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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (3)
-
Congo (4)
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Gabon (3)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (1)
-
Ethiopia (5)
-
Ethiopian Rift (1)
-
Kenya (4)
-
Malawi (2)
-
Mozambique (12)
-
Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania (5)
-
Uganda (4)
-
Zambia (4)
-
-
East African Rift (10)
-
Kalahari Desert (33)
-
Lebombo Mountains (1)
-
Limpopo Basin (9)
-
Limpopo Belt (27)
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (1)
-
-
Libya (1)
-
Morocco
-
Rif
-
Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (29)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (2)
-
-
Gariep Belt (10)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (109)
-
Kalahari Craton (5)
-
Karoo Basin (203)
-
Lesotho (45)
-
Namaqualand (60)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (34)
-
Namibia
-
Luderitz Namibia (2)
-
-
Orange River (27)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (212)
-
Cape fold belt (38)
-
Cape Province region (153)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (15)
-
Molteno South Africa (1)
-
Port Elizabeth South Africa (5)
-
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (60)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Johannesburg South Africa (16)
-
Pretoria South Africa (8)
-
Swartkrans Cave (2)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (11)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (3)
-
Zululand (1)
-
-
Limpopo South Africa (3)
-
Merensky Reef (54)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (9)
-
Barberton South Africa (3)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (5)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (24)
-
Postmasburg South Africa (11)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (7)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (5)
-
Transvaal region (295)
-
Vaal River (7)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa
-
Knysna South Africa (1)
-
Langebaanweg South Africa (5)
-
-
Witwatersrand (128)
-
-
Swaziland (11)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (2)
-
Great Dyke (3)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Benin (3)
-
Cameroon (2)
-
Chad (1)
-
Gambia (1)
-
Ghana (5)
-
Guinea (1)
-
Ivory Coast (3)
-
Liberia (2)
-
Mali (2)
-
Mauritania (2)
-
Niger (2)
-
Nigeria (4)
-
Sierra Leone (2)
-
Togo (1)
-
-
Zambezi Valley (1)
-
Zimbabwe Craton (6)
-
-
Antarctica
-
East Antarctica (1)
-
Queen Maud Land (2)
-
Transantarctic Mountains
-
Pensacola Mountains
-
Dufek Intrusion (1)
-
-
-
Victoria Land (1)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Ilimaussaq (1)
-
Isua Belt (1)
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Altai Mountains
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
Yemen (1)
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Henan China (1)
-
Shanxi China (1)
-
Xinjiang China (1)
-
Xizang China (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Billiton (1)
-
Krakatoa (1)
-
Sumatra (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Hida metamorphic belt (1)
-
-
-
Laos (1)
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Thailand (1)
-
Vietnam (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India (1)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (1)
-
-
-
Pakistan (2)
-
-
Indus River (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
Norilsk Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
Iran (1)
-
Syria (1)
-
Turkey (2)
-
-
Siberia (2)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (1)
-
North Atlantic
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Irish Sea (1)
-
North Sea
-
Viking Graben (1)
-
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Cape Basin (8)
-
Falkland Plateau (1)
-
Santos Basin (1)
-
Southeast Atlantic (4)
-
Walvis Ridge (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Falkland Islands (2)
-
South Sandwich Islands (1)
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Northern Territory Australia
-
Tennant Creek Australia (1)
-
-
Queensland Australia
-
Cape York Peninsula (1)
-
Mount Isa Australia (1)
-
-
South Australia (1)
-
Tasmania Australia
-
Tasmania Basin (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Argyle Mine (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (5)
-
Pilbara (1)
-
Pilbara Craton (6)
-
Yilgarn Craton (2)
-
-
-
New Zealand (4)
-
-
Bowen Basin (1)
-
Broken Hill Mine (6)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
New Brunswick (2)
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (1)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
-
-
Newfoundland (3)
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Blind River Ontario (1)
-
Elliot Lake Ontario (1)
-
-
Cochrane District Ontario
-
Timmins Ontario (1)
-
-
Sudbury igneous complex (2)
-
Sudbury Structure (1)
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Cobalt Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Oka Complex (1)
-
-
-
Muskox Intrusion (2)
-
Nunavut (1)
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia (2)
-
Manitoba (2)
-
Northwest Territories
-
Lac de Gras (1)
-
-
Saskatchewan (2)
-
Yukon Territory (1)
-
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Russian Federation
-
Altai Russian Federation
-
Gorny Altai (1)
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (1)
-
Norilsk Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (1)
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Saratov Russian Federation (1)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Udachnaya Pipe (1)
-
Udachnaya Russian Federation (1)
-
-
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Urals
-
Central Urals (1)
-
Southern Urals (2)
-
-
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
Eurasia (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Eastern Alps
-
Dolomites (1)
-
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (3)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia (1)
-
-
Germany (3)
-
Hungary (1)
-
Poland (1)
-
Slovakia (1)
-
Switzerland (2)
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (1)
-
Kola Peninsula (1)
-
Lovozero Massif (1)
-
-
Saratov Russian Federation (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Ebro Basin (1)
-
-
-
Italy (3)
-
Romania
-
Transylvania
-
Bihor Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Yugoslavia (1)
-
-
Tauern Window (1)
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Corsica (1)
-
-
Iceland (1)
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
North Karelia Finland
-
Outokumpu Finland (1)
-
-
-
Norway
-
Rogaland Norway (1)
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
-
Sweden (3)
-
Western Gneiss region (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Dorset England (1)
-
Yorkshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
Rhum (2)
-
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
Rhum (2)
-
-
-
-
Wales (2)
-
-
-
-
-
False Bay (5)
-
Galilee Basin (1)
-
Indian Ocean
-
Agulhas Bank (7)
-
Mid-Indian Ridge (1)
-
West Indian Ocean (3)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mauritius (1)
-
-
Jack Hills (1)
-
Kerguelen Plateau (1)
-
Kimberley Basin (2)
-
Mediterranean region (2)
-
Mexico
-
Sierra Madre Oriental (1)
-
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Grenville Province (1)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (2)
-
Wabigoon Belt (1)
-
-
-
Great Lakes
-
Lake Superior (2)
-
-
Great Plains (1)
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
Western Interior (1)
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Northern Hemisphere (1)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
New Caledonia (2)
-
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii (1)
-
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
East Pacific Rise (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of Alaska (1)
-
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Tonga Trench (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Mid-Pacific Mountains (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of Alaska (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Tonga Trench (1)
-
-
-
-
Perth Basin (1)
-
Russian Platform (1)
-
Scotia Sea Islands
-
South Sandwich Islands (1)
-
-
Sierra Nevada (1)
-
Solomon Islands (1)
-
South America
-
Andes (1)
-
Argentina
-
Neuquen Basin (2)
-
-
Brazil
-
Brazilian Shield (1)
-
Goias Brazil (1)
-
Minas Gerais Brazil
-
Pocos de Caldas Brazil (1)
-
Quadrilatero Ferrifero (1)
-
-
Para Brazil
-
Carajas mineral province (1)
-
-
Ribeira Belt (1)
-
Santa Catarina Brazil (1)
-
Sao Francisco Craton (1)
-
-
Chile (1)
-
Colombia (1)
-
Dom Feliciano Belt (1)
-
Falkland Islands (2)
-
Parana Basin (3)
-
Patagonia (2)
-
Peru (2)
-
Venezuela (1)
-
-
Southern Hemisphere (2)
-
Southern Ocean
-
Weddell Sea (1)
-
-
Sydney Basin (1)
-
Table Mountain (2)
-
United States
-
Alaska
-
Fairbanks District (1)
-
Nunivak Island (1)
-
-
Arizona
-
Yavapai County Arizona (1)
-
-
Arkansas
-
Garland County Arkansas (1)
-
-
California
-
Monterey County California
-
Parkfield California (2)
-
-
-
Colorado
-
Weld County Colorado (1)
-
-
Colorado Plateau (3)
-
Eastern U.S. (1)
-
Florida (1)
-
Hawaii (1)
-
Illinois (1)
-
Kansas (1)
-
Massachusetts (1)
-
Michigan
-
Michigan Upper Peninsula
-
Ontonagon County Michigan (1)
-
-
-
Minnesota
-
Duluth Complex (1)
-
-
Montana (3)
-
Navajo Indian Reservation (1)
-
Nebraska (1)
-
Nevada
-
Nye County Nevada (1)
-
-
New Mexico
-
Dona Ana County New Mexico (1)
-
Jornada del Muerto (1)
-
Sierra County New Mexico (1)
-
-
North Carolina (1)
-
Ohio (2)
-
Oklahoma (4)
-
Oregon (1)
-
Pennsylvania (3)
-
South Carolina (1)
-
Texas (6)
-
Utah (2)
-
West Virginia (1)
-
Western U.S. (1)
-
Wyoming (1)
-
Yellowstone National Park (1)
-
-
USSR (5)
-
White Pine Mine (1)
-
-
commodities
-
aggregate (2)
-
andalusite deposits (1)
-
asbestos deposits (4)
-
barite deposits (2)
-
bitumens (5)
-
brines (5)
-
ceramic materials (2)
-
clay deposits (1)
-
coal deposits (4)
-
construction materials
-
building stone (1)
-
dimension stone (1)
-
-
diamond deposits (40)
-
energy sources (6)
-
feldspar deposits (2)
-
gems (10)
-
glass materials (2)
-
granite deposits (1)
-
gravel deposits (2)
-
heavy mineral deposits (5)
-
industrial minerals (6)
-
kaolin deposits (2)
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (3)
-
arsenic ores (4)
-
base metals (28)
-
beryllium ores (1)
-
bismuth ores (2)
-
chromite ores (24)
-
cobalt ores (4)
-
copper ores (53)
-
gold ores (130)
-
iridium ores (1)
-
iron ores (23)
-
lead ores (23)
-
lead-zinc deposits (14)
-
manganese ores (38)
-
molybdenum ores (4)
-
nickel ores (27)
-
niobium ores (1)
-
palladium ores (2)
-
platinum ores (89)
-
polymetallic ores (7)
-
pyrite ores (2)
-
rare earth deposits (3)
-
silver ores (14)
-
tantalum ores (1)
-
thorium ores (2)
-
tin ores (12)
-
titanium ores (7)
-
tungsten ores (6)
-
uranium ores (43)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (30)
-
zirconium ores (1)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (220)
-
mineral exploration (82)
-
mineral resources (14)
-
monazite deposits (2)
-
nonmetal deposits (1)
-
oil and gas fields (7)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
shale gas (12)
-
-
-
phosphate deposits (3)
-
placers
-
stream placers (1)
-
-
sand deposits (1)
-
strategic minerals (1)
-
water resources (10)
-
zeolite deposits (1)
-
zircon deposits (2)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
boron (1)
-
carbon
-
C-13 (3)
-
C-13/C-12 (41)
-
C-14 (4)
-
organic carbon (6)
-
-
chemical ratios (16)
-
halogens
-
bromine (1)
-
chlorine
-
chloride ion (2)
-
Cl-36 (1)
-
-
fluorine
-
fluoride ion (1)
-
-
iodine (1)
-
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (14)
-
deuterium (3)
-
tritium (1)
-
-
isotope ratios (102)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (3)
-
Be-10 (7)
-
C-14 (4)
-
Cl-36 (1)
-
Os-187/Os-186 (3)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
tritium (1)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (2)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13 (3)
-
C-13/C-12 (41)
-
D/H (14)
-
deuterium (3)
-
He-3 (3)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
N-15 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
O-16 (1)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-18 (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (45)
-
Os-187/Os-186 (3)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (8)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
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Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
S-32 (1)
-
S-33 (2)
-
S-33/S-32 (2)
-
S-34 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (16)
-
S-36 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
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Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
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U-238/Pb-206 (2)
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Lu/Hf (6)
-
metals
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actinides
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thorium (1)
-
uranium
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
U-238/U-234 (2)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium (2)
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
-
sodium (4)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (2)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (7)
-
-
calcium
-
Sr/Ca (1)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg-26/Mg-24 (1)
-
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (3)
-
Sr/Ca (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (3)
-
-
antimony (3)
-
arsenic (4)
-
chromium (9)
-
cobalt (5)
-
copper (9)
-
gold (21)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (3)
-
-
iron
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ferric iron (4)
-
ferrous iron (4)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (3)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (3)
-
U-238/Pb-206 (2)
-
-
manganese (16)
-
mercury (1)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (11)
-
niobium (2)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (8)
-
iridium ores (1)
-
osmium
-
Os-187/Os-186 (3)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (8)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
palladium (16)
-
palladium ores (2)
-
platinum (18)
-
platinum ores (89)
-
rhodium (6)
-
ruthenium (4)
-
-
precious metals (11)
-
rare earths
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cerium (5)
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europium (3)
-
holmium (1)
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lanthanum (1)
-
lutetium (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (7)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (1)
-
-
scandium (1)
-
terbium (1)
-
ytterbium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
silver (3)
-
tantalum (1)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (12)
-
tungsten (2)
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (5)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (1)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon (1)
-
helium
-
He-3 (3)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
-
radon (1)
-
-
nonmetals (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-16 (1)
-
O-17 (1)
-
O-18 (2)
-
O-18/O-16 (45)
-
-
phosphorus (4)
-
selenium (2)
-
silicon
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-32 (1)
-
S-33 (2)
-
S-33/S-32 (2)
-
S-34 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (16)
-
S-36 (1)
-
-
tellurium (1)
-
trace metals (3)
-
-
fossils
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Archaea (1)
-
bacteria (7)
-
burrows (10)
-
Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Chondrichthyes
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Elasmobranchii (2)
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
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Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
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Labyrinthodontia
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Temnospondyli (4)
-
-
-
Aves
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Neornithes (1)
-
-
Mammalia
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Artiodactyla
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Ruminantia
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Bovidae (1)
-
-
-
Carnivora
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Fissipeda
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Canidae (1)
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Felidae (1)
-
-
-
Cetacea (1)
-
Insectivora (1)
-
Perissodactyla
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Hippomorpha
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Equidae
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Hipparion (1)
-
-
-
-
Primates
-
Hominidae
-
Australopithecinae
-
Australopithecus
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Australopithecus africanus (2)
-
-
-
-
simians
-
Cercopithecidae (2)
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
Rodentia (1)
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Ungulata (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Cotylosauria (1)
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Testudines
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Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia (3)
-
dinosaurs
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Ornithischia (2)
-
Saurischia
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Sauropodomorpha
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Sauropoda (1)
-
-
Theropoda (2)
-
-
-
Pterosauria (1)
-
Thecodontia
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Aetosauria (2)
-
-
-
Eosuchia (1)
-
Lepidosauria
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Rhynchocephalia (1)
-
Squamata (2)
-
-
Rhynchosauria (1)
-
-
Synapsida
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Pelycosauria (1)
-
Therapsida
-
Cynodontia (8)
-
Dicynodontia
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Lystrosaurus (12)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cloudina (1)
-
cyanobacteria (2)
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fossil man (1)
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fungi (2)
-
Graptolithina (1)
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ichnofossils
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Planolites (1)
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Skolithos (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
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Chelicerata
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Merostomata
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Eurypterida (1)
-
-
-
Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Cirripedia (1)
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
Ostracoda (2)
-
-
Insecta
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Pterygota
-
Neoptera
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Endopterygota
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Hymenoptera (1)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Isoptera (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Phacopida (1)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
-
Articulata
-
Rhynchonellida (1)
-
-
Inarticulata (2)
-
-
Bryozoa
-
Trepostomata (1)
-
-
Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (1)
-
Scyphozoa
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Conulariida (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Asterozoa
-
Stelleroidea
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Ophiuroidea (2)
-
-
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
Homalozoa
-
Stylophora (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (5)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (2)
-
-
Nautiloidea (1)
-
-
Gastropoda (4)
-
Tentaculitida (1)
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
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Globigerinacea (1)
-
Orbitoidacea
-
Discocyclina (1)
-
-
Rotaliacea
-
Miogypsinidae (1)
-
-
-
-
Radiolaria (1)
-
-
Vermes
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Annelida (1)
-
scolecodonts (1)
-
-
-
lichens (1)
-
Metazoa (3)
-
microfossils
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Chitinozoa (2)
-
Conodonta (3)
-
problematic microfossils (1)
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scolecodonts (1)
-
-
palynomorphs
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acritarchs (2)
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Chitinozoa (2)
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Dinoflagellata (1)
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megaspores (1)
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miospores
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pollen (6)
-
-
-
Plantae
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algae
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calcareous algae (1)
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Chlorophyta (2)
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diatoms (1)
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nannofossils (2)
-
-
Bryophyta (2)
-
Pteridophyta
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Filicopsida (1)
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Lycopsida (1)
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Sphenopsida (1)
-
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
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Monocotyledoneae
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Gramineae (2)
-
-
-
Gymnospermae
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Coniferae (1)
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Coniferales (4)
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Cycadales (2)
-
Ginkgoales
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Ginkgo (1)
-
-
Glossopteridales
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Gangamopteris (1)
-
Glossopteris
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Glossopteris flora (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (1)
-
-
thallophytes (8)
-
tracks (6)
-
trails (3)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (4)
-
Ar/Ar (26)
-
exposure age (1)
-
fission-track dating (3)
-
K/Ar (9)
-
Lu/Hf (6)
-
optically stimulated luminescence (3)
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paleomagnetism (33)
-
Pb/Pb (28)
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Pb/Th (1)
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radiation damage (2)
-
Rb/Sr (27)
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Re/Os (9)
-
Sm/Nd (16)
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Sr/Sr (4)
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Th/U (3)
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thermochronology (2)
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tree rings (1)
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U/Pb (115)
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U/Th/Pb (6)
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uranium disequilibrium (1)
-
-
geologic age
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Anthropocene (2)
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Cenozoic
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Blancan (1)
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Quaternary
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Holocene
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lower Holocene (1)
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middle Holocene (1)
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Neoglacial (1)
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upper Holocene (1)
-
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Pleistocene
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lower Pleistocene (3)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
-
upper Pleistocene
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Weichselian
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upper Weichselian
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Younger Dryas (1)
-
-
-
Wurm (1)
-
-
-
upper Quaternary (15)
-
-
Stone Age
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Paleolithic
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Acheulian (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (4)
-
middle Tertiary (2)
-
Neogene
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Miocene
-
lower Miocene
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Aquitanian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene (2)
-
upper Miocene (2)
-
-
Pliocene
-
lower Pliocene (4)
-
middle Pliocene (1)
-
upper Pliocene (3)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Villafranchian (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (3)
-
Aptian (1)
-
Valanginian (2)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (15)
-
Ferrar Group (6)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (3)
-
lower Liassic (2)
-
middle Liassic (2)
-
Pliensbachian (4)
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Toarcian
-
lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
upper Liassic (3)
-
-
Middle Jurassic (4)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Volgian (1)
-
-
-
Triassic
-
Fremouw Formation (1)
-
Lower Triassic
-
Olenekian (2)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (20)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
Narrabeen Group (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Keuper (1)
-
Molteno Formation (13)
-
Norian (1)
-
Rhaetian (1)
-
Stormberg Series (9)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
MIS 2 (2)
-
MIS 3 (2)
-
MIS 5 (3)
-
MIS 6 (4)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Terreneuvian
-
Fortunian (1)
-
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Burgess Shale (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Albert Formation (1)
-
Lower Carboniferous
-
Dinantian (1)
-
-
Middle Carboniferous (1)
-
Mississippian
-
Lower Mississippian
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Tournaisian (1)
-
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Upper Pennsylvanian (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (3)
-
Siegenian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (4)
-
Givetian (2)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Famennian (1)
-
Frasnian (1)
-
-
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (9)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (6)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (7)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (47)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (4)
-
Roadian (1)
-
Wordian (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Kungurian (3)
-
-
Wolfcampian
-
Hueco Limestone (1)
-
-
-
Middle Permian (9)
-
Upper Permian
-
Lopingian
-
Changhsingian (1)
-
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (20)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (12)
-
Whitehill Formation (11)
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Rhuddanian (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (43)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (11)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Fig Tree Group (8)
-
J-M Reef (2)
-
Kromberg Formation (2)
-
Mesoarchean (11)
-
Neoarchean
-
Amitsoq Gneiss (1)
-
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (5)
-
-
Swaziland Supergroup (3)
-
Warrawoona Group (2)
-
-
Brockman Iron Formation (3)
-
Central Rand Group (29)
-
Fortescue Group (2)
-
Hadean (3)
-
Hamersley Group (6)
-
Onverwacht Group (13)
-
Pongola Supergroup (6)
-
Prince Albert Group (2)
-
Stillwater Complex (7)
-
Swaziland Sequence (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (68)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Damara System (9)
-
Great Oxidation Event (2)
-
Huronian (3)
-
Malmani Subgroup (10)
-
Mesoproterozoic (44)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Ediacaran (15)
-
Vendian (7)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (1)
-
Rooiberg Group (7)
-
Rustenburg Layered Suite (13)
-
Siderian (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (14)
-
Wolkberg Group (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (39)
-
Waterberg System (9)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (58)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites
-
sovite (1)
-
-
feldspathoid rocks (3)
-
granophyre (9)
-
hypabyssal rocks (2)
-
kimberlite (98)
-
peperite (1)
-
picrite (5)
-
plutonic rocks
-
alnoite (1)
-
anorthosite
-
gabbroic anorthosite (1)
-
-
diabase (36)
-
diorites
-
ferrodiorite (2)
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (2)
-
-
trondhjemite (4)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (14)
-
olivine gabbro (1)
-
troctolite (3)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alkali granites (3)
-
aplite (2)
-
charnockite (6)
-
felsite (2)
-
I-type granites (2)
-
leucogranite (4)
-
microgranite (2)
-
monzogranite (1)
-
rapakivi (2)
-
S-type granites (3)
-
-
granodiorites (7)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (4)
-
lamprophyres (4)
-
pegmatite (29)
-
sovite (1)
-
syenites
-
albitite (1)
-
bostonite (1)
-
nepheline syenite
-
foyaite (3)
-
lujavrite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (1)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (49)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (14)
-
garnet lherzolite (2)
-
garnet peridotite (2)
-
harzburgite (16)
-
lherzolite (8)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
orthopyroxenite
-
bronzitite (1)
-
-
websterite (3)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (2)
-
volcanic rocks
-
adakites (1)
-
andesites
-
boninite (2)
-
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts
-
trachybasalts (1)
-
-
flood basalts (13)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (6)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (3)
-
-
dacites (2)
-
glasses (2)
-
komatiite (13)
-
melilitite (2)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (3)
-
pyroclastics
-
hyaloclastite (1)
-
ignimbrite (4)
-
pumice (1)
-
tuff (10)
-
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (4)
-
-
trachyandesites (1)
-
trachytes (4)
-
-
-
ophiolite (6)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (11)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (19)
-
garnetite (1)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (2)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
-
granulites (18)
-
hornfels (3)
-
impactites
-
impact breccia
-
lunar breccia (1)
-
-
-
marbles (2)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (3)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metaconglomerate (3)
-
metagraywacke (1)
-
metapelite (7)
-
metasiltstone (1)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
serpentinite (3)
-
skarn (4)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (7)
-
migmatites (2)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (15)
-
-
quartzites (23)
-
schists
-
greenstone (15)
-
-
slates (2)
-
-
ophiolite (6)
-
turbidite (17)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
ordinary chondrites
-
L chondrites (2)
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
electrum (1)
-
kamacite (1)
-
taenite (1)
-
-
amosite (1)
-
antimonides (1)
-
arsenates (1)
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (2)
-
safflorite (1)
-
sperrylite (5)
-
-
bismuthides
-
froodite (1)
-
michenerite (3)
-
-
borates (3)
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (3)
-
aragonite (2)
-
calcite (15)
-
cancrinite (1)
-
dolomite (7)
-
hydrotalcite (2)
-
ikaite (1)
-
pyroaurite (2)
-
rhodochrosite (1)
-
siderite (5)
-
witherite (1)
-
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
eudialyte (2)
-
halite (2)
-
-
fluorides
-
fluorite (3)
-
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
hydrates (2)
-
manganese minerals (3)
-
minerals (74)
-
native elements
-
diamond (21)
-
graphite (4)
-
-
organic minerals
-
amber (2)
-
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (5)
-
bixbyite (3)
-
brannerite (2)
-
brucite (1)
-
cassiterite (11)
-
chrome spinel (2)
-
chromite (15)
-
corundum (1)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
franklinite (1)
-
gahnite (2)
-
goethite (1)
-
hausmannite (7)
-
hematite (15)
-
heterogenite (1)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (2)
-
-
ilmenite (21)
-
iron oxides (8)
-
jacobsite (1)
-
leucoxene (1)
-
lithiophorite (2)
-
magnesioferrite (1)
-
magnetite (31)
-
manganese oxides (3)
-
manganite (2)
-
martite (1)
-
perovskite (6)
-
pitchblende (1)
-
pyrophanite (2)
-
ramsdellite (1)
-
rutile (11)
-
spinel (13)
-
spinel group (4)
-
titanium oxides (4)
-
titanomaghemite (1)
-
titanomagnetite (4)
-
todorokite (2)
-
trevorite (2)
-
uraninite (7)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (14)
-
britholite (1)
-
chlorapatite (1)
-
monazite (8)
-
xenotime (2)
-
-
platinum minerals (23)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (2)
-
asbestos (3)
-
borosilicates (3)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
actinolite (2)
-
crocidolite (4)
-
edenite (1)
-
hornblende (3)
-
pargasite (2)
-
richterite (3)
-
riebeckite (2)
-
tremolite (2)
-
tschermakite (2)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
gedrite (1)
-
holmquistite (1)
-
-
-
bavenite (1)
-
jade (1)
-
plancheite (1)
-
prehnite (3)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (4)
-
aegirine-augite (1)
-
augite (2)
-
chrome diopside (1)
-
diopside (4)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
omphacite (2)
-
pigeonite (2)
-
spodumene (3)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (3)
-
hypersthene (1)
-
-
-
tobermorite (3)
-
wollastonite group
-
pectolite (5)
-
wollastonite (4)
-
-
xonotlite (1)
-
-
framework silicates
-
cancrinite (1)
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (2)
-
microcline (4)
-
perthite (1)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (2)
-
anorthite (2)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (1)
-
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
coesite (2)
-
quartz (27)
-
stishovite (1)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (2)
-
stilbite (1)
-
-
-
magnesian silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (1)
-
braunite (6)
-
britholite group
-
britholite (1)
-
-
chloritoid (1)
-
datolite group
-
datolite (2)
-
-
garnet group
-
almandine (3)
-
andradite (2)
-
grossular (3)
-
hydrogarnet
-
hydrogrossular (1)
-
-
majorite (3)
-
pyrope (5)
-
spessartine (2)
-
uvarovite (1)
-
-
grandidierite (1)
-
kyanite (2)
-
mullite (1)
-
olivine group
-
fayalite (1)
-
forsterite (3)
-
olivine (15)
-
ringwoodite (1)
-
-
sillimanite (4)
-
staurolite (1)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (5)
-
-
zircon group
-
coffinite (2)
-
thorite (1)
-
zircon (75)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
barylite (1)
-
bertrandite (1)
-
epidote group
-
allanite (1)
-
epidote (2)
-
-
kornerupine (1)
-
melilite group
-
melilite (1)
-
-
vesuvianite (5)
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
beryl (1)
-
cordierite (2)
-
emerald (1)
-
eudialyte (2)
-
milarite group
-
osumilite (2)
-
-
tourmaline group (1)
-
-
sheet silicates
-
apophyllite (1)
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (5)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (8)
-
smectite (7)
-
vermiculite (2)
-
-
gillespite (1)
-
gyrolite (1)
-
illite (7)
-
margarite (2)
-
mica group
-
biotite (11)
-
glauconite (1)
-
muscovite (9)
-
paragonite (1)
-
phlogopite (18)
-
-
pyrophyllite (3)
-
rectorite (1)
-
sepiolite (1)
-
serpentine group
-
antigorite (1)
-
chrysotile (3)
-
cronstedtite (1)
-
lizardite (1)
-
serpentine (3)
-
-
stilpnomelane (3)
-
talc (2)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
barite (3)
-
ettringite (3)
-
gypsum (1)
-
jarosite (1)
-
natroalunite (2)
-
-
sulfides
-
argentite (1)
-
arsenopyrite (2)
-
bornite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (9)
-
cooperite (5)
-
copper sulfides (4)
-
galena (7)
-
iron sulfides (3)
-
joseite (1)
-
laurite (5)
-
mackinawite (5)
-
millerite (1)
-
molybdenite (2)
-
nickel sulfides (4)
-
pentlandite (5)
-
pyrite (13)
-
pyrrhotite (9)
-
siegenite (1)
-
sphalerite (5)
-
troilite (3)
-
-
sulfosalts (1)
-
tellurides
-
altaite (1)
-
joseite (1)
-
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (2)
-
-
ultrabasite (2)
-
vanadates (2)
-
wehrlite (2)
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (198)
-
academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
Afar (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (3)
-
Congo (4)
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Gabon (3)
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (1)
-
Ethiopia (5)
-
Ethiopian Rift (1)
-
Kenya (4)
-
Malawi (2)
-
Mozambique (12)
-
Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania (5)
-
Uganda (4)
-
Zambia (4)
-
-
East African Rift (10)
-
Kalahari Desert (33)
-
Lebombo Mountains (1)
-
Limpopo Basin (9)
-
Limpopo Belt (27)
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (1)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Egypt
-
Nile Delta (1)
-
-
Libya (1)
-
Morocco
-
Rif
-
Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (29)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (2)
-
-
Gariep Belt (10)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (109)
-
Kalahari Craton (5)
-
Karoo Basin (203)
-
Lesotho (45)
-
Namaqualand (60)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (34)
-
Namibia
-
Luderitz Namibia (2)
-
-
Orange River (27)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (212)
-
Cape fold belt (38)
-
Cape Province region (153)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa
-
Cape Town South Africa (15)
-
Molteno South Africa (1)
-
Port Elizabeth South Africa (5)
-
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (60)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa
-
Johannesburg South Africa (16)
-
Pretoria South Africa (8)
-
Swartkrans Cave (2)
-
-
Klerksdorp Field (11)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (3)
-
Zululand (1)
-
-
Limpopo South Africa (3)
-
Merensky Reef (54)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (9)
-
Barberton South Africa (3)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (5)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (24)
-
Postmasburg South Africa (11)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (7)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (5)
-
Transvaal region (295)
-
Vaal River (7)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa
-
Knysna South Africa (1)
-
Langebaanweg South Africa (5)
-
-
Witwatersrand (128)
-
-
Swaziland (11)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (2)
-
Great Dyke (3)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Benin (3)
-
Cameroon (2)
-
Chad (1)
-
Gambia (1)
-
Ghana (5)
-
Guinea
-
-
-