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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
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GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Elk Point Basin (1)
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Western Canada
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Alberta
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Red Deer River valley (3)
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Manitoba (1)
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Red Deer River (1)
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Saskatchewan (11)
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Cedar Hill Field (1)
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Chicxulub Crater (1)
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Europe
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Central Europe
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Germany
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Hesse Germany
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Messel Germany (1)
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Sweden (1)
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International Ocean Discovery Program (1)
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Mexico (1)
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North America
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Great Plains
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Northern Great Plains (6)
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North American Craton (2)
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Absaroka Range
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Sweetgrass Arch (1)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (1)
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Williston Basin (68)
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Rice Lake (1)
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United States
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Colorado (3)
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Illinois (1)
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Iowa (1)
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Kansas
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Ellsworth County Kansas (1)
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Little Missouri River basin (3)
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Midcontinent (1)
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Missouri River (3)
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Montana
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Big Horn County Montana (2)
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Big Snowy Mountains (1)
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Carbon County Montana (1)
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Custer County Montana (3)
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Daniels County Montana (2)
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Dawson County Montana (9)
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Fallon County Montana (5)
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Fergus County Montana (2)
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Garfield County Montana (50)
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Hill County Montana (2)
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Liberty County Montana (1)
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McCone County Montana (25)
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Phillips County Montana (6)
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Pondera County Montana (1)
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Powder River County Montana (3)
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Prairie County Montana (1)
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Richland County Montana (10)
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Roosevelt County Montana (2)
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Rosebud County Montana (4)
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Sheridan County Montana (9)
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Toole County Montana (1)
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Valley County Montana (4)
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Wibaux County Montana (1)
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Nebraska
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Kimball County Nebraska (1)
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New Mexico (2)
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North Dakota
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Billings County North Dakota (13)
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Bottineau County North Dakota (6)
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Bowman County North Dakota (9)
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Burke County North Dakota (5)
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Burleigh County North Dakota (1)
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Divide County North Dakota (1)
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Dunn County North Dakota (7)
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Golden Valley County North Dakota (2)
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Grant County North Dakota (1)
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McHenry County North Dakota (2)
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McKenzie County North Dakota (16)
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McLean County North Dakota (2)
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Mercer County North Dakota (4)
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Morton County North Dakota (3)
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Mountrail County North Dakota (7)
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Oliver County North Dakota (3)
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Renville County North Dakota (7)
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Sheridan County North Dakota (1)
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Sioux County North Dakota (1)
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Slope County North Dakota (18)
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Stark County North Dakota (7)
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Ward County North Dakota (2)
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Williams County North Dakota (4)
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Oklahoma
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Canadian County Oklahoma (1)
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Powder River basin (4)
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Sevier orogenic belt (1)
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South Dakota
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Harding County South Dakota (2)
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Texas (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Absaroka Range
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Beartooth Mountains (1)
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Washington
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Ferry County Washington (1)
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West Virginia
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Marshall County West Virginia (1)
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Western U.S. (1)
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Wyoming
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Johnson County Wyoming (1)
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Niobrara County Wyoming (6)
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Park County Wyoming (1)
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Yellowstone River (3)
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Wind River basin (1)
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commodities
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brines (3)
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coal deposits (1)
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energy sources (10)
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metal ores
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oil and gas fields (28)
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petroleum
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natural gas (11)
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potash (1)
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tight sands (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (7)
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C-14 (1)
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organic carbon (5)
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chemical ratios (1)
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
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isotope ratios (10)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (7)
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D/H (1)
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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metals
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alkali metals
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sodium (1)
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alkaline earth metals
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
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iron (1)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-204 (1)
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Pb-207/Pb-206 (1)
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manganese (1)
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platinum group
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iridium (3)
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osmium (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (7)
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trace metals (1)
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fossils
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borings (2)
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burrows (2)
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Chordata
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Vertebrata
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Pisces
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Chondrichthyes (1)
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Osteichthyes
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Actinopterygii
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Chondrostei (2)
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Teleostei (1)
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-
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Tetrapoda
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Amphibia
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Lissamphibia
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Caudata
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Urodela (1)
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-
-
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Mammalia
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Multituberculata (4)
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Theria
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Eutheria
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Artiodactyla
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Ruminantia
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Bovidae
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Bos (1)
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Taeniodonta (2)
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Metatheria
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Marsupialia (2)
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-
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Reptilia
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Anapsida
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Testudines
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Cryptodira (1)
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-
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Diapsida
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Archosauria
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Crocodilia (1)
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dinosaurs
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Ornithischia
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Ankylosauria (2)
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Ceratopsia
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Ceratopsidae
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Triceratops (6)
-
-
-
Ornithopoda
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Hadrosauridae (4)
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-
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Saurischia
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Theropoda
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Carnosauria (1)
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Coelurosauria
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Dromaeosauridae (1)
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Tyrannosauridae
-
Tyrannosaurus
-
Tyrannosaurus rex (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sauropterygia
-
Plesiosauria
-
Elasmosauridae (1)
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
coprolites (1)
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ichnofossils
-
Ophiomorpha
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Ophiomorpha nodosa (1)
-
-
Rhizocorallium (1)
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Skolithos (1)
-
-
Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Malacostraca
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Brachyura (1)
-
-
Ostracoda
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Podocopida
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Cypridocopina
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Cyprididae
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Candona (1)
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-
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-
-
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Insecta
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Pterygota
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Neoptera
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Endopterygota
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Diptera (1)
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Trichoptera (1)
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Brachiopoda (1)
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Bryozoa (1)
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Cnidaria
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Anthozoa (1)
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Echinodermata (1)
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Mollusca
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Bivalvia
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Ostreoidea
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Ostreidae (1)
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Palaeoheterodonta
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Unionidae (2)
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-
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Cephalopoda
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Ammonoidea
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Ammonites (2)
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-
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Gastropoda (2)
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Protista
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Foraminifera (1)
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Radiolaria (1)
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microfossils
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Conodonta (2)
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palynomorphs
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Dinoflagellata (1)
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megaspores (1)
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miospores
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pollen (4)
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Plantae
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algae
-
Chlorophyta
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Chlorophyceae
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Codiaceae
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Halimeda (1)
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-
-
-
-
Pteridophyta (3)
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Pteropsida (1)
-
Spermatophyta
-
Angiospermae
-
Dicotyledoneae (1)
-
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Gymnospermae (3)
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-
-
-
geochronology methods
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Ar/Ar (5)
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K/Ar (1)
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paleomagnetism (6)
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Rb/Sr (3)
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U/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
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Holocene
-
upper Holocene (2)
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-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikaree Group (1)
-
Florissant Lake Beds (1)
-
lower Tertiary (5)
-
Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
-
Miocene
-
Wood Mountain Formation (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Chadron Formation (2)
-
Eocene
-
Golden Valley Formation (3)
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
lower Paleogene (1)
-
Oligocene
-
Brule Formation (2)
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Bullion Creek Formation (2)
-
Lebo Member (1)
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (27)
-
Puercan (5)
-
Torrejonian (1)
-
-
Ludlow Member (6)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (1)
-
Sentinel Butte Formation (2)
-
Tongue River Member (5)
-
Tullock Member (18)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Tiffanian (1)
-
-
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
White River Group (2)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (1)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Mowry Shale (1)
-
-
Mancos Shale (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bearpaw Formation (4)
-
Belle Fourche Shale (1)
-
Campanian (5)
-
Carlile Shale (1)
-
Cenomanian (1)
-
Cody Shale (1)
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Coniacian (1)
-
Eagle Sandstone (1)
-
Fox Hills Formation (3)
-
Frontier Formation (1)
-
Greenhorn Limestone (2)
-
Hell Creek Formation (60)
-
Judith River Formation (5)
-
K-T boundary (27)
-
Lance Formation (6)
-
Maestrichtian
-
upper Maestrichtian (4)
-
-
Niobrara Formation (2)
-
Oldman Formation (1)
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Pierre Shale (6)
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Senonian (14)
-
-
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Jurassic (4)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian (1)
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Carboniferous
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Mississippian
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Charles Formation (5)
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Lower Mississippian
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Lodgepole Formation (6)
-
-
Madison Group (9)
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (12)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
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Lower Pennsylvanian (1)
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-
-
Deadwood Formation (1)
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Devonian
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Middle Devonian
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Marcellus Shale (1)
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Prairie Evaporite (1)
-
Winnipegosis Formation (4)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Birdbear Formation (1)
-
Duperow Formation (4)
-
Nisku Formation (1)
-
-
-
middle Paleozoic (1)
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Ordovician
-
Middle Ordovician
-
Winnipeg Formation (1)
-
-
Upper Ordovician
-
Cincinnatian
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Richmondian (1)
-
-
Red River Formation (15)
-
-
-
Permian
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Guadalupian (1)
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Lower Permian
-
Opeche Shale (1)
-
-
Middle Permian (1)
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Rustler Formation (1)
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Upper Permian
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Salado Formation (1)
-
-
-
Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery
-
Interlake Formation (4)
-
-
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Bakken Formation (20)
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Kaskaskia Sequence (2)
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-
Woodford Shale (1)
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Phanerozoic (1)
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Precambrian
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Archean (1)
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic (1)
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-
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igneous rocks
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igneous rocks
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plutonic rocks
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lamproite (3)
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lamprophyres (2)
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volcanic rocks
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glasses (1)
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phonolites (1)
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pyroclastics (1)
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trachytes (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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metabentonite (1)
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meteorites
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meteorites (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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calcite (1)
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dolomite (8)
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halides
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bromides (1)
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metabentonite (1)
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minerals (2)
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oxides
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armalcolite (1)
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phosphates
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apatite (1)
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francolite (1)
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silicates
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chain silicates
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amphibole group
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clinoamphibole
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hornblende (1)
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-
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pyroxene group
-
clinopyroxene
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diopside (1)
-
-
-
-
framework silicates
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feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
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sanidine (5)
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silica minerals
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opal
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opal-A (1)
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opal-CT (1)
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quartz (1)
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zeolite group
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analcime (1)
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erionite (1)
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offretite (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
-
olivine group
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olivine (1)
-
-
zircon group
-
zircon (3)
-
-
-
sorosilicates
-
epidote group
-
epidote (1)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
halloysite (1)
-
kaolinite (2)
-
smectite (2)
-
-
mica group
-
biotite (4)
-
phlogopite (2)
-
-
-
-
sulfates
-
anhydrite (11)
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (10)
-
asteroids (1)
-
biogeography (5)
-
bitumens (1)
-
brines (3)
-
Canada
-
Elk Point Basin (1)
-
Western Canada
-
Alberta
-
Red Deer River valley (3)
-
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Red Deer River (1)
-
Saskatchewan (11)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (7)
-
C-14 (1)
-
organic carbon (5)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (2)
-
-
-
Tertiary
-
Arikaree Group (1)
-
Florissant Lake Beds (1)
-
lower Tertiary (5)
-
Neogene
-
Hemphillian (1)
-
Miocene
-
Wood Mountain Formation (1)
-
-
-
Paleogene
-
Chadron Formation (2)
-
Eocene
-
Golden Valley Formation (3)
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
upper Eocene (1)
-
-
lower Paleogene (1)
-
Oligocene
-
Brule Formation (2)
-
lower Oligocene (1)
-
-
Paleocene
-
Bullion Creek Formation (2)
-
Lebo Member (1)
-
lower Paleocene
-
K-T boundary (27)
-
Puercan (5)
-
Torrejonian (1)
-
-
Ludlow Member (6)
-
Ravenscrag Formation (1)
-
Sentinel Butte Formation (2)
-
Tongue River Member (5)
-
Tullock Member (18)
-
upper Paleocene
-
Tiffanian (1)
-
-
-
Wasatch Formation (1)
-
White River Group (2)
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes (1)
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii
-
Chondrostei (2)
-
Teleostei (1)
-
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amphibia
-
Lissamphibia
-
Caudata
-
Urodela (1)
-
-
-
-
Mammalia
-
Multituberculata (4)
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Artiodactyla
-
Ruminantia
-
Bovidae
-
Bos (1)
-
-
-
-
Taeniodonta (2)
-
-
Metatheria
-
Marsupialia (2)
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Testudines
-
Cryptodira (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia (1)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia
-
Ankylosauria (2)
-
Ceratopsia
-
Ceratopsidae
-
Triceratops (6)
-
-
-
Ornithopoda
-
Hadrosauridae (4)
-
-
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda
-
Carnosauria (1)
-
Coelurosauria
-
Dromaeosauridae (1)
-
Tyrannosauridae
-
Tyrannosaurus
-
Tyrannosaurus rex (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sauropterygia
-
Plesiosauria
-
Elasmosauridae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (2)
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climate change (1)
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coal deposits (1)
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coprolites (1)
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crust (2)
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dams (1)
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data processing (10)
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diagenesis (21)
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earthquakes (2)
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economic geology (35)
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Europe
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Germany
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Sweden (1)
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faults (7)
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folds (6)
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fractures (5)
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geochemistry (7)
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geochronology (5)
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geomorphology (4)
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geophysical methods (12)
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glacial geology (1)
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government agencies
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survey organizations (1)
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ground water (2)
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hydrogen
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D/H (1)
-
-
hydrology (2)
-
ichnofossils
-
Ophiomorpha
-
Ophiomorpha nodosa (1)
-
-
Rhizocorallium (1)
-
Skolithos (1)
-
-
igneous rocks
-
plutonic rocks
-
lamproite (3)
-
lamprophyres (2)
-
-
volcanic rocks
-
glasses (1)
-
phonolites (1)
-
pyroclastics (1)
-
trachytes (1)
-
-
-
inclusions
-
fluid inclusions (2)
-
-
intrusions (2)
-
Invertebrata
-
Arthropoda
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Mandibulata
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Crustacea
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Malacostraca
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Brachyura (1)
-
-
Ostracoda
-
Podocopida
-
Cypridocopina
-
Cyprididae
-
Candona (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Insecta
-
Pterygota
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
rmacrostrat : An R package for accessing and retrieving data from the Macrostrat geological database Open Access
Hydrocarbon trapping in hydrodynamic salinity gradients: Williston Basin case studies Available to Purchase
Species discrimination in the multituberculate Mesodma Jepsen, 1940 (Mammalia, Allotheria): considerations of size, shape, and form Open Access
A STATISTICAL META-ANALYSIS OF LITHOLOGIC AND OTHER POTENTIAL CONTROLS ON FOSSIL BONE CELLULAR AND SOFT TISSUE PRESERVATION Available to Purchase
Organic petrology of the Upper Ordovician Red River kukersite tight oil and gas play, Williston Basin, North Dakota, United States Available to Purchase
New paddlefishes (Acipenseriformes, Polyodontidae) from the Late Cretaceous Tanis Site of the Hell Creek Formation in North Dakota, USA Open Access
Steady decline in mean annual air temperatures in the first 30 k.y. after the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary Available to Purchase
Evidence of large sturgeons in the Paleocene of North America Open Access
Late Cretaceous sturgeons (Acipenseridae) from North America, with two new species from the Tanis site in the Hell Creek Formation of North Dakota Open Access
Unconventional reservoir characterization by seismic inversion and machine learning of the Bakken Formation Available to Purchase
Three-dimensional seismic interpretation of a meteorite impact feature, Red Wing Creek field, Williston Basin, western North Dakota Available to Purchase
REVISED STRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE LOWER FORT UNION FORMATION (TULLOCK MEMBER, GARFIELD COUNTY, MONTANA, U.S.A.) PROVIDE A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR EXAMINING POST K–PG MAMMALIAN RECOVERY DYNAMICS Available to Purchase
A review of the Bakken petroleum systems in the United States and Canada: Recognizing the importance of the Middle Member play Available to Purchase
Palynology and organic petrography of the Tyler Formation (lower Pennsylvanian), Williston Basin, North Dakota, USA Available to Purchase
Marsupials (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Brule Formation (Whitneyan, Oligocene) North Dakota Available to Purchase
A systematic reappraisal and quantitative study of the nonmarine teleost fishes from the late Maastrichtian of the Western Interior of North America: evidence from vertebrate microfossil localities 1 Available to Purchase
Controls on fracture network characteristics of the middle member of the Bakken Formation, Elm Coulee field, Williston Basin, United States Available to Purchase
Compositional and Diagenetic Controls on Brittleness in Organic Siliceous Mudrocks Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT An evaluation of an integrated data set collected over the past 12 years designed to identify the parameters controlling reservoir quality and production properties in organic, siliceous mudrocks reveals the key diagenetic processes affecting the development of brittleness in siliceous mudrocks. This work was motivated by the failure of early efforts to correlate brittleness to x-ray diffraction (XRD) mineralogy. The outcome of this analysis has been the recognition of two, often overlapping, pathways to brittleness that are determined at the time of deposition by the relative proportions of clay, detrital quartz, and biogenic silica present in the original sediment and are later affected by burial history. One pathway begins with a phyllosilicate–mud-dominated sediment, and the other begins with a sediment containing common or abundant biogenic silica (opal-A). Both pathways are characterized by compactional porosity loss and both eventually include the generation of authigenic quartz cement; however, the source of that authigenic quartz is different between the two pathways. The authigenic quartz that characterizes the first pathway is developed from the illitization of smectite and is precipitated as a cement within the argillaceous matrix. This authigenic quartz is detectable along with the detrital quartz by XRD analysis. All other factors being equal, the volume of brittle, authigenic quartz cement derived from the alteration of smectite is proportional to the volume of original clay. As a result, the effectiveness of this cement to increase the brittleness of the rock may be impacted by the presence of the ductile clays. In the alternate pathway, authigenic quartz is derived from the transformation of biogenic opal-A and is independent of the amount of clay. Much of the XRD quartz volume in rocks derived from biogenic–silica-rich sediment that contained little or no detrital quartz will comprise a brittle, authigenic cement.