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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
-
all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
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South Africa (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Niger (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
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Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Asia
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Indian Peninsula
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Bangladesh (1)
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Bengal (1)
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-
-
Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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North Sea (1)
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-
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Black Hills (1)
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Canada
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Western Canada
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Manitoba (1)
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Saskatchewan (1)
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-
Europe
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Central Europe
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Germany (1)
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Sweden (1)
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-
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Front Range (8)
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Green River basin (3)
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Maverick Basin (1)
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Mexico
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Sonora Mexico (1)
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North America
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Appalachian Basin (2)
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Basin and Range Province (2)
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Great Plains (5)
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Gulf Coastal Plain (3)
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Michigan Basin (1)
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Pedregosa Basin (1)
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Rocky Mountains
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Central Rocky Mountains (1)
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Northern Rocky Mountains (2)
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Southern Rocky Mountains (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Sawatch Range (1)
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Wet Mountains (1)
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-
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Rocky Mountains foreland (1)
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Transcontinental Arch (3)
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Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (1)
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Western Interior
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Western Interior Seaway (5)
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-
Western Overthrust Belt (2)
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Williston Basin (5)
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Permian Basin (3)
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Raton Basin (2)
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San Juan Basin (2)
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Sand Wash Basin (1)
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Sierra Madre (1)
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Silo Field (1)
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South America
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Brazil
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Para Brazil (1)
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United States
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Arizona
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Mogollon Rim (1)
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Bighorn Basin (1)
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California (1)
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Colorado
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Adams County Colorado (2)
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Boulder County Colorado
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Boulder Colorado (1)
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Colorado mineral belt (1)
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Denver County Colorado
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Denver Colorado (1)
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Douglas County Colorado (1)
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El Paso County Colorado
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Colorado Springs Colorado (1)
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Jackson County Colorado (1)
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Jefferson County Colorado
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Golden Colorado (1)
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Larimer County Colorado
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Loveland Colorado (1)
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Logan County Colorado (3)
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Morgan County Colorado (5)
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Piceance Basin (1)
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Pueblo County Colorado (1)
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Sawatch Range (1)
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Sedgwick County Colorado (1)
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Washington County Colorado (2)
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Wattenberg Field (16)
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Weld County Colorado
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Greeley Colorado (4)
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Wet Mountains (1)
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Yuma County Colorado (2)
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Colorado Plateau (1)
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Delaware Basin (1)
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Denver Basin (89)
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Idaho (1)
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Illinois Basin (1)
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Kansas (8)
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Midcontinent (1)
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Montana (5)
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Moxa Arch (1)
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Nebraska
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Cheyenne County Nebraska (1)
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Garden County Nebraska (1)
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Nevada
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Nye County Nevada (1)
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New Mexico
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Jornada del Muerto (1)
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Roosevelt County New Mexico (1)
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Sierra County New Mexico (1)
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North Dakota (1)
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Ogallala Aquifer (1)
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Ohio (1)
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Oklahoma (1)
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Paradox Basin (3)
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Pennsylvania (1)
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Powder River basin (7)
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Sevier orogenic belt (1)
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South Dakota (1)
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Texas
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Bexar County Texas (1)
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Fort Worth Basin (1)
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Llano Uplift (1)
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McLennan County Texas (1)
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Midland Basin (1)
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Roberts County Texas (1)
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West Texas (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Sawatch Range (1)
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Wet Mountains (1)
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Uinta Basin (2)
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Utah
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Kaiparowits Plateau (1)
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Kane County Utah (1)
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West Virginia (1)
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Western U.S. (3)
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Wyoming
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Campbell County Wyoming (1)
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Great Divide Basin (1)
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Laramie Basin (1)
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Laramie County Wyoming (1)
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Sweetwater County Wyoming (1)
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-
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Wind River basin (1)
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commodities
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bitumens (3)
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energy sources (8)
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geothermal energy (2)
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oil and gas fields (33)
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petroleum
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natural gas (21)
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shale oil (2)
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tight sands (1)
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-
elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (7)
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C-14 (2)
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organic carbon (1)
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-
hydrogen (1)
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isotope ratios (3)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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C-14 (2)
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Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (7)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
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-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
-
nitrogen (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
-
fossils
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes (1)
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii
-
Holostei
-
Amiidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amphibia
-
Lissamphibia
-
Caudata (1)
-
-
-
Mammalia
-
Multituberculata (1)
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Insectivora (1)
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Mammuthus
-
Mammuthus columbi (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Testudines
-
Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia (1)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia
-
Ceratopsia
-
Ceratopsidae (1)
-
-
Ornithopoda
-
Hadrosauridae (1)
-
-
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda
-
Carnosauria (1)
-
Coelurosauria
-
Dromaeosauridae (1)
-
Tyrannosauridae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Eosuchia (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Invertebrata
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
-
-
microfossils (1)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Coccolithophoraceae (1)
-
-
-
tracks (1)
-
-
geochronology methods
-
Ar/Ar (2)
-
K/Ar (1)
-
Lu/Hf (1)
-
thermoluminescence (1)
-
U/Pb (3)
-
-
geologic age
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Clovis (1)
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Surma Group (1)
-
-
Ogallala Formation (1)
-
Pliocene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
Frio Formation (1)
-
-
Paleocene (1)
-
Wilcox Group (1)
-
-
-
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (7)
-
Graneros Shale (4)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Bear River Formation (1)
-
Mowry Shale (5)
-
Muddy Sandstone (5)
-
Skull Creek Shale (4)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bridge Creek Limestone Member (1)
-
Campanian
-
lower Campanian (1)
-
-
Carlile Shale (5)
-
Cenomanian
-
upper Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Codell Sandstone Member (8)
-
Fort Hays Limestone Member (3)
-
Greenhorn Limestone (3)
-
Gulfian
-
Eagle Ford Formation (2)
-
-
Laramie Formation (2)
-
Lewis Shale (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Niobrara Formation (21)
-
Parkman Sandstone (1)
-
Pierre Shale (9)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (2)
-
Sharon Springs Member (1)
-
Smoky Hill Chalk Member (4)
-
Turonian
-
lower Turonian (1)
-
upper Turonian (1)
-
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Posidonia Shale (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
-
Haynesville Formation (1)
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
-
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (1)
-
Madison Group (1)
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Desmoinesian (1)
-
-
Morrow Formation (1)
-
Strawn Series (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Virgilian (1)
-
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Marcellus Shale (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Duperow Formation (1)
-
-
-
Minnelusa Formation (3)
-
Ordovician
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (1)
-
Utica Shale (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Kungurian (1)
-
-
Leonardian (1)
-
Wolfcampian (2)
-
-
Lyons Sandstone (4)
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Admire Group (1)
-
Fountain Formation (2)
-
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic (1)
-
Paleoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
-
igneous rocks
-
igneous rocks (1)
-
-
minerals
-
carbonates
-
calcite (1)
-
-
silicates
-
framework silicates
-
feldspar group
-
alkali feldspar
-
sanidine (1)
-
-
-
silica minerals
-
quartz (1)
-
-
-
orthosilicates
-
nesosilicates
-
zircon group
-
zircon (3)
-
-
-
-
sheet silicates
-
clay minerals
-
smectite (2)
-
-
illite (2)
-
-
-
-
Primary terms
-
absolute age (8)
-
Africa
-
Southern Africa
-
South Africa (1)
-
-
West Africa
-
Niger (1)
-
-
-
Arctic Ocean
-
Norwegian Sea (1)
-
-
Asia
-
Indian Peninsula
-
Bangladesh (1)
-
Bengal (1)
-
-
-
Atlantic Ocean
-
North Atlantic
-
North Sea (1)
-
-
-
biogeography (1)
-
bitumens (3)
-
Canada
-
Western Canada
-
Manitoba (1)
-
Saskatchewan (1)
-
-
-
carbon
-
C-13/C-12 (7)
-
C-14 (2)
-
organic carbon (1)
-
-
Cenozoic
-
Quaternary
-
Clovis (1)
-
Holocene
-
upper Holocene (1)
-
-
Pleistocene
-
upper Pleistocene (1)
-
-
upper Quaternary (1)
-
-
Tertiary
-
lower Tertiary (1)
-
Neogene
-
Miocene
-
Surma Group (1)
-
-
Ogallala Formation (1)
-
Pliocene (1)
-
-
Paleogene
-
Eocene
-
lower Eocene (1)
-
-
Oligocene
-
Frio Formation (1)
-
-
Paleocene (1)
-
Wilcox Group (1)
-
-
-
-
Chordata
-
Vertebrata
-
Pisces
-
Chondrichthyes (1)
-
Osteichthyes
-
Actinopterygii
-
Holostei
-
Amiidae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
Tetrapoda
-
Amphibia
-
Lissamphibia
-
Caudata (1)
-
-
-
Mammalia
-
Multituberculata (1)
-
Theria
-
Eutheria
-
Insectivora (1)
-
Proboscidea
-
Elephantoidea
-
Elephantidae
-
Mammuthus
-
Mammuthus columbi (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Reptilia
-
Anapsida
-
Testudines
-
Chelonia (1)
-
-
-
Diapsida
-
Archosauria
-
Crocodilia (1)
-
dinosaurs
-
Ornithischia
-
Ceratopsia
-
Ceratopsidae (1)
-
-
Ornithopoda
-
Hadrosauridae (1)
-
-
-
Saurischia
-
Theropoda
-
Carnosauria (1)
-
Coelurosauria
-
Dromaeosauridae (1)
-
Tyrannosauridae (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
Eosuchia (1)
-
-
-
-
-
-
clay mineralogy (2)
-
climate change (1)
-
data processing (3)
-
deformation (2)
-
diagenesis (8)
-
earthquakes (2)
-
economic geology (38)
-
energy sources (8)
-
engineering geology (1)
-
environmental geology (1)
-
Europe
-
Central Europe
-
Germany (1)
-
-
Western Europe
-
Scandinavia
-
Sweden (1)
-
-
-
-
explosions (1)
-
faults (11)
-
folds (3)
-
fractures (5)
-
geochemistry (8)
-
geochronology (2)
-
geomorphology (2)
-
geophysical methods (17)
-
geothermal energy (2)
-
ground water (7)
-
heat flow (2)
-
hydrogen (1)
-
hydrogeology (2)
-
igneous rocks (1)
-
intrusions (1)
-
Invertebrata
-
Protista
-
Foraminifera (1)
-
-
-
isotopes
-
radioactive isotopes
-
C-14 (2)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
stable isotopes
-
C-13/C-12 (7)
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
magmas (1)
-
maps (3)
-
Mesozoic
-
Cretaceous
-
Dakota Formation (7)
-
Graneros Shale (4)
-
Lower Cretaceous
-
Bear River Formation (1)
-
Mowry Shale (5)
-
Muddy Sandstone (5)
-
Skull Creek Shale (4)
-
-
Middle Cretaceous (1)
-
Upper Cretaceous
-
Bridge Creek Limestone Member (1)
-
Campanian
-
lower Campanian (1)
-
-
Carlile Shale (5)
-
Cenomanian
-
upper Cenomanian (1)
-
-
Codell Sandstone Member (8)
-
Fort Hays Limestone Member (3)
-
Greenhorn Limestone (3)
-
Gulfian
-
Eagle Ford Formation (2)
-
-
Laramie Formation (2)
-
Lewis Shale (1)
-
Maestrichtian (1)
-
Niobrara Formation (21)
-
Parkman Sandstone (1)
-
Pierre Shale (9)
-
Santonian (1)
-
Senonian (2)
-
Sharon Springs Member (1)
-
Smoky Hill Chalk Member (4)
-
Turonian
-
lower Turonian (1)
-
upper Turonian (1)
-
-
-
-
Jurassic
-
Posidonia Shale (1)
-
Upper Jurassic
-
Entrada Sandstone (1)
-
Haynesville Formation (1)
-
Morrison Formation (1)
-
-
-
Triassic (1)
-
-
metals
-
alkaline earth metals
-
strontium
-
Sr-87/Sr-86 (1)
-
-
-
platinum group
-
osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
-
rhenium
-
Re-187/Os-188 (1)
-
-
-
Mexico
-
Sonora Mexico (1)
-
-
nitrogen (1)
-
North America
-
Appalachian Basin (2)
-
Basin and Range Province (2)
-
Great Plains (5)
-
Gulf Coastal Plain (3)
-
Michigan Basin (1)
-
Pedregosa Basin (1)
-
Rocky Mountains
-
Central Rocky Mountains (1)
-
Northern Rocky Mountains (2)
-
Southern Rocky Mountains (1)
-
U. S. Rocky Mountains
-
Sawatch Range (1)
-
Wet Mountains (1)
-
-
-
Rocky Mountains foreland (1)
-
Transcontinental Arch (3)
-
Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (1)
-
Western Interior
-
Western Interior Seaway (5)
-
-
Western Overthrust Belt (2)
-
Williston Basin (5)
-
-
oil and gas fields (33)
-
orogeny (1)
-
oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
paleoclimatology (4)
-
paleogeography (3)
-
paleontology (1)
-
Paleozoic
-
Cambrian
-
Upper Cambrian
-
Lamotte Sandstone (1)
-
-
-
Carboniferous
-
Mississippian
-
Barnett Shale (1)
-
Madison Group (1)
-
Mission Canyon Limestone (1)
-
-
Pennsylvanian
-
Lower Pennsylvanian (1)
-
Middle Pennsylvanian
-
Desmoinesian (1)
-
-
Morrow Formation (1)
-
Strawn Series (1)
-
Upper Pennsylvanian
-
Virgilian (1)
-
-
-
-
Devonian
-
Middle Devonian
-
Marcellus Shale (1)
-
-
Upper Devonian
-
Duperow Formation (1)
-
-
-
Minnelusa Formation (3)
-
Ordovician
-
Middle Ordovician (1)
-
Upper Ordovician (1)
-
Utica Shale (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Lower Permian
-
Cisuralian
-
Artinskian (1)
-
Kungurian (1)
-
-
Leonardian (1)
-
Wolfcampian (2)
-
-
Lyons Sandstone (4)
-
-
upper Paleozoic
-
Admire Group (1)
-
Fountain Formation (2)
-
-
-
petroleum
-
natural gas (21)
-
shale oil (2)
-
-
Phanerozoic (2)
-
Plantae
-
algae
-
Coccolithophoraceae (1)
-
-
-
plate tectonics (1)
-
pollution (2)
-
Precambrian
-
Archean (1)
-
upper Precambrian
-
Proterozoic
-
Mesoproterozoic (1)
-
Neoproterozoic (1)
-
Paleoproterozoic (1)
-
-
-
-
remote sensing (3)
-
rock mechanics (2)
-
sea-level changes (9)
-
sedimentary petrology (5)
-
sedimentary rocks
-
carbonate rocks
-
chalk (4)
-
dolostone (1)
-
limestone (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
arkose (1)
-
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Impact of natural fractures on hydraulic fracture propagation in Denver-Julesburg Basin: Insights from a decade of research Available to Purchase
Quantitative multistage fracturing efficiency evaluation using cross-well strain measurements Available to Purchase
The edge of a Permian erg: Eolian facies and provenance of the Lyons Sandstone in northern Colorado Available to Purchase
Sedimentological and geochemical insights into the opening of the Cretaceous interior seaway: The Lower Cretaceous Skull Creek Formation, Colorado Available to Purchase
Challenges and best practices in interpreting crosswell strain signals to monitor multicrew zipper-fracturing operations Available to Purchase
Investigations of Ambient Noise Velocity Variations in a Region of Induced Seismicity near Greeley, Colorado Open Access
Improving reservoir characterization and time-lapse seismic through joint inversion of PP- and PS-wave seismic data Available to Purchase
State of stress in areas of active unconventional oil and gas development in North America Available to Purchase
U-Pb and Hf Isotopic Evidence on the Sources and Sinks of Grenvillian Detrital Zircons in Early Laurentia Available to Purchase
Bitumen geochemistry and producibility in the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation shale oil play Available to Purchase
Multidisciplinary analysis of hydraulic stimulation and production effects within the Niobrara and Codell reservoirs, Wattenberg Field, Colorado — Part 1: Baseline reservoir conditions Available to Purchase
Multidisciplinary analysis of hydraulic stimulation and production effects within the Niobrara and Codell reservoirs, Wattenberg Field, Colorado — Part 2: Analysis of hydraulic fracturing and production Available to Purchase
A case study of vertical hydraulic fracture growth, stress variations with depth and shear stimulation in the Niobrara Shale and Codell Sand, Denver-Julesburg Basin, Colorado Available to Purchase
Sequence stratigraphy of the Niobrara Formation: Implications for age-constraining tectonic events and stratigraphic complexities in the Denver-Julesburg Basin, United States Available to Purchase
Regional chronostratigraphic synthesis of the Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) interval, Western Interior Basin (USA): New Re-Os chemostratigraphy and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronology Available to Purchase
Target-oriented model-based seismic footprint analysis and mitigation Available to Purchase
Diagenetic Evolution of Organic Matter Cements: Implications for Unconventional Shale Reservoir Quality Prediction Available to Purchase
ABSTRACT A new model is proposed to predict porosity in organic matter for unconventional shale reservoirs. This model is based on scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations that reveal porosity in organic matter is associated with secondary porosity developed within organic matter cement that fills void space preserved prior to oil generation. The organic matter cement is interpreted as solid bitumen resulting from the thermal alteration of residual oil retained in the source rock following oil expulsion. Pores are interpreted to develop within the solid bitumen as a result of thermal cracking and gas generation at increased levels of thermal maturity, transforming the solid bitumen to pyrobitumen. The pyrobitumen porosity model is an improvement over existing kerogen porosity models that lack petrographic validation. Organic matter porosity is predicted by first estimating the potential volume of organic matter cement by deriving the matrix porosity available at the onset of oil generation from extrapolations of lithologic specific compaction profiles. The fraction of organic matter cement converted to porosity in the gas window is then calculated by applying porosity conversion ratios derived from SEM digital image analysis of analogous shale reservoirs. Further research is required to refine and test the porosity prediction model.