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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (8)
-
Botswana (1)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (11)
-
South Africa
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
Witwatersrand (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Liberia (1)
-
-
Zimbabwe Craton (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
North China Platform (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Sumatra (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (2)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Caribbean Sea (1)
-
-
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Arunta Block (1)
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia
-
Pine Creek Geosyncline (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Earaheedy Basin (1)
-
Eastern Goldfields (2)
-
Gascoyne Complex (2)
-
Hamersley Basin (34)
-
Hamersley Province (3)
-
Hamersley Range (4)
-
North Pole Deposit (1)
-
Pilbara (7)
-
Pilbara Craton (92)
-
Wittenoom Gorge (1)
-
Yilgarn (2)
-
Yilgarn Craton (11)
-
-
-
New Zealand (2)
-
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
-
-
Commonwealth of Independent States
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (2)
-
-
-
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps
-
Lepontine Alps (1)
-
-
-
Central Europe
-
Switzerland (1)
-
-
Tauern Window (1)
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (2)
-
-
-
Western Europe (1)
-
-
Jack Hills (1)
-
North America
-
Canadian Shield
-
Slave Province (1)
-
Superior Province (2)
-
-
-
North Island (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
Central Pacific (1)
-
East Pacific
-
East Pacific Rise (1)
-
-
-
Shark Bay (1)
-
South America
-
Brazil
-
Minas Gerais Brazil (1)
-
Para Brazil
-
Carajas mineral province (1)
-
-
-
-
South Island (1)
-
United States
-
California
-
Northern California (1)
-
-
Klamath Mountains (1)
-
Maine (1)
-
Minnesota (1)
-
Yellowstone National Park (1)
-
-
-
commodities
-
barite deposits (2)
-
bitumens (3)
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
gems (1)
-
glass materials (1)
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
base metals (2)
-
cobalt ores (2)
-
copper ores (9)
-
gold ores (13)
-
iron ores (18)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (2)
-
nickel ores (4)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (3)
-
tin ores (3)
-
titanium ores (1)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (31)
-
mineral exploration (6)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (1)
-
-
placers (1)
-
-
elements, isotopes
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (9)
-
C-14 (1)
-
organic carbon (3)
-
-
chemical elements (1)
-
chemical ratios (2)
-
halogens
-
bromine (1)
-
chlorine (1)
-
-
hydrogen (1)
-
isotope ratios (19)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (9)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (4)
-
Si-30 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
copper (1)
-
gold (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
nickel (2)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
-
precious metals (1)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (1)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
-
samarium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
titanium (1)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
-
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
-
phosphorus (2)
-
selenium (1)
-
silicon
-
Si-30 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-34/S-32 (4)
-
-
-
fossils
-
bacteria (2)
-
cyanobacteria (2)
-
ichnofossils (1)
-
microfossils
-
problematic microfossils (2)
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (2)
-
-
trails (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (1)
-
Ar/Ar (4)
-
K/Ar (2)
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
Pb/Pb (6)
-
Pb/Th (1)
-
Re/Os (1)
-
Sm/Nd (4)
-
U/Pb (20)
-
U/Th/Pb (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Karmutsen Group (1)
-
-
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Sylvania Formation (1)
-
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (1)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Eoarchean (1)
-
Kromberg Formation (1)
-
Mesoarchean (8)
-
Neoarchean (20)
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (1)
-
-
Warrawoona Group (13)
-
-
Brockman Iron Formation (6)
-
Fortescue Group (8)
-
Hadean (3)
-
Hamersley Group (11)
-
Onverwacht Group (3)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (5)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Great Oxidation Event (2)
-
Mesoproterozoic (2)
-
Neoproterozoic (1)
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Siderian (1)
-
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (1)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (1)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
granophyre (1)
-
kimberlite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (1)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
granites (8)
-
granodiorites (1)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (1)
-
pegmatite (3)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
komatiite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
rhyolite tuff (1)
-
tuff (3)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
eclogite (1)
-
impactites (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (2)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks (7)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (5)
-
quartzites (1)
-
schists
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
turbidite (2)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
enstatite chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
electrum (1)
-
-
arsenides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (1)
-
nahcolite (1)
-
siderite (2)
-
-
iron minerals (2)
-
minerals (6)
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (2)
-
cassiterite (1)
-
chromite (1)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
goethite (2)
-
hematite (16)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (1)
-
-
iron oxides (4)
-
magnetite (3)
-
martite (2)
-
niobates (2)
-
rutile (1)
-
tantalates
-
tantalite (1)
-
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
uraninite (1)
-
zirconolite (1)
-
-
phosphates
-
apatite (4)
-
monazite (4)
-
rhabdophane (1)
-
xenotime (3)
-
-
silicates
-
asbestos (1)
-
chain silicates
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
crocidolite (1)
-
hornblende (2)
-
richterite (1)
-
riebeckite (1)
-
-
-
prehnite (1)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
augite (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (1)
-
-
plagioclase
-
albite (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
jasper (1)
-
quartz (3)
-
-
-
iron silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
olivine group
-
olivine (1)
-
-
titanite group
-
titanite (2)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (12)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
epidote (2)
-
zoisite (1)
-
-
pumpellyite group
-
pumpellyite (1)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
chlorite group
-
chamosite (1)
-
chlorite (2)
-
-
illite (1)
-
mica group
-
muscovite (2)
-
-
sericite (1)
-
serpentine group (2)
-
stilpnomelane (1)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
barite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
arsenopyrite (1)
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (1)
-
cobaltite (1)
-
galena (1)
-
pyrite (4)
-
pyrrhotite (1)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (27)
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (8)
-
Botswana (1)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (11)
-
South Africa
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
-
Transvaal region (1)
-
Witwatersrand (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Liberia (1)
-
-
Zimbabwe Craton (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
West Greenland (1)
-
-
-
Asia
-
Far East
-
China
-
North China Platform (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Sumatra (1)
-
-
Japan
-
Honshu
-
Ryoke Belt (1)
-
-
-
Philippine Islands (1)
-
-
Indian Peninsula
-
India (2)
-
-
-
asteroids (1)
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
Caribbean Sea (1)
-
-
-
atmosphere (2)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Arunta Block (1)
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia
-
Pine Creek Geosyncline (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Earaheedy Basin (1)
-
Eastern Goldfields (2)
-
Gascoyne Complex (2)
-
Hamersley Basin (34)
-
Hamersley Province (3)
-
Hamersley Range (4)
-
North Pole Deposit (1)
-
Pilbara (7)
-
Pilbara Craton (92)
-
Wittenoom Gorge (1)
-
Yilgarn (2)
-
Yilgarn Craton (11)
-
-
-
New Zealand (2)
-
-
bacteria (2)
-
barite deposits (2)
-
bitumens (3)
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
British Columbia
-
Vancouver Island (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (9)
-
C-14 (1)
-
organic carbon (3)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Paleogene
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
climate change (2)
-
continental drift (3)
-
crust (16)
-
crystal chemistry (4)
-
crystal growth (4)
-
crystal structure (3)
-
dams (1)
-
data processing (3)
-
deformation (6)
-
diagenesis (11)
-
diamond deposits (1)
-
earthquakes (1)
-
economic geology (7)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps
-
Lepontine Alps (1)
-
-
-
Central Europe
-
Switzerland (1)
-
-
Tauern Window (1)
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (2)
-
-
-
Western Europe (1)
-
-
faults (15)
-
folds (7)
-
foliation (2)
-
foundations (1)
-
fractures (1)
-
gems (1)
-
geochemistry (33)
-
geophysical methods (2)
-
heat flow (2)
-
hydrogen (1)
-
ichnofossils (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (1)
-
granophyre (1)
-
kimberlite (2)
-
plutonic rocks
-
diabase (2)
-
diorites
-
tonalite (1)
-
trondhjemite (1)
-
-
granites (8)
-
granodiorites (1)
-
lamproite (1)
-
lamprophyres (1)
-
pegmatite (3)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
flood basalts (1)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (2)
-
ocean-island basalts (1)
-
-
komatiite (1)
-
pyroclastics
-
rhyolite tuff (1)
-
tuff (3)
-
-
rhyolites (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (7)
-
-
intrusions (15)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-36 (1)
-
C-13/C-12 (9)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (8)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
S-34/S-32 (4)
-
Si-30 (1)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
lava (2)
-
magmas (5)
-
mantle (3)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Smartville Complex (1)
-
-
Triassic
-
Upper Triassic
-
Karmutsen Group (1)
-
-
-
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (1)
-
base metals (2)
-
cobalt ores (2)
-
copper ores (9)
-
gold ores (13)
-
iron ores (18)
-
lead-zinc deposits (2)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (1)
-
molybdenum ores (2)
-
nickel ores (4)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
polymetallic ores (2)
-
silver ores (1)
-
tantalum ores (3)
-
tin ores (3)
-
titanium ores (1)
-
vanadium ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
metals
-
alkali metals
-
potassium (1)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
magnesium (1)
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
arsenic (1)
-
copper (1)
-
gold (1)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (2)
-
-
iron
-
ferric iron (1)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
nickel (2)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (2)
-
-
precious metals (1)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (1)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (3)
-
-
samarium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
titanium (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (1)
-
eclogite (1)
-
impactites (1)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (1)
-
metabasite (2)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
metaperidotite (1)
-
-
metaplutonic rocks (1)
-
metasedimentary rocks (7)
-
metasomatic rocks
-
greisen (1)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (5)
-
quartzites (1)
-
schists
-
greenstone (1)
-
-
-
metamorphism (18)
-
metasomatism (18)
-
meteorites
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
enstatite chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (31)
-
mineral exploration (6)
-
mineralogy (5)
-
minerals (6)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (2)
-
Moon (1)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (2)
-
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Is the Mesoarchean Mulgandinnah shear zone, Pilbara Craton, the world's oldest arc-slicing transform fault? Available to Purchase
Earth’s Earliest Crust Available to Purchase
Archean Cratons: Time Capsules of the Early Earth Open Access
Multi-element geochemical analyses on ultrafine soils in Western Australia – towards establishing abundance ranges in mineral exploration settings Open Access
Hematite geochronology reveals a tectonic trigger for iron ore mineralization during Nuna breakup Available to Purchase
Did transit through the galactic spiral arms seed crust production on the early Earth? Open Access
Linking Archaean climate change with gold metallogeny Open Access
Evidence for Protracted Intracrustal Reworking of Palaeoarchaean Crust in the Pilbara Craton (Mount Edgar Dome, Western Australia) Open Access
Biomarkers in the Precambrian: Earth’s Ancient Sedimentary Record of Life Available to Purchase
Working up an Apatite: Enigmatic Mesoarchean Hydrothermal Cu-Co-Au Mineralization in the Pilbara Craton Available to Purchase
A levee breach induced by internal erosion in Western Australia Available to Purchase
Rhabdophane Th-Pb ages indicate reactivation of Mesoarchean structures in west Pilbara Craton during breakup of Greater India and Australia-Antarctica Available to Purchase
Sedimentation across the Paraburdoo spherule layer: Implications for the Neoarchean Earth system Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT Large bolide impacts in the Phanerozoic produced global change identifiable in the postimpact sediments. Aside from a few isolated examples, however, evidence of postimpact change associated with Precambrian impacts is sparse. This study used the Neoarchean Paraburdoo spherule layer as a case study to search for impact-induced change in the sediments above the spherule layer. We found possible minor sedimentary changes that may have been due to either a disturbance by bottom currents or changing diagenetic conditions. Contrary to the trends found with several post–Great Oxidation Event large bolide impacts, we found no evidence of shifts in tectonic regime, sediment weathering and deposition, or paleoenvironment induced by the Paraburdoo spherule layer impact, for which the impactor is estimated to have been approximately three times larger than the Cretaceous–Paleogene bolide. This lack of a clear signal of climatic shift may be due to one or more mechanisms. Either the Paraburdoo spherule layer’s deposition in several-hundred-meter-deep water within the Hamersley Basin of Western Australia was too deep to accumulate and record observable changes, or the Neoarchean’s high-CO 2 atmospheric composition acted as a threshold below which the introduction of more impact-produced gases would not have produced the expected climatic and weathering changes. We also report minor traces of elevated iron and arsenic concentrations in the sediments immediately above the Paraburdoo spherule layer, consistent with trends observed above other distal impact deposits, as well as distinctive layers of hematite nodules bracketing the spherule layer. These geochemical changes may record ocean overturn of the Neoarchean stratified water column, which brought slightly oxygenated waters to depth, consistent with the observation of tsunami deposits in shallower impact deposits and/or heating of the global oceans by tens to hundreds of degrees Celsius in the wake of the Paraburdoo spherule layer impact. Either or both of these mechanisms in addition to impact-induced shallow-water ocean evaporation may also have caused a massive die-off of microbes, which also would have produced a postimpact increase in iron and arsenic concentrations.