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NARROW
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Europe
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Abstract A groundwater geochemistry study was carried out on 24 samples collected from different springs and wells situated in a plateau area at an elevation of 200–300 m in the Mehedinţi County, southwestern Romania. The study was motivated by the fact that springs have represented the only source of potable water in the region, only recently completed by tens of metres-deep well drillings. Spring distributions and geological data reveal the presence of a multilayered system situated in the Lower Quaternary deposits. The mean δ 18 O and δ D values of groundwater, −9.8 and −67.8‰, respectively, reflect the yearly weighted mean of the isotopic composition of precipitation, demonstrating locally derived recharge. The Piper ternary diagrams indicate that the dominant hydrochemical type is HCO 3 − –Ca 2+ –Mg 2+ with transition towards higher SO 4 2− and Mg 2+ contents to the deeper aquifer. The anions vary from HCO 3 − with transition to no dominant type and with Cl − contents higher for the shallower aquifer. The sequence of abundance of cations is generally Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > K + > Na + and for anions: HCO 3 − > SO 4 2− > Cl − > NO 3 − > F − . Radiocarbon dating of dissolved inorganic carbon indicates a subrecent recharge of the aquifers. The vertical and lateral variations in groundwater chemistry may vary, and are influenced by lateral lithologic variation of the Quaternary clastic deposits. This is an unpredictable quality factor when taking the decision for the drinking water drill locations.
Abstract For the first time, we present a decadal-scale stable isotope record (δ 18 O, δ 13 C) of 67 speleothem calcite samples coming from an artificial tunnel network located in Graz, Austria. Stable isotope data are interpreted with the help of time series (TS) analysis of mean air temperatures (MAT) and mean annual precipitations (MAP) that have been monitored and recorded in a neighbouring meteorological station. Speleothem records have proved to be very useful in reconstructing changes of environmental conditions. For studied stalagmites, which grew between 1945 and 2018, the δ 18 O values average −18.64‰ and range from −23‰ to −17‰ (VPDB, Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite), suggesting variable climatic conditions. The δ 18 O values of calcite increase along the growth axis and are correlated with high temporal resolution MAT, MAP and weighted mean annual δ 18 O of precipitations. For the same time interval, while the temperature TS show an increasing trend, with a steeper gradient since the 1980s, the precipitation TS presents a weak decreasing tendency. Increase in the δ 13 C values of speleothems from −33‰ to −24‰ (VPDB) is correlated with increasing temperature and drought, associated CO 2 degassing and soil erosion over the tunnel system.
Multiple isotope tracers from Permian-Triassic hydrated sulfates: Implications for fluid-mineral interaction
Bavsiite, Ba 2 V 2 O 2 [Si 4 O 12 ], mineral data and crystal structure
Joanneumite, Cu(C 3 N 3 O 3 H 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 2 , a new mineral from Pabellón de Pica, Chile and the crystal structure of its synthetic analogue
Late Permian to Triassic isotope composition of sulfates in the Eastern Alps: palaeogeographic implications
Abstract We performed detailed geochemical, mineralogical and calcareous nannofossils investigations on two Maastrichtian–Paleocene sections situated in the Eastern Carpathians, Romania. One of the sections is situated in the Carpathian bend area, in the Ialomiţa Valley and is composed of red marine hemipelagic sediments. The other section is located in the northern region of the Eastern Carpathians, along Varniţa Brook and consists mainly of turbidites. In both sections, the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary is characterized by nannoplankton mass extinction (over 90%) of the Cretaceous nannofloras, followed by blooms of survivor taxa, such as the calcareous dinoflagellate genus Thoracosphaera and the nannofloral species Braarudosphaera bigelowii . In the Ialomiţa section, the K–Pg boundary is marked by a drop in calcite and TOC content, as well as a negative excursion in the δ 13 C values of organic material. These trends are only partly present in the Varniţa Brook section, where both calcite and TOC content show a decrease, but no negative excursion is seen in the δ 13 C values of organic material.
KLÖCHITE, K□ 2 (Fe 2+ Fe 3+ )Zn 3 [Si 12 O 30 ], A NEW MILARITE-TYPE MINERAL SPECIES FROM THE KLÖCH VOLCANO, STYRIA, AUSTRIA
AMMINEITE, CuCl 2 (NH 3 ) 2 , A NEW SPECIES CONTAINING AN AMMINE COMPLEX: MINERAL DATA AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
Abstract: The uppermost Cretaceous marine red beds from the Romanian Carpathian bend area were investigated in detail from the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic points of view. Geochemical and mineralogical investigations were performed along the same profile. The investigated sequence spans the Upper Campanian and the whole Maastrichtian stages, including the K-T boundary, as evidenced by the nannofloral mass extinction and the well known carbon isotope excursion. Both qualitative and semiquantitative calcareous nannofossil studies were conducted. The semiquantitative investigations focused on six taxonomic groups, such as Watznaueria barnesae, Micula spp., Boreal nannofossils, Tethyan nannofossils, Braarudosphaera bigelowii, and the calcareous dinoflagellate genus Thoracosphaera. The new data indicate constant δ 13 C values in the Upper Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian red marls of the Gura Beliei Formation. In the Upper Maastrichtian deposits of the Ialomica section, lithological and mineralogical changes, together with several negative δ 13 C and δ 18 O excursions, suggest instability of the ecosystems, fluctuating sea level, and/or detrital input as well as climatic changes during the Late Maastrichtian interval. The age and the lithology of the Gura Beliei red beds are similar to other red beds deposited in the Tethys Realm (i.e., the Nierental Formation of Austrian Northern Calcareous Alps, the Puchov Marl of the Slovakian and Polish Western Carpathians, the Vojvodina region of Serbia, and the Scaglia Rossa of Apennines).