ABSTRACT The taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and phylogeny of Oligocene Catapsydrax, Globorotaloides, and Protentelloides is reviewed. Catapsydrax and Globorotaloides are long-ranging genera with robust and dissolution-resistant tests. Both genera appeared in the early Eocene. Catapsydrax disappeared in the late Miocene while Globorotaloides has living representatives. Catapsydrax is ubiquitous in its distribution and highly variable in test size. Oligocene species of Globorotaloides are typically small (<250 μm) and usually rare in the tropics but may be common in high latitude and upwelling regions. After little evolutionary change in the Eocene and early Oligocene, Globorotaloides and Catapsydrax diversified at low latitudes in the mid- to late Oligocene resulting in the appearance of several new species and the quasi-clavate genus Protentelloides in the late Oligocene. So far Protentelloides spp. have only been found in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. The following species are recognized as valid: Catapsydrax dissimilis (Cushman and Bermúdez), Catapsydrax indianus Spezzaferri and Pearson, Catapsydrax unicavus Bolli, Loeblich, and Tappan, Globorotaloides atlanticus Spezzaferri and Coxall n. sp., Globorotaloides eovariabilis Huber and Pearson, Globorotaloides hexagonus (Natland), Globorotaloides quadrocameratus Olsson, Pearson and Huber, Globorotaloides stainforthi (Bolli, Loeblich, and Tappan), Globorotaloides suteri Bolli, Globorotaloides testarugosus (Jenkins), Globorotaloides variabilis Bolli, Protentelloides dalhousiei Zhang and Scott, and Protentelloides primitivus Zhang and Scott.

ABSTRACT The taxonomy, phylogeny and biostratigraphy of Oligocene Globigerina, Globigerinella and the new genus Quiltyella is reviewed. Globigerina and Globigerinella are long-ranging genera that extend into the modern. Globigerina appeared in the middle Eocene and diversified in the early Oligocene to give rise to several geographically wide-ranging and cosmopolitan species. Globigerinella originated and diversified in the early Oligocene and includes both common cosmopolitan species together with rare clavate and digitate species that were previously referred to the genus Protentella Lipps. Based on new wall textural studies we describe a third related genus, Quiltyella Coxall and Spezzaferri n. gen., which is always rare and highly geographically restricted. This is distinguished from Globigerina and Globigerinella by the higher pore concentration and extreme digitate chamber morphology. The following species are considered as valid: Globigerina archaeobulloides Hemleben and Olsson n. sp., Globigerina bulloides d’Orbigny, Globigerina officinalis Subbotina, Globigerinella clavaticamerata (Jenkins), Globigerinella megaperta Rögl, Globigerinella molinae (Popescu and Brotea), Globigerinella navazuelensis (Molina), Globigerinella obesa (Bolli), Globigerinella praesiphonifera (Blow), Globigerinella roeglina Spezzaferri and Coxall n. sp., and Globigerinella wagneri (Rögl), Quiltyella clavacella (Rögl), and Quiltyella nazcaensis (Quilty).

ABSTRACT Ciperoella Olsson and Hemleben n. gen. is erected for Oligocene spinose species that have a neogloboquadrinid-type wall texture and 4½-5 similarly sized chambers in the final whorl. Four species are recognized as distinct, namely Ciperoella anguliofficinalis (Blow), Ciperoella angulisuturalis (Bolli), Ciperoella ciperoensis (Bolli), and Ciperoella fariasi (Bermúdez). Their taxonomy, phylogeny, and biostratigraphy is discussed.

ABSTRACT The taxonomy, phylogeny and biostratigraphy of Oligocene and lower Miocene Globoturborotalita is reviewed. Globoturborotalita is a long-ranging genus appearing in the basal Eocene and still present in modern oceans with one living representative G. rubescens. Species attributed to this genus are generally common and cosmopolitan. The following species are recognized as valid: Globoturborotalita barbula Pearson and Wade, Globoturborotalita bassriverensis Olsson and Hemleben, Globoturborotalita brazieri (Jenkins), Globoturborotalita cancellata (Pessagno), Globoturborotalita connecta (Jenkins), Globoturborotalita eolabiacrassata Spezzaferri and Coxall n. sp., Globoturborotalita euapertura (Jenkins), Globoturborotalita gnaucki (Blow and Banner), Globoturborotalita labiacrassata (Jenkins), Globoturborotalita martini (Blow and Banner), Globoturborotalita occlusa (Blow and Banner), Globoturborotalita ouachitaensis (Howe and Wallace), Globoturborotalita paracancellata Olsson and Hemleben n. sp., Globoturborotalita pseudopraebulloides Olsson and Hemleben n. sp., and Globoturborotalita woodi (Jenkins).

ABSTRACT The taxonomy, biostratigraphy and phylogeny of Family Hantkeninidae, incorporating the genera Clavigerinella, Hantkenina and Cribrohantkenina, is reviewed. The family comprises a monophyletic clade that evolved from Parasubbotina in the basal middle Eocene. A total of 16 species are recognized as distinct; Clavigerinella akersi Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan; Clavigerinella caucasica (Subbotina); Clavigerinella colombian a (Petters); Clavigerinella eocanica (Nuttall); Clavigerinella jarvisi (Cushman); Cribrohantkenina inflata (Howe); Hantkenina alabamensis Cushman; Hantkenina australis Finlay; Hantkenina compressa Parr; Hantkenina dumblei Weinzierl and Applin; Hantkenina lehneri Cushman and Jarvis; Hantkenina liebusi Shokhina; Hantkenina mexicana Cushman; Hantkenina nanggulanensis Hartono; Hantkenina primitiva Cushman and Jarvis; and Hantkenina singanoae Pearson and Coxall n. sp.