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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Cascade Range (1)
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Coast Ranges (1)
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Columbia River (1)
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North America (1)
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Pacific Coast (2)
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United States
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Columbia Plateau (1)
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Oregon
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Clatsop County Oregon (1)
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Columbia County Oregon (12)
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Malheur County Oregon (1)
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Marion County Oregon (1)
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Multnomah County Oregon (2)
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Washington County Oregon (1)
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Willamette Valley (1)
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Washington
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Cowlitz County Washington (2)
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Pacific County Washington (1)
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Skamania County Washington
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Mount Saint Helens (1)
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Toutle River (1)
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Wahkiakum County Washington (1)
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Western U.S. (2)
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commodities
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bauxite deposits (1)
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energy sources (2)
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metal ores
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aluminum ores (1)
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iron ores (1)
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oil and gas fields (3)
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petroleum
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natural gas (4)
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elements, isotopes
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silicon (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (3)
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Grande Ronde Basalt (2)
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middle Miocene (1)
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Saddle Mountains Basalt (1)
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Wanapum Basalt (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene (1)
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upper Eocene
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Cowlitz Formation (2)
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
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basalts
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flood basalts (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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calcite (1)
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minerals (5)
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oxides
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gibbsite (1)
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silicates
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aluminosilicates (1)
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framework silicates
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zeolite group
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analcime (1)
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garronite (1)
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heulandite (1)
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mesolite (1)
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mordenite (1)
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natrolite (1)
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scolecite (1)
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sheet silicates (1)
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Primary terms
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bauxite deposits (1)
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (3)
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Grande Ronde Basalt (2)
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middle Miocene (1)
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Saddle Mountains Basalt (1)
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Wanapum Basalt (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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middle Eocene (1)
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upper Eocene
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Cowlitz Formation (2)
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crystal chemistry (2)
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crystal growth (1)
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crystal structure (4)
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economic geology (3)
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energy sources (2)
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folds (1)
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geochemistry (2)
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geomorphology (1)
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igneous rocks
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volcanic rocks
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basalts
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flood basalts (1)
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lava (1)
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metal ores
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aluminum ores (1)
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iron ores (1)
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mineralogy (5)
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minerals (5)
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North America (1)
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oil and gas fields (3)
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Pacific Coast (2)
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paleogeography (1)
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paragenesis (1)
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petroleum
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natural gas (4)
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sedimentary petrology (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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bauxite (1)
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (1)
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sandstone (2)
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sedimentary structures
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secondary structures
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armored mud balls (1)
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sedimentation (1)
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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mud (1)
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silicon (1)
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soils
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laterites (1)
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stratigraphy (2)
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United States
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Columbia Plateau (1)
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Oregon
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Clatsop County Oregon (1)
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Columbia County Oregon (12)
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Malheur County Oregon (1)
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Marion County Oregon (1)
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Multnomah County Oregon (2)
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Washington County Oregon (1)
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Willamette Valley (1)
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Washington
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Cowlitz County Washington (2)
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Pacific County Washington (1)
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Skamania County Washington
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Mount Saint Helens (1)
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Toutle River (1)
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Wahkiakum County Washington (1)
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Western U.S. (2)
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-
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks
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bauxite (1)
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clastic rocks
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conglomerate (1)
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sandstone (2)
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sedimentary structures
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channels (1)
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sedimentary structures
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secondary structures
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armored mud balls (1)
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sediments
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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mud (1)
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soils
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soils
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laterites (1)
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ABSTRACT Miocene flood basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group inundated eastern Washington, Oregon, and adjacent Idaho between 17 and 6 Ma. Some of the more voluminous flows followed the ancestral Columbia River across the Cascade arc, Puget-Willamette trough, and the Coast Range to the Pacific Ocean. We have used field mapping, chemistry, and paleomagnetic directions to trace individual flows and flow packages from the Columbia River Gorge westward into the Astoria Basin, where they form pillow palagonite complexes and mega-invasive bodies into older marine sedimentary rocks. Flows of the Grande Ronde, Wanapum, and Saddle Mountains Basalts all made it to the ocean; at least 33 flows are recognized in the western Columbia River Gorge, 50 in the Willamette Valley, 16 in the lower Columbia River Valley, and at least 12 on the Oregon side of the Astoria Basin. In the Astoria Basin, the basalt flows loaded and invaded the wet marine sediments, producing peperite breccias, soft sediment deformation, and complex invasive relations. Mega-invasive sills up to 500 m thick were emplaced into strata as old as Eocene, and invasive dikes up to 90 m thick can be traced continuously for 25 km near the basin margin. Mega-pillow complexes up to a kilometer thick are interpreted as the remains of lava deltas that prograded onto the shelf and a filled submarine canyon southeast of Astoria, possibly providing the hydraulic head for injection of invasive sills and dikes at depth.