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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Southern Africa
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Karoo Basin (1)
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West Africa
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Kyushu
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geologic age
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Paleozoic
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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igneous rocks
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framework silicates
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orthosilicates
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ring silicates
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sheet silicates
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sulfides
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Primary terms
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absolute age (37)
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academic institutions (1)
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Africa
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Southern Africa
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West Africa
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Asia
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Far East
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Usu (2)
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Honshu
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Kyushu
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Unzen (2)
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Luzon
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Mount Pinatubo (1)
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Indian Peninsula
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carbon
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C-14 (9)
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Caribbean region
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West Indies
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Antilles
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Lesser Antilles
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Martinique
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Mount Pelee (1)
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Saint Vincent (1)
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Soufriere (2)
-
-
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Caribbean Mountain Range (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Cordilleran ice sheet (2)
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Hat Creek Basalt (1)
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Holocene
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upper Holocene (7)
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Mazama Ash (2)
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Pleistocene
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Bishop Tuff (1)
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Lake Missoula (1)
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middle Pleistocene (1)
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upper Pleistocene (4)
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upper Quaternary (4)
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Tertiary
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Challis Volcanics (1)
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John Day Formation (1)
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lower Tertiary (2)
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middle Tertiary (3)
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Neogene
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Deschutes Formation (4)
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Miocene
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Columbia River Basalt Group (7)
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Ellensburg Formation (2)
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Frenchman Springs Member (1)
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Grande Ronde Basalt (2)
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Picture Gorge Basalt (2)
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upper Miocene (4)
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Yakima Basalt (1)
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Pliocene
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Ringold Formation (1)
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upper Neogene (1)
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Paleogene
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Eocene
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Chumstick Formation (2)
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middle Eocene
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Tyee Formation (2)
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Oligocene
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upper Oligocene
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Chattian (1)
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Paleocene
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upper Cenozoic (4)
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Central America
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Chordata
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earthquakes (36)
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East Pacific Ocean Islands
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Europe
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Western Europe
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explosions (2)
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igneous rocks
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granodiorites (6)
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quartz monzonite (2)
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ultramafics
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peridotites
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pyroxenite (1)
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volcanic rocks
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andesites (15)
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basalts
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flood basalts (3)
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dacites (4)
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glasses
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obsidian (2)
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volcanic glass (1)
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pyroclastics
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ash-flow tuff (1)
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ignimbrite (1)
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pumice (5)
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tuff (1)
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rhyolites (3)
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inclusions
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fluid inclusions (2)
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intrusions (24)
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Invertebrata
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Echinodermata
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Mollusca
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Cephalopoda
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Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
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Radiolaria (2)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (9)
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stable isotopes
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land use (1)
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lava (20)
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lineation (2)
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mantle (15)
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maps (6)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
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Queen Charlotte Group (1)
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Upper Cretaceous
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Campanian (2)
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Hornbrook Formation (3)
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Maestrichtian (2)
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Senonian (2)
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Turonian (1)
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Franciscan Complex (2)
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Jurassic
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Coast Range Ophiolite (1)
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Smartville Complex (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Galice Formation (1)
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Josephine Ophiolite (2)
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McHugh Complex (1)
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Triassic
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Lower Triassic
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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metal ores
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metals
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actinides
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alkaline earth metals
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calcium (1)
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magnesium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-86 (1)
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Sr-87 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (3)
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aluminum (2)
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iron (4)
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lead
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Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207 (1)
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manganese (1)
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platinum group
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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platinum ores (1)
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rare earths
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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gneisses
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orthogneiss (1)
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metaigneous rocks
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metasedimentary rocks (1)
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schists
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metamorphism (13)
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Mexico
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mineral deposits, genesis (4)
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mineralogy (7)
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minerals (5)
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Mohorovicic discontinuity (1)
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noble gases
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helium
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He-3 (1)
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He-4/He-3 (1)
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North America
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Appalachians (1)
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Basin and Range Province
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Great Basin (2)
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Coast plutonic complex (1)
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North American Cordillera
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North American Craton (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Rocky Mountains foreland (1)
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Yukon-Tanana Terrane (1)
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Oceania
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Polynesia
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Hawaii
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Hawaii County Hawaii
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Hawaii Island
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Kilauea (3)
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oceanography (1)
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oil and gas fields (1)
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orogeny (7)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (5)
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Pacific Coast (11)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Cascadia Basin (1)
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Juan de Fuca Ridge (1)
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Southeast Pacific
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Chile Ridge (1)
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific
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Cascadia Basin (1)
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Juan de Fuca Ridge (1)
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Northwest Pacific (1)
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South Pacific
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West Pacific
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paleobotany (1)
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paleoclimatology (5)
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paleomagnetism (10)
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paleontology (3)
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Paleozoic
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Carboniferous
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Chilliwack Group (2)
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Permian
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Upper Permian
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Permian-Triassic boundary (1)
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palynomorphs
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miospores
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pollen (2)
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paragenesis (1)
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petroleum
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natural gas (1)
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petrology (34)
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phase equilibria (7)
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Plantae
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algae
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diatoms (1)
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Spermatophyta
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plate tectonics (42)
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pollution (1)
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic
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Huronian
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Gowganda Formation (1)
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remote sensing (3)
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reservoirs (2)
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roads (1)
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rock mechanics (2)
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sea-floor spreading (1)
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sea-level changes (4)
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sedimentary petrology (8)
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sedimentary rocks
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bauxite (1)
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carbonate rocks
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limestone (2)
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travertine (2)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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weathering crust (1)
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clastic rocks
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arkose (1)
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claystone (2)
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conglomerate (3)
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mudstone (2)
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sandstone (4)
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tillite (1)
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coal (1)
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sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
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stromatolites (1)
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planar bedding structures
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cross-bedding (2)
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cross-stratification (1)
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laminations (1)
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soft sediment deformation
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turbidity current structures (1)
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sedimentation (22)
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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drift (3)
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sand (1)
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till (1)
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peat (1)
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seismology (15)
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shorelines (1)
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slope stability (8)
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soils
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South America
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Chile
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Colombia
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spectroscopy (1)
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United States
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Western U.S. (22)
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rock formations
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sedimentary rocks
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chemically precipitated rocks
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clastic rocks
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arkose (1)
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sedimentary structures
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channels (7)
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soft sediment deformation
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turbidity current structures (1)
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sediments
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sediments
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soils
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Reference 1D Seismic Velocity Models for Volcano Monitoring and Imaging: Methods, Models, and Applications
Probing Deep Hydrogen Using Electrical Conductivity
A Population‐Based Performance Evaluation of the ShakeAlert Earthquake Early Warning System for M 9 Megathrust Earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.
Previously melt-depleted mantle beneath the Cascades Range arc
Implications of glacial deposit ages for the timing and rate of active crustal faulting in the central Cascade arc, Oregon, USA
Why Study The Cascade Arc?
Cascadia: Subduction and People
Quaternary Volcanism in the Cascade Arc
Volcano, Earthquake, and Tsunami Hazards of the Cascadia Subduction Zone
Tectonics and Geodynamics of the Cascadia Subduction Zone
Cenozoic magmatism and plate tectonics in western North America: Have we got it wrong?
ABSTRACT The current tectonic framework for understanding Cenozoic magmatism in western North America was laid out in a series of influential papers in the early days of the plate-tectonics revolution. These ideas, largely developed through deductive analysis, were so revolutionary yet seemingly self-evident that they quickly passed from hypothesis to axiom. These include the following. (1) Inboard and outboard sweeps of magmatism resulted from shallowing and then rapid steepening of a subducted slab. (2) The Oligocene–Miocene ignimbrite flareup resulted from sinking and rollback of a shallow slab. (3) Late Cenozoic basaltic magmatism resulted from opening of a slab window. (4) The current Cascade arc is the remnant of a much more continuous ancestral arc that ran the length of western North America. When tested against current databases of igneous rock ages and chemical analyses, these conjectures largely fail; some are clearly contradicted, whereas others are possible but ad hoc and unfalsifiable. Ironically, the plate-tectonics revolution nicely explains plate-boundary magmatism in much of the world but is less successful in western North America, where many of these links were first developed. It is time for a second revolution.
Stratigraphy, age, and provenance of the Eocene Chumstick basin, Washington Cascades; implications for paleogeography, regional tectonics, and development of strike-slip basins: Comment
The Mount Hood fault zone, active faulting at the crest of the dynamic Cascade Range, north-central Oregon, USA
ABSTRACT The Mount Hood fault zone is a N-trending, ~55-km-long zone of active faulting along the western margin of the Hood River graben in north-central Oregon. The Mount Hood fault zone occurs along the crest of the Cascade Range and consists of multiple active fault segments. It is presently unclear how much Hood River graben extension is actively accommodated on the fault zone, and how Cascade intra-arc extension accommodates regional patterns of clockwise rotation and northwest translation of crustal blocks in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Evidence for Holocene activity on the Mount Hood fault zone was discovered in 2009 after acquisition of high-resolution lidar topography of the area. This trip will visit sites displaying evidence of Holocene surface rupture on fault strands within the Mount Hood fault zone. Day 1 starts with a two-hour drive from Portland to Mount Hood, a 3429-m-high glaciated active volcano, where we will visit sites south of the summit along the Twin Lakes fault segment, including several fault scarps and two sites where dating of offset buried soils constrains the timing of the most recent surface-rupturing event to the Holocene. Day 1 includes two hikes of ~1 km and will be partly cross-country. The trip will overnight at the historic Timberline Lodge, an architectural masterpiece from the Civilian Conservation Corps (1933–1942) era, located at tree line on the southern flank of Mount Hood. Day 2 will visit sites north of the summit, stopping along the Blue Ridge fault segment to view the site of 2011 paleoseismic trenches and an offset glacial moraine. We will visit an unusual uphill-facing scarp in coarse talus along the Gate Creek fault segment near the north end of the Mount Hood fault zone. We will conclude Day 2 with a short hike into the Mark O. Hatfield Wilderness along the Gate Creek fault segment to view evidence of a surface-rupturing earthquake that occurred only a few centuries ago, illuminated by a nearby paleoseismic trench hand-dug in 2020. Our neotectonic and paleoseismic data are among the first efforts to document and characterize seismic sources within the Mount Hood fault zone. However, even with our new age data, fault slip rates and earthquake recurrence remain poorly constrained. With our limited earthquake timing data, it is not clear whether all segments of the Mount Hood fault zone rupture together as a ≥ M 7 earthquake, or alternatively, if the fault segments rupture independently in a sequence of smaller ~M 6–sized events.
The eight field trips in this volume, associated with GSA Connects 2021 held in Portland, Oregon, USA, reflect the rich and varied geological legacy of the Pacific Northwest. The western margin of North America has had a complex subduction and transform history throughout the Phanerozoic, building a collage of terranes. The terrain has been modified by Cenozoic sedimentation, magmatism, and faulting related to Cascadia subduction, passage of the Yellowstone hot spot, and north and westward propagation of the Basin and Range province. The youngest flood basalt province on Earth also inundated the landscape, while the mighty Columbia watershed kept pace with arc construction and funneled epic ice-age floods from the craton to the coast. Additional erosive processes such as landslides continue to shape this dynamic geological wonderland.