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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Africa
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Central Africa
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Rwanda (1)
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North Africa
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Atlas Mountains
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Primary terms
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Africa
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Rwanda (1)
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North Africa
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Anti-Atlas (3)
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Morocco
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Anti-Atlas (3)
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West Africa
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barite deposits (1)
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Germanium oxidation state and substitution mechanism in Ge-rich sphalerite from MVT deposits: constraints from X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and geometry optimization
Shear-hosted gold mineralization in the Oumé-Fettèkro greenstone belt, Côte d'Ivoire: the Bonikro deposit
Abstract The Bonikro deposit is the first deposit in Côte d'Ivoire where gold has been found within a sheared granodiorite in the zones of boudins and faults. Gold is associated with scheelite and molybdenite in veins. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the characteristics of the shearing and the mineralized veins, and to reveal the timing of their gold deposition in the Bonikro deposit. The investigation in this deposit and the observations of the drill cores have demonstrated the main role played by the shear zone and its three principal mineralized veins: sheeted veins, planar veins and transversal veins. The deposit is dominated by a major structure, the Bonikro Shear Zone (BSZ), which strikes north–south. The BSZ has affected the granitoid and, as a consequence, it has produced two local shears that strike NW and NE. The sheeted veins are the oldest at Bonikro, with a thickness of 1 cm, and sub-parallel sets of quartzo-feldspathic veins composed of milky quartz (70–80%), albite (5–10%) scheelite (up to 15%) and pyrite (up to 5%). They are the main host of the scheelite and also display the more visible gold in the deposit. The planar veins support the powellite and pyrite minerals. The transversal veins occurred later, and are composed of milky quartz (40%), calcite (30%), albite (10%), biotite (15%) and sulfide (molybdenite up to 5%). The molybdenite is the main sulfide. Each vein shows typical minerals and resumes a single generation of setting. These veins are bordered in the granodiorite by a corridor of strong hydrothermal activity, as indicated by sericitization, silicification, chloritization and albitization. Gold is observed in both the granodiorite and the basalt in areas where these lithologies are sheared. It appears that the introduction of the auriferous mineralization at Bonikro post-dates the magmatism, and seems to be syn- to post-tectonic. This direct link between the structural features and the gold deposition has shown that the Bonikro deposit represents a case of shear-controlled gold mineralization.
Multistage development of a hydrothermal W deposit during the Variscan late-orogenic evolution: the Puy-les-Vignes breccia pipe (Massif Central, France)
Fluid–rock interactions along detachment faults during continental rifting and mantle exhumation: the case of the Urdach lherzolite body (North Pyrenees)
Incipient Wolframite Deposition at Panasqueira (Portugal): W-Rich Rutile and Tourmaline Compositions as Proxies for the Early Fluid Composition
Distribution of trace elements in willemite from the Belgium non-sulphide deposits
Basinal Brines at the Origin of the Imiter Ag-Hg Deposit (Anti-Atlas, Morocco): Evidence from LA-ICP-MS Data on Fluid Inclusions, Halogen Signatures, and Stable Isotopes (H, C, O)—A Reply
Direct Observation of Boro-aluminosilicate Melt Compositions: Insights from Raman Spectroscopy of Melt Inclusions in Pegmatitic Tourmaline of the Gatumba-gitarama Area (Rwanda)
Basinal Brines at the Origin of the Imiter Ag-Hg Deposit (Anti-Atlas, Morocco): Evidence from LA-ICP-MS Data on Fluid Inclusions, Halogen Signatures, and Stable Isotopes (H, C, O)
Hot Fluid Flows Around A Major Fault Identified By Paleothermometric Studies (Tim Mersoï Basin, Niger)
Giant quartz vein formation and high-elevation meteoric fluid infiltration into the South Armorican Shear Zone: geological, fluid inclusion and stable isotope evidence
P–T PATH AND FLUID EVOLUTION IN THE FRANQUEIRA GRANITIC PEGMATITE, CENTRAL GALICIA, NORTHWESTERN SPAIN
Brines related to Ag deposition in the Zgounder silver deposit (Anti-Atlas, Morocco)
Temperature of paleo- to modern self-sealing within a continental rift basin; the fluid inclusion data (Soultz-sous-Forets, Rhine Graben, France)
P-V-T-X -fO 2 evolution from wolframite to sulphide depositional stages in intragranitic W-veins; an example from the Spanish Central System
Fluid pressure variations in relation to multistage deformation and uplift; a fluid inclusion study of Au quartz veins
Determinations of water, hydrates and pH in fluid inclusions by micro-Raman spectrometry
Conditions of gold-bearing arsenopyrite crystallization in the Villeranges Basin, Marche-Combrailles shear zone, France; a mineralogical and fluid inclusion study
Gold in Arsenopyrites: Crystal Chemistry, Location and State, Physical and Chemical Conditions of Deposition
Abstract Arsenopyrite constitutes the main gold-bearing mineral in various hydrothermal deposits since its average gold content may reach 1,000 to 2,000 ppm. However, arsenopyrite crystals exhibit heterogeneous gold contents covering a wide range from a few ppm to more than 1 percent. Gold distribution within crystals is relatively poorly known since the in situ analysis and Au mapping by standard analytic techniques is difficult at low Au contents. Since the knowledge of the Au distribution within crystals is of critical importance for ore exploration and beneficiation, a multidisciplinary approach using combined electron microprobe analysis, secondary ion mass spectrometry, atomic absorption, and Mössbauer spectroscopy was carried out on arsenopyrite samples representative of various localities and of a large range of gold contents. The Mössbauer data indicate that gold does not only occur as native gold but also very often and predominantly in a combined state, through a probable Au-As bond, within arsenopyrite crystals. QEM data and SEM images show clear patterns of mineral growth characterized by alternative enrichments in As or Sb-S. Ion images have confirmed the presence of gold in the As-rich zones of the crystals. Thus, gold is heterogeneously distributed and is specifically enriched in growth zones or overgrowths having a relatively homogeneous Au content, a high As content, and low Sb and S contents. However, gold may also occur as irregular patches and in enriched strips or microcracks filled by Au-rich arsenopyrites. Average gold content in arsenopyrite is thus highly variable in a deposit, as a function of the abundance of the Au-rich arsenopyrites and of the distribution of the enriched zones within crystals. Au-rich arsenopyrites crystallize for the most part from aqueous solutions at low fo 2 (around that fixed by the Ni-NiO oxygen buffer), low pH, and frequently at relatively low temperatures ranging from 170° to 250°C. The efficiency of the simultaneous coprecipitation of As and Au seems to be subject to variations of the local physico-chemical conditions controlling the sulfide deposition, especially the stability of the As-Au complexes in relation to the activity of Sb complexes and f s 2 .