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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Asia
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Far East
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China
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North China Platform (1)
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South China Block (1)
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Cape Ann (1)
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North America
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Great Lakes
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Lake Michigan (5)
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Great Lakes region (1)
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Pacific Coast (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific (1)
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific (1)
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Plum Island (1)
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United States
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Indiana (1)
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Massachusetts
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Essex County Massachusetts (1)
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Michigan
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Michigan Lower Peninsula
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Berrien County Michigan (1)
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Ottawa County Michigan (1)
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Van Buren County Michigan (1)
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Oregon
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Lincoln County Oregon
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Newport Oregon (1)
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Yaquina Bay (1)
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Western U.S. (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic (1)
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Mesozoic (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Middle Cambrian (1)
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Ordovician
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Upper Ordovician (2)
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Primary terms
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Asia
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Far East
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China
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North China Platform (1)
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South China Block (1)
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Cenozoic (1)
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geomorphology (5)
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marine geology (1)
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Mesozoic (1)
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North America
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Great Lakes
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Lake Michigan (5)
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Great Lakes region (1)
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ocean waves (1)
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oceanography (1)
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Pacific Coast (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Northeast Pacific (1)
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North Pacific
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Northeast Pacific (1)
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paleoecology (2)
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paleontology (2)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Middle Cambrian (1)
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Ordovician
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Upper Ordovician (2)
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sedimentary petrology (3)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks (1)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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evaporites (1)
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clastic rocks
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black shale (1)
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sedimentation (7)
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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gravel (1)
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sand (1)
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stratigraphy (2)
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United States
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Indiana (1)
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Massachusetts
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Essex County Massachusetts (1)
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Michigan
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Michigan Lower Peninsula
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Berrien County Michigan (1)
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Ottawa County Michigan (1)
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Van Buren County Michigan (1)
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Oregon
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Lincoln County Oregon
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Newport Oregon (1)
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Yaquina Bay (1)
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Western U.S. (1)
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rock formations
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Pagoda Formation (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks (1)
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chemically precipitated rocks
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evaporites (1)
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clastic rocks
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black shale (1)
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sediments
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sediments
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clastic sediments
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gravel (1)
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sand (1)
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Comparison of Late Ordovician epicontinental seas and their relative bathymetry in North America and China
Harmonic analysis of periodic extinctions
Seasonal variation in beach erosion and sedimentation on the Oregon coast
Abstract Waves and longshore currents, which are responsible for deposition and erosion on sand beaches, are closely tied to storm patterns. Three coastal areas, the eastern shore of Lake Michigan, Mustang Island, Texas and the central Oregon coast, were studied to develop coastal process-response models. Time-series analysis of weather, waves and current data was coupled with frequent beach surveys to construct the models. Thirty-day studies were completed at Holland and Stevensville, Michigan, during the summers of 1969 and 1970. Longshore current was correlated with the first derivative of barometric pressure, and breaker height was correlated with the second derivative. During storms, longshore currents were shunted offshore by beach protuberances and cut through nearshore bars. After the storms, the bars reformed and migrated toward the beach. At Mustang Island, Texas, beach studies were undertaken during the fall and winter of 1971-1972. Weather patterns were dominated by intense, offshore-moving cold fronts or northers marked by a rapid rise in pressure, drop in temperature and sudden reversal in wind direction. Broad beaches are relatively straight with a low seaward slope and two or three nearshore bars. Saddles in the bars are not related to protuberances on the beach. Waves and currents on the Oregon coast are controlled by the East Pacific High in the summer and the North Pacific storm track in the winter. In summer of 1973, strong north winds set up southward flowing longshore currents and frequent upwelling. The summer beaches are characterized by broad intertidal sand bars separated by longshore troughs and rip channels. During winter storms of 1973-74, sand was removed from the beach and stored offshore on subtidal bars. The three areas differ in their response to coastal processes because of their position relative to storm tracks, orientation of the shoreline, tidal range and nearshore topography.