)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (4)
-
aegirine-augite (1)
-
augite (2)
-
chrome diopside (2)
-
diopside (4)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
jadeite (1)
-
omphacite (2)
-
pigeonite (1)
-
spodumene (5)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (4)
-
hypersthene (3)
-
-
-
tobermorite (3)
-
wollastonite group
-
pectolite (5)
-
wollastonite (4)
-
-
xonotlite (1)
-
-
framework silicates
-
cancrinite (1)
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (2)
-
microcline (3)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (3)
-
anorthite (2)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (3)
-
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (3)
-
jasper (1)
-
quartz (38)
-
stishovite (1)
-
tridymite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (2)
-
stilbite (1)
-
yugawaralite (1)
-
-
-
magnesian silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (2)
-
braunite (7)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (2)
-
-
chloritoid (1)
-
datolite group
-
datolite (2)
-
-
garnet group
-
almandine (4)
-
andradite (2)
-
grossular (4)
-
hydrogarnet
-
hydrogrossular (1)
-
-
majorite (3)
-
pyrope (7)
-
spessartine (2)
-
uvarovite (2)
-
-
grandidierite (1)
-
kyanite (6)
-
mullite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (1)
-
forsterite (3)
-
olivine (19)
-
ringwoodite (1)
-
-
phenakite group
-
eucryptite (2)
-
-
sillimanite (7)
-
staurolite (3)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (10)
-
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (2)
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (113)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
barylite (1)
-
bertrandite (1)
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
epidote (2)
-
-
kornerupine (2)
-
melilite group
-
melilite (1)
-
-
vesuvianite (5)
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (2)
-
cordierite (4)
-
emerald (4)
-
eudialyte (2)
-
milarite group
-
osumilite (1)
-
-
tourmaline group (7)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
apophyllite (1)
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (6)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (10)
-
nacrite (1)
-
smectite (6)
-
vermiculite (2)
-
-
gillespite (1)
-
gyrolite (1)
-
illite (7)
-
margarite (2)
-
mica group
-
biotite (12)
-
glauconite (1)
-
lepidolite (1)
-
muscovite (12)
-
paragonite (1)
-
phlogopite (18)
-
-
petalite (1)
-
pyrophyllite (3)
-
rectorite (1)
-
sepiolite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (1)
-
chrysotile (4)
-
cronstedtite (1)
-
lizardite (1)
-
serpentine (4)
-
-
stilpnomelane (3)
-
talc (2)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (1)
-
barite (2)
-
ettringite (3)
-
gypsum (2)
-
jarosite (1)
-
natroalunite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
argentite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (3)
-
bornite (2)
-
chalcopyrite (12)
-
cooperite (8)
-
copper sulfides (5)
-
galena (6)
-
iron sulfides (3)
-
joseite (1)
-
laurite (8)
-
mackinawite (5)
-
millerite (2)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
nickel sulfides (4)
-
pentlandite (9)
-
pyrite (19)
-
pyrrhotite (14)
-
siegenite (1)
-
sphalerite (2)
-
stibnite (1)
-
troilite (4)
-
valleriite (1)
-
-
sulfosalts (2)
-
tellurides
-
altaite (1)
-
joseite (1)
-
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (2)
-
-
ultrabasite (2)
-
vanadates (2)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (289)
-
academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
Afar (2)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (3)
-
Congo (4)
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Gabon (3)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
Congo Craton (2)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (2)
-
Ethiopia (5)
-
Ethiopian Rift (2)
-
Kenya
-
East Turkana Basin (1)
-
-
Malawi (4)
-
Mozambique
-
Maputo Mozambique (1)
-
-
-
-
-