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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Afar (2)
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Cape Verde Islands (1)
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Central Africa
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Angola
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Cabinda Angola (1)
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Cuanza Basin (1)
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Central African Republic (3)
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Congo (5)
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Congo Democratic Republic
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Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
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Equatorial Guinea (2)
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Gabon
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Oklo (1)
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Congo Basin (1)
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Congo Craton (17)
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East Africa
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Afar Depression (2)
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Ethiopia (6)
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Ethiopian Rift (2)
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Kenya (5)
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Malawi (2)
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Mozambique (12)
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Somali Republic (1)
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Sudan (1)
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Tanzania (6)
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East African Rift (15)
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Madagascar
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Mozambique Belt (1)
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North Africa
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Egypt (1)
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Libya (1)
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Morocco
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Rif
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Beni Bouchera (1)
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Sahara (2)
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Southern Africa
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Barberton greenstone belt (34)
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Botswana
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Okavango Delta (10)
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Gariep Belt (13)
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Kaapvaal Craton (160)
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Kalahari Craton (16)
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Karoo Basin (67)
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Lesotho (17)
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Namaqualand (45)
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Namaqualand metamorphic complex (27)
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Walvis Bay (2)
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Windhoek Namibia (5)
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Orange River (20)
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South Africa
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Bushveld Complex (22)
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Cape fold belt (3)
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Cape Province region (31)
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Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
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Free State South Africa
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Vredefort Dome (5)
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Gauteng South Africa (2)
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Klerksdorp Field (2)
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KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
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Durban South Africa (1)
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Merensky Reef (1)
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Mpumalanga South Africa
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Barberton Mountain Land (1)
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Barberton South Africa (1)
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Murchison greenstone belt (6)
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Northern Cape Province South Africa
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Kimberley South Africa (23)
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Postmasburg South Africa (12)
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North-West Province South Africa
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Ventersdorp South Africa (1)
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Sutherland South Africa (1)
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Transvaal region (17)
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Vaal River (4)
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Western Cape Province South Africa (2)
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Witwatersrand (12)
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Swaziland (14)
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Zimbabwe
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Belingwe greenstone belt (2)
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Great Dyke (1)
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Kariba Zimbabwe (1)
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West Africa
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Benin (3)
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Cameroon (2)
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Chad (1)
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Gambia (1)
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Ghana (4)
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Guinea (1)
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Ivory Coast (5)
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Liberia (2)
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Mali (2)
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Mauritania (2)
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Niger (3)
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Nigeria (4)
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Sierra Leone (2)
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Togo (1)
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West African Shield (1)
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Zambezi Valley (1)
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Zimbabwe Craton (14)
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Antarctica
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East Antarctica (4)
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Queen Maud Land (4)
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Transantarctic Mountains
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Pensacola Mountains
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Victoria Land (2)
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Arctic Ocean
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Asia
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Central Asia
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Kazakhstan
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Far East
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China
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Ghats
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Pakistan (4)
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Transbaikalia (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Atlantic Ocean
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge (3)
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North Atlantic
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Northwest Atlantic
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South Atlantic
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Brazil Basin (1)
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Espirito Santo Basin (2)
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West Atlantic (1)
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Atlantic Ocean Islands
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Falkland Islands (2)
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Tristan da Cunha (2)
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Atlantic region (3)
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Australasia
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Australia
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Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
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Amadeus Basin (1)
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Broken Hill Block (1)
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Lachlan fold belt (1)
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New South Wales Australia (1)
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Northern Territory Australia (1)
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Queensland Australia
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Cannington Deposit (1)
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Mount Isa Inlier (1)
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South Australia
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Flinders Ranges (1)
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Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
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Tasmania Australia
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Tasmania Basin (1)
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Western Australia
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Argyle Mine (1)
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Capricorn Orogen (1)
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Hamersley Basin (5)
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Pilbara (3)
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Pilbara Craton (12)
-
Yilgarn Craton (6)
-
-
-
New Zealand
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Otago New Zealand
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Kakanui (1)
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-
-
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Bowen Basin (1)
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Broken Hill Mine (4)
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Campos Basin (2)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Maritime Provinces
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Nova Scotia (1)
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador
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Nain Massif (1)
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Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
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Newfoundland
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Avalon Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Ontario
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Algoma District Ontario
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Blind River Ontario (1)
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Wawa Ontario (1)
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-
Sudbury igneous complex (2)
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Timiskaming District Ontario
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Cobalt Ontario (1)
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Quebec
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Monteregian Hills (1)
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Western Canada
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Athabasca Basin (1)
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Canadian Cordillera (1)
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Manitoba (1)
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Northwest Territories
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Lac de Gras (1)
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Saskatchewan
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Key Lake Deposits (1)
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Rabbit Lake Deposit (1)
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-
-
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Central America
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Guatemala (1)
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-
Commonwealth of Independent States
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Caucasus
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Kazakhstan
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Chu-Sarysu Depression (1)
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Karatau Range (1)
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-
Russian Federation
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Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
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Buryat Russian Federation (1)
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Central Urals (1)
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Norilsk region (2)
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-
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
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Khibiny Mountains (2)
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Kola Peninsula (3)
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Lovozero Massif (2)
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Saratov Russian Federation (1)
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Siberian Platform
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Anabar Shield (1)
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Transbaikalia (1)
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Yakutia Russian Federation
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Anabar Shield (1)
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Mir Pipe (1)
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Ukraine
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Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
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Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
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Urals
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Central Urals (1)
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Southern Urals (2)
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Copperbelt (3)
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Death Valley (2)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Hawaii (2)
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Eurasia (1)
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Europe
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Alps
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Swiss Alps
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Western Alps
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Dauphine Alps
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Vercors (1)
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Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
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Baltic region
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Estonia (1)
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Caucasus
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Northern Caucasus (1)
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Central Europe
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Austria (1)
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Black Forest (1)
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Czech Republic
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Bohemia
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Jachymov Czech Republic (1)
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Germany
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Baden-Wurttemberg Germany (2)
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Eifel (1)
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Harz Mountains
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Rammelsberg (1)
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Lower Saxony Germany
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Rammelsberg (1)
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Rhineland-Palatinate Germany (1)
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Saxony Germany
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Schneeberg Germany (1)
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Poland
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Upper Silesia (1)
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Slovakia (1)
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Switzerland
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Swiss Alps
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Central Swiss Alps (1)
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Upper Rhine Graben (1)
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Fennoscandian Shield (1)
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Murmansk Russian Federation
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Khibiny Mountains (2)
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Kola Peninsula (3)
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Lovozero Massif (2)
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Pyrenees
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French Pyrenees (1)
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Rhenish Schiefergebirge
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Eifel (1)
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Saratov Russian Federation (1)
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Southern Europe
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Iberian Peninsula
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Spain
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Ebro Basin (1)
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Italy
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Lombardy Italy
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Sondrio Italy (1)
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Sardinia Italy (1)
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Tuscany Italy (1)
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Venetia (1)
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Veneto Italy
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Romania
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Transylvania
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Bihor Mountains (1)
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Yugoslavia (1)
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Ukraine
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Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
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Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
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Western Europe
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France
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Dauphine Alps
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French Pyrenees (1)
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Iceland (2)
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Scandinavia
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Finland
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Norway
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Sweden (4)
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United Kingdom
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Great Britain
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England
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Scotland
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Highland region Scotland
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Indian Ocean
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Indian Ocean Islands
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Madagascar
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Mauritius (1)
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Jack Hills (2)
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Mediterranean region (2)
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Mexico (5)
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North America
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Appalachians
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Basin and Range Province (1)
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Canadian Shield
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Northern Hemisphere (1)
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Polynesia
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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North Pacific
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South Pacific
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West Pacific
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Brazil
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hydrogen
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-
incompatible elements (1)
-
isotope ratios (96)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (2)
-
Ar-39 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Be-10 (6)
-
C-14 (3)
-
K-40 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
tritium (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
C-13 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (49)
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
D/H (5)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
-
Fe-57/Fe-54 (1)
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (6)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (38)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (2)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (18)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (2)
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium
-
K-40 (1)
-
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
sodium (4)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (6)
-
-
calcium
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (2)
-
-
antimony (1)
-
arsenic (6)
-
bismuth (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (7)
-
cobalt (2)
-
copper (9)
-
gallium (4)
-
germanium (6)
-
gold (10)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
-
Fe-57/Fe-54 (1)
-
ferric iron (6)
-
ferrous iron (5)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (20)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (2)
-
niobium (5)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (2)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum (1)
-
platinum ores (15)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
precious metals (5)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (4)
-
europium (2)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
scandium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
silver (1)
-
tantalum (1)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (6)
-
tungsten (2)
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (12)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (6)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-39 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
-
radon (1)
-
-
nonmetals (1)
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (38)
-
-
phosphorus (3)
-
selenium (2)
-
silicon
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
-
sulfur
-
S-33/S-32 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (18)
-
-
tellurium (1)
-
trace metals (2)
-
-
fossils
-
Archaea (1)
-
bacteria (6)
-
burrows (6)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces (3)
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia
-
Temnospondyli (3)
-
-
-
Aves (1)
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Carnivora
-
Fissipeda
-
Felidae (1)
-
-
-
Hyracoidea (1)
-
Perissodactyla
-
Ceratomorpha
-
Rhinocerotidae (1)
-
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Hipparion (1)
-
-
-
-
Primates
-
Hominidae
-
Australopithecinae
-
Australopithecus
-
Australopithecus africanus (2)
-
-
-
-
simians
-
Cercopithecidae (2)
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
Rodentia (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Cotylosauria (1)
-
Testudines
-
Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia (4)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia (2)
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda (1)
-
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
Pterosauria (1)
-
Thecodontia
-
Aetosauria (2)
-
-
-
Lepidosauria
-
Rhynchocephalia (1)
-
Squamata (2)
-
-
Rhynchosauria (1)
-
-
Synapsida
-
Pelycosauria (1)
-
Therapsida
-
Cynodontia (2)
-
Dicynodontia
-
Lystrosaurus (4)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cloudina (7)
-
cyanobacteria (3)
-
eukaryotes (2)
-
fossil man (1)
-
fungi (2)
-
Graptolithina (1)
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
ichnofossils
-
Skolithos (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Merostomata
-
Eurypterida (1)
-
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Hymenoptera (1)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Isoptera (3)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Phacopida (1)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
-
Articulata (1)
-
Inarticulata (2)
-
-
Bryozoa
-
Trepostomata (1)
-
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Octocorallia (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Asterozoa
-
Stelleroidea
-
Asteroidea (1)
-
-
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (4)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (2)
-
-
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Cassidulinacea
-
Anomalinidae
-
Cibicidoides
-
Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi (2)
-
-
-
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
-
Globigerinoides
-
Globigerinoides ruber (1)
-
-
-
Globorotaliidae
-
Globorotalia
-
Globorotalia inflata (1)
-
-
-
Neogloboquadrina (1)
-
-
Rotaliacea
-
Miogypsinidae (1)
-
-
-
Textulariina (1)
-
-
-
Vermes
-
Annelida
-
Chaetopoda (1)
-
-
-
-
lichens (1)
-
Metazoa (10)
-
microfossils
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
Conodonta (2)
-
problematic microfossils (4)
-
-
palynomorphs
-
acritarchs (2)
-
Chitinozoa (1)
-
Dinoflagellata (3)
-
miospores
-
pollen (9)
-
-
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
calcareous algae (1)
-
Chlorophyta (1)
-
diatoms (4)
-
nannofossils (4)
-
Rhodophyta
-
Corallinaceae (1)
-
-
-
Bryophyta (1)
-
Pteridophyta (1)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Monocotyledoneae
-
Gramineae (1)
-
-
-
Gymnospermae
-
Coniferae (1)
-
Coniferales (1)
-
Dadoxylon (1)
-
Glossopteridales
-
Glossopteris (1)
-
-
-
-
-
problematic fossils
-
problematic microfossils (4)
-
-
thallophytes (11)
-
tracks (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
(U-Th)/He (7)
-
Ar/Ar (29)
-
exposure age (1)
-
fission-track dating (2)
-
K/Ar (4)
-
Lu/Hf (3)
-
optically stimulated luminescence (2)
-
paleomagnetism (24)
-
Pb/Pb (18)
-
Pb/Th (1)
-
radiation damage (2)
-
Rb/Sr (22)
-
Re/Os (10)
-
Sm/Nd (14)
-
Sr/Sr (1)
-
tephrochronology (1)
-
Th/U (2)
-
thermochronology (5)
-
tree rings (1)
-
U/Pb (103)
-
U/Th/Pb (7)
-
uranium disequilibrium (1)
-
-
geologic age
-
Anthropocene (2)
-
Cenozoic
-
Blancan (1)
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
middle Holocene (2)
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (2)
-
upper Pleistocene (4)
-
-
upper Quaternary (15)
-
-
Stone Age (3)
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (2)
-
middle Tertiary (2)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
upper Pliocene (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (4)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Villafranchian (1)
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (4)
-
Aptian (3)
-
Barremian (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Mishash Formation (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (7)
-
Ferrar Group (7)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
lower Liassic (1)
-
middle Liassic (2)
-
Pliensbachian (2)
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Toarcian
-
lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
upper Liassic (3)
-
-
Middle Jurassic (4)
-
Upper Jurassic (3)
-
-
Serra Geral Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Olenekian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (10)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
Mole Granite (1)
-
Narrabeen Group (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Molteno Formation (3)
-
Stormberg Series (3)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
MIS 2 (2)
-
MIS 3 (2)
-
MIS 5 (3)
-
MIS 6 (4)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Lower Cambrian
-
Atdabanian (1)
-
Terreneuvian
-
Fortunian (2)
-
-
Tommotian (1)
-
-
Middle Cambrian
-
Burgess Shale (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian (1)
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Upper Pennsylvanian (1)
-
-
Upper Carboniferous
-
Westphalian (2)
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Lower Devonian
-
Emsian (1)
-
Siegenian (1)
-
-
Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian (1)
-
-
Itarare Subgroup (1)
-
lower Paleozoic (6)
-
Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (2)
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Ashgillian (3)
-
Caradocian (1)
-
Hirnantian (2)
-
-
-
Permian
-
Ecca Group (13)
-
Guadalupian
-
Capitanian (1)
-
Roadian (1)
-
Wordian (1)
-
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Kungurian (2)
-
-
Leman Sandstone Formation (1)
-
-
Middle Permian (4)
-
Upper Permian
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (10)
-
-
Vryheid Formation (1)
-
Whitehill Formation (1)
-
-
Silurian (3)
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Dwyka Formation (17)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (15)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean
-
Eoarchean (1)
-
Fig Tree Group (5)
-
Kromberg Formation (2)
-
Mesoarchean (9)
-
Neoarchean (26)
-
Paleoarchean
-
Hooggenoeg Formation (4)
-
-
Warrawoona Group (2)
-
-
Brockman Iron Formation (2)
-
Central Rand Group (7)
-
Fortescue Group (2)
-
Hadean (3)
-
Hamersley Group (4)
-
Onverwacht Group (7)
-
Pongola Supergroup (7)
-
Prince Albert Group (1)
-
Stillwater Complex (1)
-
Transvaal Supergroup (42)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Cahill Formation (1)
-
Damara System (29)
-
Great Oxidation Event (3)
-
Huronian (2)
-
Kombolgie Formation (1)
-
Malmani Subgroup (1)
-
Mesoproterozoic (36)
-
Neoproterozoic
-
Cryogenian (8)
-
Ediacaran (31)
-
Marinoan (8)
-
Otavi Group (13)
-
Sturtian (7)
-
Vendian (17)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic
-
Birimian (1)
-
Siderian (1)
-
-
Pretoria Group (2)
-
Windermere System (1)
-
Wolkberg Group (1)
-
-
-
Ventersdorp Supergroup (19)
-
Waterberg System (5)
-
Witwatersrand Supergroup (16)
-
Wyman Formation (1)
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
extrusive rocks (1)
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (26)
-
feldspathoid rocks (4)
-
granophyre (1)
-
kimberlite (98)
-
phoscorites (1)
-
picrite (4)
-
plutonic rocks
-
alnoite (1)
-
anorthosite (3)
-
diabase (22)
-
diorites
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (1)
-
-
trondhjemite (3)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (2)
-
troctolite (2)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alaskite (1)
-
alkali granites (2)
-
aplite (2)
-
charnockite (4)
-
leucogranite (6)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (2)
-
rapakivi (1)
-
S-type granites (5)
-
-
granodiorites (7)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (7)
-
lamprophyres (6)
-
pegmatite (30)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
bostonite (1)
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (2)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
garnet lherzolite (1)
-
garnet peridotite (3)
-
harzburgite (10)
-
lherzolite (7)
-
spinel peridotite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
orthopyroxenite (1)
-
websterite (3)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (3)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (15)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (6)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
komatiite (11)
-
melilitite (1)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (7)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
pumice (1)
-
tuff (6)
-
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (1)
-
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
volcanic ash (1)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (8)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (20)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (3)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
-
granulites (11)
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (2)
-
greisen (1)
-
rodingite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (6)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (10)
-
migmatites (3)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
-
quartzites (12)
-
schists
-
greenstone (5)
-
tourmalinite (2)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
ophiolite (3)
-
turbidite (9)
-
-
meteorites
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites
-
octahedrite
-
Gibeon Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
ordinary chondrites
-
L chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
minerals
-
alloys
-
electrum (1)
-
kamacite (1)
-
taenite (1)
-
-
antimonates (1)
-
arsenates
-
adamite (1)
-
austinite (1)
-
mimetite (1)
-
-
arsenides
-
sperrylite (1)
-
-
arsenites (4)
-
bismuthides (1)
-
borates
-
sakhaite (1)
-
-
carbonates
-
ankerite (4)
-
aragonite (5)
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
calcite (22)
-
cancrinite (1)
-
cerussite (2)
-
dolomite (9)
-
hydrotalcite (1)
-
magnesite (1)
-
nahcolite (1)
-
norsethite (1)
-
parisite (1)
-
phosgenite (1)
-
rhodochrosite (2)
-
sakhaite (1)
-
siderite (4)
-
smithsonite (1)
-
witherite (1)
-
-
chromates (1)
-
copper minerals (1)
-
halides
-
chlorides
-
eudialyte (1)
-
halite (1)
-
mimetite (1)
-
phosgenite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
vanadinite (2)
-
-
fluorides
-
bastnaesite (1)
-
fluorite (4)
-
parisite (1)
-
villiaumite (1)
-
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
hydrates (1)
-
manganese minerals (6)
-
minerals (64)
-
native elements
-
diamond (25)
-
graphite (2)
-
-
organic minerals
-
amber (1)
-
-
oxides
-
baddeleyite (5)
-
bixbyite (2)
-
brookite (1)
-
cassiterite (2)
-
chrome spinel (3)
-
chromite (6)
-
corundum (2)
-
cryptomelane (1)
-
franklinite (1)
-
germanates (2)
-
goethite (1)
-
hausmannite (8)
-
hematite (11)
-
heterogenite (1)
-
hoegbomite (1)
-
hydroxides
-
oxyhydroxides (1)
-
-
ilmenite (19)
-
iron oxides (6)
-
jacobsite (1)
-
leucoxene (1)
-
lithiophorite (2)
-
maghemite (1)
-
magnetite (13)
-
manganese oxides (2)
-
manganite (3)
-
martite (1)
-
nigerite (1)
-
niobates
-
columbite (3)
-
ixiolite (1)
-
pyrochlore (1)
-
tapiolite (2)
-
-
perovskite (4)
-
pyrophanite (2)
-
rutile (9)
-
spinel (13)
-
spinel group (5)
-
tantalates
-
ixiolite (1)
-
microlite (1)
-
tantalite (2)
-
wodginite (1)
-
-
titanium oxides (1)
-
todorokite (2)
-
trevorite (1)
-
uraninite (3)
-
-
phosphates
-
amblygonite (2)
-
apatite (18)
-
brushite (1)
-
crandallite (1)
-
francolite (1)
-
goyazite (1)
-
monazite (7)
-
montebrasite (1)
-
plumbogummite (1)
-
pyromorphite (1)
-
xenotime (1)
-
-
platinum minerals (3)
-
selenates (1)
-
silicates
-
aluminosilicates (1)
-
asbestos (2)
-
borosilicates (1)
-
chain silicates
-
aenigmatite group
-
sapphirine (1)
-
-
amphibole group
-
clinoamphibole
-
crocidolite (3)
-
hornblende (5)
-
kaersutite (1)
-
richterite (3)
-
riebeckite (1)
-
tschermakite (2)
-
-
orthoamphibole
-
anthophyllite (1)
-
gedrite (1)
-
-
-
plancheite (1)
-
prehnite (3)
-
pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
-
aegirine (4)
-
aegirine-augite (1)
-
chrome diopside (2)
-
diopside (3)
-
hedenbergite (1)
-
jadeite (1)
-
omphacite (2)
-
-
orthopyroxene
-
enstatite (2)
-
-
-
tobermorite (2)
-
wollastonite group
-
pectolite (4)
-
wollastonite (4)
-
-
-
framework silicates
-
cancrinite (1)
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
K-feldspar (3)
-
microcline (2)
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
barium feldspar (1)
-
plagioclase
-
anorthite (1)
-
-
-
nepheline group
-
nepheline (1)
-
-
scapolite group
-
scapolite (1)
-
-
silica minerals
-
agate (2)
-
coesite (3)
-
quartz (12)
-
-
zeolite group
-
analcime (3)
-
natrolite (1)
-
pollucite (2)
-
-
-
magnesian silicates (1)
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
andalusite (1)
-
braunite (5)
-
chloritoid (1)
-
datolite group
-
datolite (2)
-
-
garnet group
-
almandine (4)
-
andradite (4)
-
grossular (4)
-
hydrogarnet (2)
-
majorite (2)
-
pyrope (7)
-
spessartine (3)
-
uvarovite (2)
-
-
harkerite (1)
-
kyanite (4)
-
olivine group
-
forsterite (1)
-
olivine (16)
-
-
sillimanite (2)
-
staurolite (2)
-
titanite group
-
titanite (4)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (64)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
barylite (1)
-
chevkinite group
-
perrierite (1)
-
-
epidote group (1)
-
kornerupine (1)
-
lawsonite (1)
-
vesuvianite (2)
-
zunyite (1)
-
-
-
ring silicates
-
cordierite (1)
-
eudialyte (1)
-
milarite group
-
osumilite (1)
-
-
tourmaline group
-
foitite (1)
-
schorl (2)
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
apophyllite (1)
-
chlorite group
-
chlorite (2)
-
-
clay minerals
-
kaolinite (4)
-
smectite (4)
-
vermiculite (2)
-
-
gillespite (1)
-
gyrolite (3)
-
illite (3)
-
margarite (1)
-
mica group
-
biotite (6)
-
lepidolite (1)
-
muscovite (6)
-
paragonite (1)
-
phlogopite (13)
-
-
palygorskite (2)
-
petalite (1)
-
pyrophyllite (2)
-
rectorite (1)
-
sepiolite (2)
-
serpentine group
-
chrysotile (1)
-
cronstedtite (1)
-
serpentine (2)
-
-
stilpnomelane (2)
-
-
-
sulfates
-
alunite (2)
-
anglesite (1)
-
barite (5)
-
bassanite (1)
-
ettringite (3)
-
gypsum (4)
-
jarosite (1)
-
natroalunite (1)
-
-
sulfides
-
bornite (1)
-
chalcocite (1)
-
chalcopyrite (3)
-
copper sulfides (1)
-
galena (1)
-
iron sulfides (1)
-
mackinawite (5)
-
millerite (2)
-
molybdenite (3)
-
nickel sulfides (1)
-
polydymite (1)
-
pyrite (11)
-
pyrrhotite (2)
-
siegenite (1)
-
sphalerite (3)
-
troilite (2)
-
-
sulfosalts
-
sulfarsenites
-
jordanite (1)
-
tennantite (3)
-
-
sulfogermanates
-
germanite (1)
-
renierite (1)
-
-
-
tellurides (1)
-
tungstates
-
scheelite (2)
-
-
ultrabasite (1)
-
uranium minerals (1)
-
vanadates
-
descloizite (1)
-
vanadinite (2)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (170)
-
academic institutions (1)
-
Africa
-
Afar (2)
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Central Africa
-
Angola
-
Cabinda Angola (1)
-
Cuanza Basin (1)
-
-
Central African Republic (3)
-
Congo (5)
-
Congo Democratic Republic
-
Shaba Congo Democratic Republic (1)
-
-
Equatorial Guinea (2)
-
Gabon
-
Oklo (1)
-
-
-
Congo Basin (1)
-
Congo Craton (17)
-
East Africa
-
Afar Depression (2)
-
Ethiopia (6)
-
Ethiopian Rift (2)
-
Kenya (5)
-
Malawi (2)
-
Mozambique (12)
-
Somali Republic (1)
-
Sudan (1)
-
Tanzania (6)
-
Uganda (2)
-
Zambia (5)
-
-
East African Rift (15)
-
Kalahari Desert (48)
-
Limpopo Basin (4)
-
Limpopo Belt (32)
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mozambique Belt (1)
-
Namib Desert (19)
-
North Africa
-
Algeria (1)
-
Egypt (1)
-
Libya (1)
-
Morocco
-
Rif
-
Beni Bouchera (1)
-
-
-
-
Sahara (2)
-
Southern Africa
-
Barberton greenstone belt (34)
-
Botswana
-
Okavango Delta (10)
-
-
Gariep Belt (13)
-
Kaapvaal Craton (160)
-
Kalahari Craton (16)
-
Karoo Basin (67)
-
Lesotho (17)
-
Namaqualand (45)
-
Namaqualand metamorphic complex (27)
-
Namibia
-
Damara Belt (20)
-
Kaoko Belt (15)
-
Karibib Namibia (9)
-
Luderitz Namibia (3)
-
Otavi Namibia (7)
-
Tsumeb Namibia (43)
-
Walvis Bay (2)
-
Walvis Bay Namibia (1)
-
Windhoek Namibia (5)
-
-
Orange River (20)
-
South Africa
-
Bushveld Complex (22)
-
Cape fold belt (3)
-
Cape Province region (31)
-
Eastern Cape Province South Africa (1)
-
Free State South Africa
-
Vredefort Dome (5)
-
-
Gauteng South Africa (2)
-
Klerksdorp Field (2)
-
KwaZulu-Natal South Africa
-
Durban South Africa (1)
-
-
Merensky Reef (1)
-
Mpumalanga South Africa
-
Barberton Mountain Land (1)
-
Barberton South Africa (1)
-
-
Murchison greenstone belt (6)
-
Northern Cape Province South Africa
-
Kimberley South Africa (23)
-
Postmasburg South Africa (12)
-
-
North-West Province South Africa
-
Ventersdorp South Africa (1)
-
-
Sutherland South Africa (1)
-
Transvaal region (17)
-
Vaal River (4)
-
Western Cape Province South Africa (2)
-
Witwatersrand (12)
-
-
Swaziland (14)
-
Zimbabwe
-
Belingwe greenstone belt (2)
-
Great Dyke (1)
-
Kariba Zimbabwe (1)
-
-
-
West Africa
-
Benin (3)
-
Cameroon (2)
-
Chad (1)
-
Gambia (1)
-
Ghana (4)
-
Guinea (1)
-
Ivory Coast (5)
-
Liberia (2)
-
Mali (2)
-
Mauritania (2)
-
Niger (3)
-
Nigeria (4)
-
Sierra Leone (2)
-
Togo (1)
-
-
West African Shield (1)
-
Zambezi Valley (1)
-
Zimbabwe Craton (14)
-
-
Antarctica
-
East Antarctica (4)
-
Ellsworth Land
-
Ellsworth Mountains (1)
-
-
Queen Maud Land (4)
-
Transantarctic Mountains
-
Pensacola Mountains
-
Dufek Intrusion (1)
-
-
-
Victoria Land (2)
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Arctic region
-
Greenland
-
Ilimaussaq (1)
-
Skaergaard Intrusion (1)
-
-
Svalbard (1)
-
-
asbestos deposits (3)
-
Asia
-
Arabian Peninsula
-
Arabian Shield (1)
-
Oman (3)
-
Saudi Arabia (2)
-
Yemen (2)
-
-
Buryat Russian Federation (1)
-
Central Asia
-
Kazakhstan
-
Chu-Sarysu Depression (1)
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
-
-
Far East
-
China
-
Henan China (1)
-
Liaoning China (1)
-
North China Platform (3)
-
Shanxi China (1)
-
Xinjiang China (1)
-
Xizang China (1)
-
Yangtze Platform (1)
-
-
Indonesia
-
Krakatoa (1)
-
Sumatra (1)
-
-
Japan (4)
-
Laos (1)
-
Mongolia (1)
-
Thailand (1)
-
Vietnam (1)
-
-
Himalayas (1)
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Afghanistan (1)
-
India
-
Andhra Pradesh India (1)
-
Dharwar Craton (1)
-
Ghats
-
Eastern Ghats (1)
-
-
-
Pakistan (4)
-
-
Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
-
Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
-
Norilsk region (2)
-
-
-
Middle East
-
Cyprus (1)
-
Iran
-
Kerman Iran (1)
-
-
Israel (1)
-
Syria (1)
-
Turkey (3)
-
-
Siberia (5)
-
Siberian Platform
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
-
Tien Shan
-
Karatau Range (1)
-
-
Transbaikalia (1)
-
Yakutia Russian Federation
-
Anabar Shield (1)
-
Mir Pipe (1)
-
-
-
associations (3)
-
asteroids (1)
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
Equatorial Atlantic (1)
-
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (3)
-
North Atlantic
-
Cape Verde Basin (1)
-
Ceara Rise (1)
-
Gulf of Mexico (1)
-
Irish Sea (1)
-
North Sea (1)
-
Northwest Atlantic
-
Demerara Rise (1)
-
-
Sierra Leone Rise (1)
-
-
South Atlantic
-
Angola Basin (1)
-
Brazil Basin (1)
-
Cape Basin (13)
-
Espirito Santo Basin (2)
-
Falkland Plateau (3)
-
Rio Grande Rise (4)
-
Santos Basin (2)
-
Southeast Atlantic (9)
-
Walvis Ridge (8)
-
-
West Atlantic (1)
-
-
Atlantic Ocean Islands
-
Cape Verde Islands (1)
-
Falkland Islands (2)
-
South Sandwich Islands (1)
-
Tristan da Cunha (2)
-
-
Atlantic region (3)
-
atmosphere (6)
-
Australasia
-
Australia
-
Adelaide Geosyncline (1)
-
Amadeus Basin (1)
-
Broken Hill Block (1)
-
Lachlan fold belt (1)
-
New South Wales Australia (1)
-
Northern Territory Australia (1)
-
Queensland Australia
-
Cannington Deposit (1)
-
Mount Isa Inlier (1)
-
-
South Australia
-
Flinders Ranges (1)
-
Olympic Dam Deposit (1)
-
-
Tasmania Australia
-
Tasmania Basin (1)
-
-
Western Australia
-
Argyle Mine (1)
-
Capricorn Orogen (1)
-
Hamersley Basin (5)
-
Pilbara (3)
-
Pilbara Craton (12)
-
Yilgarn Craton (6)
-
-
-
New Zealand
-
Otago New Zealand
-
Kakanui (1)
-
-
-
-
bacteria (6)
-
barite deposits (1)
-
bibliography (2)
-
biogeography (13)
-
biography (6)
-
bitumens (1)
-
boron
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
-
boron deposits (1)
-
brines (4)
-
Canada
-
Eastern Canada
-
Maritime Provinces
-
Nova Scotia (1)
-
-
Newfoundland and Labrador
-
Labrador
-
Nain Massif (1)
-
Voisey's Bay Deposit (3)
-
-
Newfoundland
-
Avalon Peninsula (1)
-
-
-
Ontario
-
Algoma District Ontario
-
Blind River Ontario (1)
-
Wawa Ontario (1)
-
-
Sudbury igneous complex (2)
-
Timiskaming District Ontario
-
Cobalt Ontario (1)
-
-
-
Quebec
-
Monteregian Hills (1)
-
-
-
Western Canada
-
Athabasca Basin (1)
-
Canadian Cordillera (1)
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Northwest Territories
-
Lac de Gras (1)
-
-
Saskatchewan
-
Key Lake Deposits (1)
-
Rabbit Lake Deposit (1)
-
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (49)
-
C-14 (3)
-
organic carbon (6)
-
-
catalogs (3)
-
Cenozoic
-
Blancan (1)
-
lower Cenozoic (1)
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
middle Holocene (2)
-
Neoglacial (1)
-
upper Holocene (3)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
lower Pleistocene (2)
-
upper Pleistocene (4)
-
-
upper Quaternary (15)
-
-
Stone Age (3)
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (2)
-
middle Tertiary (2)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Columbia River Basalt Group (2)
-
lower Miocene
-
Aquitanian (2)
-
-
middle Miocene (1)
-
-
Pliocene
-
upper Pliocene (2)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene (4)
-
Oligocene
-
upper Oligocene
-
Chattian (1)
-
-
-
Paleocene
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
-
-
-
upper Tertiary (1)
-
-
upper Cenozoic
-
Villafranchian (1)
-
-
-
Central America
-
Guatemala (1)
-
-
ceramic materials (2)
-
chemical analysis (5)
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces (3)
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amniota (1)
-
Amphibia
-
Labyrinthodontia
-
Temnospondyli (3)
-
-
-
Aves (1)
-
Mammalia
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Carnivora
-
Fissipeda
-
Felidae (1)
-
-
-
Hyracoidea (1)
-
Perissodactyla
-
Ceratomorpha
-
Rhinocerotidae (1)
-
-
Hippomorpha
-
Equidae
-
Hipparion (1)
-
-
-
-
Primates
-
Hominidae
-
Australopithecinae
-
Australopithecus
-
Australopithecus africanus (2)
-
-
-
-
simians
-
Cercopithecidae (2)
-
-
-
Proboscidea
-
Mastodontoidea (1)
-
-
Rodentia (1)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Cotylosauria (1)
-
Testudines
-
Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia (4)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia (2)
-
Saurischia
-
Sauropodomorpha
-
Sauropoda (1)
-
-
Theropoda (1)
-
-
-
Pterosauria (1)
-
Thecodontia
-
Aetosauria (2)
-
-
-
Lepidosauria
-
Rhynchocephalia (1)
-
Squamata (2)
-
-
Rhynchosauria (1)
-
-
Synapsida
-
Pelycosauria (1)
-
Therapsida
-
Cynodontia (2)
-
Dicynodontia
-
Lystrosaurus (4)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (11)
-
climate change (17)
-
coal deposits (1)
-
construction materials
-
cement materials (1)
-
dimension stone (1)
-
-
continental drift (17)
-
continental shelf (19)
-
continental slope (4)
-
core (3)
-
crust (90)
-
crystal chemistry (90)
-
crystal growth (18)
-
crystal structure (122)
-
crystallography (3)
-
dams (3)
-
data processing (38)
-
Deep Sea Drilling Project
-
IPOD
-
Leg 71
-
DSDP Site 511 (1)
-
DSDP Site 513 (1)
-
DSDP Site 514 (1)
-
-
Leg 72
-
DSDP Site 516 (1)
-
DSDP Site 517 (1)
-
-
Leg 73
-
DSDP Site 519 (1)
-
DSDP Site 522 (1)
-
DSDP Site 524 (1)
-
-
Leg 74
-
DSDP Site 525 (1)
-
-
Leg 75
-
DSDP Site 530 (1)
-
-
-
Leg 14
-
DSDP Site 144 (1)
-
-
Leg 3
-
DSDP Site 14 (1)
-
DSDP Site 15 (1)
-
DSDP Site 16 (1)
-
DSDP Site 17 (1)
-
DSDP Site 18 (1)
-
DSDP Site 19 (1)
-
-
Leg 36
-
DSDP Site 327 (1)
-
DSDP Site 328 (1)
-
-
Leg 39
-
DSDP Site 354 (1)
-
DSDP Site 355 (1)
-
DSDP Site 356 (1)
-
DSDP Site 357 (1)
-
-
Leg 40
-
DSDP Site 360 (1)
-
DSDP Site 361 (3)
-
DSDP Site 362 (1)
-
DSDP Site 363 (1)
-
DSDP Site 364 (1)
-
-
Leg 41
-
DSDP Site 366 (1)
-
-
-
deformation (47)
-
diagenesis (33)
-
diamond deposits (39)
-
Earth (6)
-
earthquakes (29)
-
East Pacific Ocean Islands
-
Hawaii (2)
-
-
ecology (5)
-
economic geology (87)
-
education (3)
-
electron microscopy (2)
-
energy sources (8)
-
engineering geology (3)
-
environmental geology (2)
-
epeirogeny (2)
-
Eurasia (1)
-
Europe
-
Alps
-
Central Alps (1)
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
Western Alps
-
Dauphine Alps
-
Vercors (1)
-
-
-
-
Arkhangelsk Russian Federation (2)
-
Baltic region
-
Estonia (1)
-
-
Caucasus
-
Northern Caucasus (1)
-
-
Central Europe
-
Austria (1)
-
Black Forest (1)
-
Czech Republic
-
Bohemia
-
Jachymov Czech Republic (1)
-
-
-
Germany
-
Baden-Wurttemberg Germany (2)
-
Eifel (1)
-
Harz Mountains
-
Rammelsberg (1)
-
-
Lower Saxony Germany
-
Rammelsberg (1)
-
-
Rhineland-Palatinate Germany (1)
-
Saxony Germany
-
Schneeberg Germany (1)
-
-
-
Poland
-
Upper Silesia (1)
-
-
Slovakia (1)
-
Switzerland
-
Swiss Alps
-
Central Swiss Alps (1)
-
-
-
Upper Rhine Graben (1)
-
-
Fennoscandian Shield (1)
-
Murmansk Russian Federation
-
Khibiny Mountains (2)
-
Kola Peninsula (3)
-
Lovozero Massif (2)
-
-
Pyrenees
-
French Pyrenees (1)
-
-
Rhenish Schiefergebirge
-
Eifel (1)
-
-
Saratov Russian Federation (1)
-
Southern Europe
-
Iberian Peninsula
-
Spain
-
Ebro Basin (1)
-
-
-
Italy
-
Lombardy Italy
-
Sondrio Italy (1)
-
-
Sardinia Italy (1)
-
Tuscany Italy (1)
-
Valle d'Aosta Italy (1)
-
Venetia (1)
-
Veneto Italy
-
Vicenza Italy (1)
-
-
-
Romania
-
Transylvania
-
Bihor Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Yugoslavia (1)
-
-
Ukraine
-
Dnepropetrovsk Ukraine
-
Krivoy Rog Ukraine (1)
-
-
-
Western Europe
-
France
-
Corsica (1)
-
Dauphine Alps
-
Vercors (1)
-
-
French Pyrenees (1)
-
-
Iceland (2)
-
Scandinavia
-
Finland
-
North Karelia Finland
-
Outokumpu Finland (1)
-
-
-
Norway
-
Rogaland Norway (1)
-
Southern Norway (1)
-
-
Sweden (4)
-
Western Gneiss region (1)
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Great Britain
-
England
-
Dorset England (1)
-
Yorkshire England (1)
-
-
Scotland
-
Hebrides
-
Inner Hebrides
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
Highland region Scotland
-
Inverness-shire Scotland
-
Isle of Skye (1)
-
-
-
-
Wales (2)
-
-
-
-
-
explosions (2)
-
faults (63)
-
feldspar deposits (2)
-
fluorspar deposits (2)
-
folds (20)
-
foliation (13)
-
fossil man (1)
-
foundations (1)
-
fractures (11)
-
fungi (2)
-
gems (10)
-
geochemistry (156)
-
geochronology (26)
-
geodesy (3)
-
geology (3)
-
geomorphology (18)
-
geophysical methods (95)
-
geophysics (3)
-
geosynclines (1)
-
geothermal energy (1)
-
glacial geology (23)
-
government agencies
-
survey organizations (1)
-
-
Graptolithina (1)
-
ground water (33)
-
heat flow (8)
-
heavy mineral deposits (4)
-
Hemichordata (1)
-
hydrogen
-
D/H (5)
-
tritium (1)
-
-
hydrogeology (6)
-
hydrology (15)
-
ichnofossils
-
Skolithos (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
carbonatites (26)
-
feldspathoid rocks (4)
-
granophyre (1)
-
kimberlite (98)
-
phoscorites (1)
-
picrite (4)
-
plutonic rocks
-
alnoite (1)
-
anorthosite (3)
-
diabase (22)
-
diorites
-
tonalite
-
enderbite (1)
-
-
trondhjemite (3)
-
-
gabbros
-
norite (2)
-
troctolite (2)
-
-
granites
-
adamellite (1)
-
alaskite (1)
-
alkali granites (2)
-
aplite (2)
-
charnockite (4)
-
leucogranite (6)
-
microgranite (1)
-
monzogranite (2)
-
rapakivi (1)
-
S-type granites (5)
-
-
granodiorites (7)
-
ijolite (1)
-
lamproite (7)
-
lamprophyres (6)
-
pegmatite (30)
-
syenites
-
alkali syenites (1)
-
bostonite (1)
-
nepheline syenite
-
agpaite (1)
-
-
quartz syenite (2)
-
-
ultramafics
-
chromitite (1)
-
peridotites
-
dunite (3)
-
garnet lherzolite (1)
-
garnet peridotite (3)
-
harzburgite (10)
-
lherzolite (7)
-
spinel peridotite (1)
-
-
pyroxenite
-
clinopyroxenite (1)
-
garnet pyroxenite (1)
-
orthopyroxenite (1)
-
websterite (3)
-
-
-
-
porphyry (3)
-
volcanic rocks
-
andesites (2)
-
basalts
-
alkali basalts (1)
-
flood basalts (15)
-
mid-ocean ridge basalts (6)
-
shoshonite (1)
-
tholeiite (4)
-
trap rocks (1)
-
-
komatiite (11)
-
melilitite (1)
-
nephelinite (1)
-
phonolites (7)
-
pyroclastics
-
ash-flow tuff (1)
-
ignimbrite (1)
-
pumice (1)
-
tuff (6)
-
-
rhyolites
-
quartz porphyry (1)
-
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (18)
-
-
Indian Ocean
-
Agulhas Bank (3)
-
Dampier Sub-basin (1)
-
Mid-Indian Ridge (1)
-
West Indian Ocean (1)
-
-
Indian Ocean Islands
-
Madagascar
-
Mahajanga Basin (1)
-
-
Mauritius (1)
-
-
industrial minerals (5)
-
interplanetary space (1)
-
intrusions (135)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
-
Chelicerata
-
Merostomata
-
Eurypterida (1)
-
-
-
Mandibulata
-
Crustacea
-
Malacostraca (1)
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
Neoptera
-
Endopterygota
-
Hymenoptera (1)
-
-
Exopterygota
-
Isoptera (3)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Trilobitomorpha
-
Trilobita
-
Phacopida (1)
-
-
-
-
Brachiopoda
-
Articulata (1)
-
Inarticulata (2)
-
-
Bryozoa
-
Trepostomata (1)
-
-
Cnidaria
-
Anthozoa
-
Octocorallia (1)
-
-
-
Echinodermata
-
Asterozoa
-
Stelleroidea
-
Asteroidea (1)
-
-
-
Crinozoa
-
Crinoidea (1)
-
-
-
Mollusca
-
Bivalvia (4)
-
Cephalopoda
-
Ammonoidea
-
Ammonites (2)
-
-
-
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera
-
Rotaliina
-
Cassidulinacea
-
Anomalinidae
-
Cibicidoides
-
Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi (2)
-
-
-
-
Globigerinacea
-
Globigerinidae
-
Globigerinoides
-
Globigerinoides ruber (1)
-
-
-
Globorotaliidae
-
Globorotalia
-
Globorotalia inflata (1)
-
-
-
Neogloboquadrina (1)
-
-
Rotaliacea
-
Miogypsinidae (1)
-
-
-
Textulariina (1)
-
-
-
Vermes
-
Annelida
-
Chaetopoda (1)
-
-
-
-
ionosphere (3)
-
isostasy (1)
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
Al-26 (2)
-
Ar-39 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
Be-10 (6)
-
C-14 (3)
-
K-40 (1)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
tritium (1)
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
B-11/B-10 (3)
-
C-13 (2)
-
C-13/C-12 (49)
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
D/H (5)
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
-
Fe-57/Fe-54 (1)
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
N-15/N-14 (6)
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
O-18/O-16 (38)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (2)
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
S-33/S-32 (3)
-
S-34/S-32 (18)
-
Si-30/Si-28 (1)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
-
-
-
kaolin deposits (1)
-
land subsidence (4)
-
land use (7)
-
lava (19)
-
lexicons (1)
-
lichens (1)
-
lineation (1)
-
magmas (87)
-
mantle (96)
-
maps (6)
-
marine geology (5)
-
Mediterranean region (2)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Albian (4)
-
Aptian (3)
-
Barremian (1)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (2)
-
Mishash Formation (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
K-T boundary (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (1)
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Clarens Formation (7)
-
Ferrar Group (7)
-
Lower Jurassic
-
Hettangian (1)
-
lower Liassic (1)
-
middle Liassic (2)
-
Pliensbachian (2)
-
Sinemurian (1)
-
Toarcian
-
lower Toarcian (1)
-
-
upper Liassic (3)
-
-
Middle Jurassic (4)
-
Upper Jurassic (3)
-
-
Serra Geral Formation (1)
-
Triassic
-
Lower Triassic
-
Olenekian (1)
-
Permian-Triassic boundary (10)
-
-
Middle Triassic
-
Anisian (1)
-
-
Mole Granite (1)
-
Narrabeen Group (1)
-
Upper Triassic
-
Carnian
-
Ischigualasto Formation (1)
-
-
Molteno Formation (3)
-
Stormberg Series (3)
-
-
-
upper Mesozoic (1)
-
-
metal ores
-
antimony ores (2)
-
arsenic ores (2)
-
base metals (18)
-
beryllium ores (2)
-
bismuth ores (2)
-
chromite ores (3)
-
cobalt ores (4)
-
copper ores (59)
-
gold ores (35)
-
iron ores (20)
-
lead ores (20)
-
lead-zinc deposits (14)
-
lithium ores (1)
-
manganese ores (35)
-
molybdenum ores (1)
-
nickel ores (21)
-
niobium ores (3)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum ores (15)
-
polymetallic ores (9)
-
pyrite ores (1)
-
rare earth deposits (7)
-
silver ores (11)
-
tantalum ores (4)
-
thorium ores (1)
-
tin ores (5)
-
titanium ores (2)
-
tungsten ores (5)
-
uranium ores (18)
-
vanadium ores (2)
-
zinc ores (28)
-
zirconium ores (1)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
thorium (2)
-
uranium
-
U-238 (1)
-
U-238/U-234 (1)
-
-
-
alkali metals
-
cesium (2)
-
lithium
-
Li-7/Li-6 (1)
-
-
potassium
-
K-40 (1)
-
-
rubidium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
-
sodium (4)
-
-
alkaline earth metals
-
barium (3)
-
beryllium
-
Be-10 (6)
-
-
calcium
-
Ca-44/Ca-40 (1)
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
-
magnesium
-
Mg/Ca (1)
-
-
radium
-
Ra-226 (1)
-
-
strontium
-
Rb-87/Sr-86 (4)
-
Sr/Ca (2)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (27)
-
-
-
aluminum
-
Al-26 (2)
-
-
antimony (1)
-
arsenic (6)
-
bismuth (1)
-
cadmium (1)
-
chromium (7)
-
cobalt (2)
-
copper (9)
-
gallium (4)
-
germanium (6)
-
gold (10)
-
hafnium
-
Hf-177/Hf-176 (6)
-
-
iron
-
Fe-56/Fe-54 (2)
-
Fe-57/Fe-54 (1)
-
ferric iron (6)
-
ferrous iron (5)
-
-
lead
-
Pb-206/Pb-204 (10)
-
Pb-207/Pb-204 (7)
-
Pb-207/Pb-206 (3)
-
Pb-208/Pb-204 (5)
-
Pb-208/Pb-206 (1)
-
-
manganese (20)
-
molybdenum (1)
-
nickel (2)
-
niobium (5)
-
platinum group
-
iridium (1)
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (2)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
palladium (2)
-
palladium ores (1)
-
platinum (1)
-
platinum ores (15)
-
rhodium (1)
-
ruthenium (1)
-
-
precious metals (5)
-
rare earths
-
cerium (4)
-
europium (2)
-
lanthanum (1)
-
neodymium
-
Nd-144/Nd-143 (10)
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
samarium
-
Sm-147/Nd-144 (2)
-
-
scandium (1)
-
yttrium (1)
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
silver (1)
-
tantalum (1)
-
tin (4)
-
titanium (6)
-
tungsten (2)
-
vanadium (3)
-
zinc (12)
-
zirconium (2)
-
-
metamorphic rocks
-
amphibolites (8)
-
cataclasites (1)
-
eclogite (20)
-
gneisses
-
biotite gneiss (1)
-
granite gneiss (3)
-
orthogneiss (4)
-
-
granulites (11)
-
marbles (5)
-
metaigneous rocks
-
metabasalt (2)
-
metabasite (1)
-
metadacite (1)
-
metagabbro (1)
-
metagranite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
-
metasedimentary rocks
-
metapelite (4)
-
-
metasomatic rocks
-
fenite (2)
-
greisen (1)
-
rodingite (1)
-
serpentinite (2)
-
skarn (6)
-
-
metavolcanic rocks (10)
-
migmatites (3)
-
mylonites
-
pseudotachylite (3)
-
-
quartzites (12)
-
schists
-
greenstone (5)
-
tourmalinite (2)
-
-
slates (1)
-
-
metamorphism (73)
-
metasomatism (72)
-
meteorites
-
iron meteorites
-
octahedrite
-
Gibeon Meteorite (1)
-
-
-
stony meteorites
-
chondrites
-
ordinary chondrites
-
L chondrites (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Mexico (5)
-
mineral deposits, genesis (121)
-
mineral exploration (62)
-
mineral resources (18)
-
mineralogy (78)
-
minerals (64)
-
mining geology (12)
-
Mohorovicic discontinuity (5)
-
Moon (2)
-
mud volcanoes (1)
-
nitrogen
-
N-15/N-14 (6)
-
-
noble gases
-
argon
-
Ar-39 (1)
-
Ar-40/Ar-39 (1)
-
-
helium
-
He-3 (4)
-
He-4/He-3 (1)
-
-
neon
-
Ne-21 (3)
-
-
radon (1)
-
-
nodules (6)
-
nonmetal deposits (1)
-
nonmetals (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachians
-
Southern Appalachians (1)
-
-
Basin and Range Province (1)
-
Canadian Shield
-
Churchill Province (1)
-
Slave Province (3)
-
Superior Province
-
Abitibi Belt (2)
-
-
-
Great Lakes
-
Lake Superior (1)
-
-
Great Plains (1)
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (1)
-
North American Cordillera
-
Canadian Cordillera (1)
-
-
Western Interior (1)
-
-
Northern Hemisphere (1)
-
nuclear facilities (1)
-
ocean basins (2)
-
ocean circulation (1)
-
Ocean Drilling Program
-
Leg 108
-
ODP Site 664 (1)
-
-
Leg 114
-
ODP Site 699 (1)
-
ODP Site 700 (1)
-
ODP Site 704 (1)
-
-
Leg 154
-
ODP Site 925 (1)
-
ODP Site 927 (1)
-
ODP Site 929 (1)
-
-
Leg 159
-
ODP Site 960 (1)
-
ODP Site 961 (1)
-
-
Leg 175
-
ODP Site 1082 (3)
-
ODP Site 1083 (2)
-
ODP Site 1084 (1)
-
-
Leg 177
-
ODP Site 1088 (1)
-
ODP Site 1089 (1)
-
ODP Site 1090 (1)
-
ODP Site 1091 (1)
-
ODP Site 1092 (1)
-
ODP Site 1093 (1)
-
ODP Site 1094 (1)
-
-
Leg 207
-
ODP Site 1258 (1)
-
ODP Site 1260 (1)
-
-
Leg 208
-
ODP Site 1262 (1)
-
ODP Site 1263 (1)
-
ODP Site 1264 (1)
-
ODP Site 1265 (1)
-
ODP Site 1266 (1)
-
ODP Site 1267 (1)
-
-
-
ocean floors (5)
-
Oceania
-
Melanesia
-
New Caledonia (1)
-
-
Polynesia
-
Hawaii (2)
-
-
-
oceanography (5)
-
oil and gas fields (6)
-
orogeny (31)
-
oxygen
-
dissolved oxygen (1)
-
O-18/O-16 (38)
-
-
Pacific Coast (1)
-
Pacific Ocean
-
East Pacific
-
East Pacific Rise (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of Alaska (1)
-
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Tonga Trench (1)
-
-
-
North Pacific
-
Mid-Pacific Mountains (1)
-
Northeast Pacific
-
Gulf of Alaska (1)
-
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
-
Mariana Trough (1)
-
-
-
South Pacific
-
Southeast Pacific
-
Tonga Trench (1)
-
-
-
West Pacific
-
Northwest Pacific
-
Izu-Bonin Arc (1)
-
Mariana Trough (1)
-
-
-
-
paleobotany (3)
-
paleoclimatology (56)
-
paleoecology (35)
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Journal Article
Sulfide Mineralization and Associated Platinum Group Elements in Mafic-Ultramafic Units of the Tantalite Valley Complex, Southern Namibia
Journal: Economic Geology
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Published: 01 September 2024
Economic Geology (2024) 119 (6): 1239–1259.
Includes: Supplemental Content
Journal Article
Structural inheritance controls crustal-scale extensional fault-related folding in the Exmouth and Dampier Sub-basins, North West Shelf, Australia
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 July 2024
AAPG Bulletin (2024) 108 (7): 1291–1326.
Journal Article
Factors responsible for Witwatersrand gold mineralisation
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 June 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (2): 271–284.
Journal Article
Earth’s Earliest Crust
Journal: Elements
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 June 2024
Elements (2024) 20 (3): 168–173.
Journal Article
At the Dawn of Continents: Archean Tonalite-Trondhjemite-Granodiorite Suites
Journal: Elements
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Published: 01 June 2024
Elements (2024) 20 (3): 174–179.
Journal Article
GORDON LYALL PAVER (1913–1988) AND 42ND GEOLOGICAL SECTION, SOUTH AFRICAN ENGINEER CORPS: MILITARY GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS IN WORLD WAR II SUPPORTING BRITISH ARMY OPERATIONS: PART 1, THE EAST AFRICAN CAMPAIGN 1940–1941
Journal: Earth Sciences History
Publisher: History of Earth Sciences Society
Published: 01 May 2024
Earth Sciences History (2024) 43 (1): 176–197.
Journal Article
THE SOUTH DOES ALSO EXIST: THE CONTINENTAL DRIFT DEBATE IN THE ACCOUNT OF THE SOUTH-AFRICAN PALEOBOTANIST EDNA PLUMSTEAD
Journal: Earth Sciences History
Publisher: History of Earth Sciences Society
Published: 01 May 2024
Earth Sciences History (2024) 43 (1): 153–175.
Journal Article
Ranking and developing ground-motion models for Southeastern Africa
Joanna M Holmgren, M.EERI, Maximilian J Werner, M.EERI, Katsuichiro Goda, M.EERI, Manuela Villani, Vitor Silva, M.EERI, Patrick Chindandali
Journal: Earthquake Spectra
Publisher: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
Published: 01 May 2024
Earthquake Spectra (2024) 40 (2): 1552–1576.
Journal Article
Paleomagnetic investigation of the basal Maieberg Formation (Namibia) cap carbonate sequence (635 Ma): Implications for Snowball Earth postglacial dynamics
Journal: GSA Bulletin
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 23 April 2024
GSA Bulletin (2024) 136 (11-12): 4775–4797.
Journal Article
Modification of Archean cratons in southern Africa with foundered segments dropped into the shallow lower mantle
Journal: Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Published: 19 March 2024
Geology (2024) 52 (6): 468–472.
Journal Article
Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of the Bloubergstrand basaltic andesites, Tygerberg Formation, Malmesbury Group, Pan-African Saldania Belt, southwestern Africa
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 95–116.
Journal Article
Correlations on the southern Kaapvaal Craton Margin, 1: Ventersdorp lavas transgressed the Doornberg lineament
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 17–30.
Journal Article
Geomagnetic jerks observed in geomagnetic observatory data over southern Africa between 2017 and 2023
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 131–136.
Journal Article
Assessing the geological relationships between the mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the Haib area and the Vuurdood Subsuite, Richtersveld Subprovince
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 55–70.
Journal Article
The processing behaviour of the sphalerites from the Big Syncline deposit, South Africa
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 71–94.
Journal Article
Mineralogy and mineral paragenesis of the Palaeoproterozoic manganese ores of the Avontuur deposit of the Kalahari Manganese Field, South Africa
Journal: South African Journal of Geology
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Published: 01 March 2024
South African Journal of Geology (2024) 127 (1): 31–54.
Journal Article
Carbonate platform or volcanic mound? Seismic characterization of a synrift buildup along the outer high of the Lüderitz Basin, Namibia
Journal: AAPG Bulletin
Publisher: American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Published: 01 February 2024
AAPG Bulletin (2024) 108 (2): 261–292.
Journal Article
GEOLOGISTS AS COLONIAL SCOUTS: THE ROGERS EXPEDITION TO OTAVI AND TSUMEB, NAMIBIA, 1892–1895
Journal: Earth Sciences History
Publisher: History of Earth Sciences Society
Published: 01 December 2023
Earth Sciences History (2023) 42 (2): 385–415.
Journal Article
New Ediacaran biota from the oldest Nama Group, Namibia (Tsaus Mountains), and re-definition of the Nama Assemblage
Rachel Wood, Fred. T. Bowyer, Ruaridh Alexander, Mariana Yilales, Collen-Issia Uahengo, Kavevaza Kaputuaza, Junias Ndeunyema, Andrew Curtis
Journal: Geological Magazine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 23 October 2023
Geological Magazine (2023) 160 (9): 1673–1686.
Journal Article
Feature-based magnetotelluric inversion by variational autoencoder using a subdomain encoding scheme
Journal: Geophysics
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Published: 16 October 2023
Geophysics (2024) 89 (1): WA67–WA83.
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