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Globorotaliidae
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Textulariina
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Vermes
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Proterozoic
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igneous rocks
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ophiolite (5)
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framework silicates
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sorosilicates
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epidote group
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ring silicates
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illite (17)
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sulfates
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sulfides
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bournonite (1)
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tungstates
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wolframite (2)
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-
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Primary terms
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absolute age (38)
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Africa
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Afar (2)
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East Africa
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Asia
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India
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Krasnoyarsk Russian Federation
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Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation
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Middle East
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North Atlantic
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South Atlantic
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carbon
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Caribbean region
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Allerod (2)
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Wisconsinan
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upper Quaternary (9)
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Tertiary
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Pliocene
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Paleogene
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Oligocene
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upper Oligocene
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Paleocene
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Central America
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ceramic materials (1)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Unusually fracture-free seafloor in the southern North Atlantic between Newfoundland and Iberia explained through compounding tectonic inheritance since the Paleoproterozoic Open Access
Paleoenvironmental conditions and evolution of a muddy turbidite system: an integrated sedimentological and ichnological analysis Available to Purchase
Detrital zircon tales between the Rodinia and Pangaea supercontinents; exploring connections between Avalonia, Cadomia and Central Asia Available to Purchase
A Benchmarking Method to Rank the Performance of Physics‐Based Earthquake Simulations Available to Purchase
Factor analysis in residual soils of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Spain): comparison between raw data, log-transformation data and compositional data Available to Purchase
Rapid development of spiral garnets during subduction zone metamorphism revealed from high-resolution Sm-Nd garnet geochronology Open Access
Major Diatom Microfossils from the Arctic Region: A Review Available to Purchase
An Eoarchean continental nucleus for the Fennoscandian Shield and a link to the North Atlantic craton Available to Purchase
Climate and Atlantic sea-level recorded in Southwestern Spain from 6.3 to 5.2 Ma. Inferences on the Messinian Crisis in the Mediterranean. Open Access
Strength of the winter North Atlantic jet stream has deviated from its natural trend under anthropogenic warming Open Access
Favocassidulina Tuberculata N. SP., A New Benthic Foraminifer from the Portuguese Continental Slope Open Access
Mantle serpentinization and associated hydrogen flux at North Atlantic magma-poor rifted margins Open Access
Episodic postglacial deltaic pulses in the Gulf of Cadiz: Implications for the development of a transgressive shelf and driving environmental conditions Available to Purchase
An equation for deriving spatial variations in carbonate production rates from sediment deposition rates and dilution: Application to Santa Maria Island, Azores Available to Purchase
Contemporary Publications in Europe on the Spanish Earthquake of 1884 Available to Purchase
Seismic Analysis of the 2020–2021 Santa Fe Seismic Sequence in the Granada Basin, Spain: Relocations and Focal Mechanisms Available to Purchase
Paleozoic orogenies and relative plate motions at the sutures of the Iapetus-Rheic Ocean Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT Early Ordovician to late Permian orogenies at different plate-boundary zones of western Pangea affected continental crust derived from the plates of North America (Laurentia), Europe (East European Craton including Baltica plus Arctida), and Gondwana. The diachronic orogenic processes comprised stages of intraoceanic subduction, formation and accretion of island arcs, and collision of several continents. Using established plate-tectonic models proposed for different regions and time spans, we provide for the first time a generic model that explains the tectonics of the entire Gondwana-Laurussia plate-boundary zone in a consistent way. We combined the plate kinematic model of the Pannotia-Pangea supercontinent cycle with geologic constraints from the different Paleozoic orogens. In terms of oceanic lithosphere, the Iapetus Ocean is subdivided into an older segment (I) and a younger (II) segment. Early Cambrian subduction of the Iapetus I and the Tornquist oceans at active plate boundaries of the East European Craton triggered the breakup of Pannotia, formation of Iapetus II, and the separation of Gondwana from Laurentia. Prolonged subduction of Iapetus I (ca. 530 –430 Ma) culminated in the Scandian collision of the Greenland-Scandinavian Caledonides of Laurussia. Due to plate-tectonic reorganization at ca. 500 Ma, seafloor spreading of Iapetus II ceased, and the Rheic Ocean opened. This complex opening scenario included the transformation of passive continental margins into active ones and culminated in the Ordovician Taconic and Famatinian accretionary orogenies at the peri-Laurentian margin and at the South American edge of Gondwana, respectively. Rifting along the Avalonian-Cadomian belt of peri-Gondwana resulted in the separation of West Avalonian arc terranes and the East Avalonian continent. The vast African/Arabian shelf was affected by intracontinental extension and remained on the passive peri-Gondwana margin of the Rheic Ocean. The final assembly of western Pangea was characterized by the prolonged and diachronous closure of the Rheic Ocean (ca. 400–270 Ma). Continental collision started within the Variscan-Acadian segment of the Gondwana-Laurussia plate-boundary zone. Subsequent zipper-style suturing affected the Gondwanan Mauritanides and the conjugate Laurentian margin from north to south. In the Appalachians, previously accreted island-arc terranes were affected by Alleghanian thrusting. The fold-and-thrust belts of southern Laurentia, i.e., the Ouachita-Marathon-Sonora orogenic system, evolved from the transformation of a vast continental shelf area into a collision zone. From a geodynamic point of view, an intrinsic feature of the model is that initial breakup of Pannotia, as well as the assembly of western Pangea, was facilitated by subduction and seafloor spreading at the leading and the trailing edges of the North American plate and Gondwana, respectively. Slab pull as the plate-driving force is sufficient to explain the entire Pannotia–western Pangea supercontinent cycle for the proposed scenario.