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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Altiplano (4)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Skaergaard Intrusion (1)
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Asia
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Far East
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Philippine Islands (1)
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Australasia
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New Zealand
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Taupo volcanic zone (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador
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Kiglapait (1)
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Marble Mountains (1)
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North America
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Wind River Range (1)
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North Island (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Carnegie Ridge (1)
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South America
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Andes
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Central Andes (4)
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Southern Andes (2)
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Bolivia
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Oruro Bolivia (1)
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Chile
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Tarapaca Chile (1)
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Ecuador (1)
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United States
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California
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Siskiyou County California (1)
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Colorado Plateau (1)
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Montana (1)
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Nevada
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Utah
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Garfield County Utah (1)
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Millard County Utah
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San Juan County Utah (1)
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Western U.S. (1)
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Wyoming
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Fremont County Wyoming (1)
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Wind River Range (1)
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commodities
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metal ores
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copper ores (1)
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gold ores (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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chemical ratios (1)
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isotope ratios (9)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (5)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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calcium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
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lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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platinum group
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osmium
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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rare earths
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neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (5)
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rhenium (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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fossils
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Trilobitomorpha
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Trilobita (1)
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Brachiopoda (1)
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geochronology methods
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geologic age
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Paleozoic
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igneous rocks
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porphyry (1)
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pyroclastics (1)
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minerals
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framework silicates
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feldspar group
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alkali feldspar (1)
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plagioclase (1)
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orthosilicates
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nesosilicates
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zircon group
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zircon (1)
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Primary terms
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absolute age (4)
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Arctic region
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Greenland
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Skaergaard Intrusion (1)
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Asia
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Far East
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Philippine Islands (1)
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Australasia
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New Zealand
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Taupo volcanic zone (1)
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Canada
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Eastern Canada
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Newfoundland and Labrador
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Labrador
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Kiglapait (1)
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carbon
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Cenozoic
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Quaternary
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Pleistocene (1)
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene
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lower Miocene (2)
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Paleogene
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Eocene (1)
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Oligocene
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upper Oligocene (1)
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chemical analysis (2)
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crust (7)
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crystal growth (1)
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geochemistry (12)
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geochronology (1)
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geosynclines (1)
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igneous rocks
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hypabyssal rocks (1)
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plutonic rocks
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granites
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biotite granite (1)
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porphyry (1)
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volcanic rocks
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adakites (2)
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basalts (1)
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glasses
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volcanic glass (1)
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pyroclastics (1)
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inclusions (3)
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intrusions (5)
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Invertebrata
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Arthropoda
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Trilobita (1)
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Brachiopoda (1)
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isotopes
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radioactive isotopes
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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stable isotopes
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (5)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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Os-188/Os-187 (1)
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
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lava (3)
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magmas (12)
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mantle (4)
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metal ores
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copper ores (1)
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gold ores (1)
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metals
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alkaline earth metals
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calcium (1)
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strontium
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Sr-87/Sr-86 (11)
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-
lead
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Pb-206/Pb-204 (1)
-
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platinum group
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osmium
-
Os-188/Os-187 (1)
-
-
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rare earths
-
neodymium
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Nd-144/Nd-143 (5)
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rhenium (1)
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metamorphic rocks
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amphibolites (1)
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metavolcanic rocks (1)
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North America
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Rocky Mountains
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Wind River Range (1)
-
-
-
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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Pacific Ocean
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East Pacific
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Carnegie Ridge (1)
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paleoecology (1)
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paleogeography (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Upper Cambrian (1)
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petrology (3)
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phase equilibria (2)
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plate tectonics (3)
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pollution (6)
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Precambrian
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upper Precambrian
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Proterozoic (2)
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sea-level changes (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks (1)
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South America
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Andes
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Central Andes (4)
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Southern Andes (2)
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Bolivia
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Oruro Bolivia (1)
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Chile
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Tarapaca Chile (1)
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Tatara-San Pedro Complex (2)
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Ecuador (1)
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spectroscopy (1)
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tectonics
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neotectonics (1)
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tectonophysics (1)
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United States
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California
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Northern California (1)
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Siskiyou County California (1)
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Colorado Plateau (1)
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Montana (1)
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Nevada
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White Pine County Nevada (1)
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U. S. Rocky Mountains
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Wind River Range (1)
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Utah
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Garfield County Utah (1)
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Henry Mountains (1)
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Millard County Utah
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House Range (1)
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San Juan County Utah (1)
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Western U.S. (1)
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Wyoming
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Fremont County Wyoming (1)
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Teton County Wyoming (1)
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Wind River Range (1)
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-
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volcanology (3)
-
-
sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks (1)
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Plagioclase Zonation: An Archive of Trapped Liquid and Crustal Contamination
Magma mush chemistry at subduction zones, revealed by new melt major element inversion from calcic amphiboles
Characterizing the continental basement of the Central Andes: Constraints from Bolivian crustal xenoliths
Disequilibrium melting during crustal anatexis and implications for modeling open magmatic systems
Frontiers in Textural and Microgeochemical Analysis
Isotopic Microsampling of Magmatic Rocks
Re-Os isotope studies of Mindanao adakites: Implications for sources of metals and melts
Dubious case for slab melting in the Northern volcanic zone of the Andes: Comment and Reply: REPLY
Dubious case for slab melting in the Northern volcanic zone of the Andes
Tertiary tectonic history of the southern Andes: The subvolcanic sequence to the Tatara–San Pedro volcanic complex, lat 36°S
Isotopic disequilibrium during melting of granite and implications for crustal contamination of magmas
Sea-level-driven changes in ocean chemistry at an Upper Cambrian extinction horizon
Volcanic rocks from the Bolivian Altiplano: Insights into crustal structure, contamination, and magma genesis: Comment and Reply
Influence of crustal thickening on arc magmatism:, Nevados de Payachata volcanic region, northern Chile
Volcanic rocks from the Bolivian Altiplano: Insights into crustal structure, contamination, and magma genesis in the central Andes
New age determinations of central Colorado Plateau laccoliths, Utah: Recognizing disturbed K-Ar systematics and re-evaluating tectonomagmatic relationships
Comment and Reply on "Role of subduction erosion in the generation of Andean magmas"
Magmas erupted over the last 20 m.y. within the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes are strongly differentiated and depleted in 143 Nd and enriched in 87 Sr and 18 O ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr >0.705, 143 Nd/ 144 Nd <0.5126, δ 18 O >+6.5‰) relative to intra-oceanic arc magmas. These characteristics may reflect closed-system differentiation from melts of an incompatible element enriched sub-arc mantle (ancient subcontinental lithosphere), or the ubiquitous crustal contamination of island arc-like primitive magmas, derived from an asthenospheric mantle source. It is not possible to choose unambiguously which of these models is applicable, since all of the observed lavas of the CVZ are differentiated relative to melts that could have been in equilibrium with the mantle. We contend that the evidence currently available favors the latter possibility. CVZ volcanic centers are located on exceptionally thick (c. 70 km) continental crust and parent magmas are likely to have ponded and differentiated extensively at one or more levels in the crust during ascent. Furthermore, some compositional characteristics (e.g., δ 18 O >+6.5‰—greater than the δ 18 O values expected from ultramafic mantle; and Pb isotope ratios that exhibit a correspondence with the Pb-isotope composition of the crust through which the magmas were erupted) are consistent with crustal contamination of mantle-derived magmas, rather than closed-system differentiation of mantle-derived magmas, as the process predominantly determining magma evolution in the central Andes.