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NARROW
Format
Article Type
Journal
Publisher
Section
GeoRef Subject
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (1)
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-
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Far East
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China
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Chongqing China (1)
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Sichuan Basin (2)
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Yangtze Platform (1)
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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North Sea
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Gullfaks Field (1)
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Canada
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Western Canada
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Selwyn Basin (1)
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Yukon Territory (1)
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Central European Basin (1)
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Europe
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Baltic region (1)
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Central Europe
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Austria
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North Austrian Molasse (1)
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Upper Austria (1)
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Germany (2)
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Molasse Basin
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North Austrian Molasse (1)
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Poland (2)
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Norway (1)
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Sweden (2)
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North America
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Williston Basin (1)
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United States (2)
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commodities
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bitumens
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asphalt (1)
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brines (1)
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metal ores
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base metals (1)
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copper ores (1)
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lead ores (2)
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lead-zinc deposits (1)
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silver ores (1)
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zinc ores (2)
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mineral deposits, genesis (1)
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mineral resources (1)
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oil and gas fields (1)
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petroleum
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natural gas
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shale gas (2)
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shale oil (1)
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elements, isotopes
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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isotope ratios (1)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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metals
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actinides
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uranium (1)
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nitrogen (1)
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oxygen
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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fossils
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Graptolithina (1)
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Hemichordata (1)
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Pterobranchia (1)
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geologic age
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (1)
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Paleogene
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Oligocene (1)
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
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Jurassic
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Posidonia Shale (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Smackover Formation (1)
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Yanshanian (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Middle Cambrian (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Furongian (2)
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Carboniferous (1)
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Devonian
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Upper Devonian
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Nisku Formation (1)
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lower Paleozoic (1)
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Ordovician
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Lower Ordovician (1)
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Permian
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Khuff Formation (1)
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Rotliegendes (1)
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Upper Permian
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Zechstein (1)
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Silurian
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Lower Silurian
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Llandovery (1)
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minerals
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carbonates
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calcite (3)
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dawsonite (1)
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nahcolite (1)
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oxides
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anatase (1)
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brookite (1)
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iron oxides (1)
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manganese oxides (1)
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titanium oxides (1)
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silicates
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framework silicates
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silica minerals
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quartz (1)
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sheet silicates
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clay minerals (1)
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sulfates
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anhydrite (1)
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sulfides
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copper sulfides (1)
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zinc sulfides (1)
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Primary terms
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Asia
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Arabian Peninsula
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United Arab Emirates
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Abu Dhabi (1)
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-
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Far East
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China
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Chongqing China (1)
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Sichuan Basin (2)
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Yangtze Platform (1)
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-
-
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Atlantic Ocean
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North Atlantic
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North Sea
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Gullfaks Field (1)
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-
-
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bitumens
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asphalt (1)
-
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brines (1)
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Canada
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Western Canada
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Selwyn Basin (1)
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Yukon Territory (1)
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-
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carbon
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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Cenozoic
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Tertiary
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Neogene
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Miocene (1)
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Paleogene
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Oligocene (1)
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-
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deformation (1)
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diagenesis (5)
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Europe
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Baltic region (1)
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Central Europe
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Austria
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North Austrian Molasse (1)
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Upper Austria (1)
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Germany (2)
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Molasse Basin
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North Austrian Molasse (1)
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Poland (2)
-
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Western Europe
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Scandinavia
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Norway (1)
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Sweden (2)
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-
-
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folds (1)
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geochemistry (4)
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geophysical methods (1)
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Graptolithina (1)
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ground water (1)
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Hemichordata (1)
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inclusions
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fluid inclusions (1)
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isotopes
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stable isotopes
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C-13 (1)
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C-13/C-12 (1)
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O-18/O-16 (1)
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-
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Mesozoic
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Cretaceous
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Lower Cretaceous (1)
-
-
Jurassic
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Posidonia Shale (1)
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Upper Jurassic
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Smackover Formation (1)
-
-
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Yanshanian (1)
-
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metal ores
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base metals (1)
-
copper ores (1)
-
lead ores (2)
-
lead-zinc deposits (1)
-
silver ores (1)
-
zinc ores (2)
-
-
metals
-
actinides
-
uranium (1)
-
-
-
mineral deposits, genesis (1)
-
mineral resources (1)
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nitrogen (1)
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North America
-
Williston Basin (1)
-
-
oil and gas fields (1)
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orogeny (1)
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oxygen
-
O-18/O-16 (1)
-
-
paleogeography (1)
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Paleozoic
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Cambrian
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Middle Cambrian (1)
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Upper Cambrian
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Furongian (2)
-
-
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Carboniferous (1)
-
Devonian
-
Upper Devonian
-
Nisku Formation (1)
-
-
-
lower Paleozoic (1)
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Ordovician
-
Lower Ordovician (1)
-
-
Permian
-
Khuff Formation (1)
-
Rotliegendes (1)
-
Upper Permian
-
Zechstein (1)
-
-
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Silurian
-
Lower Silurian
-
Llandovery (1)
-
-
-
-
paragenesis (2)
-
petroleum
-
natural gas
-
shale gas (2)
-
-
shale oil (1)
-
-
pollution (1)
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Pterobranchia (1)
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sea-level changes (1)
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sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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limestone (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
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black shale (1)
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mudstone (1)
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sandstone (2)
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shale (1)
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siltstone (1)
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-
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sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
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bioturbation (1)
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
-
-
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spectroscopy (1)
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tectonics (1)
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United States (2)
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rock formations
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Alum Shale Formation (4)
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sedimentary rocks
-
sedimentary rocks
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carbonate rocks
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limestone (2)
-
-
clastic rocks
-
black shale (1)
-
mudstone (1)
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sandstone (2)
-
shale (1)
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siltstone (1)
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-
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siliciclastics (3)
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sedimentary structures
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sedimentary structures
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biogenic structures
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bioturbation (1)
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planar bedding structures
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bedding (1)
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sediments
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siliciclastics (3)
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GeoRef Categories
Era and Period
Epoch and Age
Book Series
Date
Availability
Nanoscale mineralogical evidence confirms Cu transport as chloride complexes in brines in the Central European Kupferschiefer district Open Access
Mineralogy and Paragenesis of the Boundary Zone Zn-Pb ± Ag Deposit, Yukon, Canada Open Access
Clumped and in situ carbon and oxygen isotopes of calcite as tracers for oxidation of hydrocarbons in deep siliciclastic strata Available to Purchase
Diagenetic History and Timing of Cu and Zn-Pb Sulfide Mineralization in the Permian Kupferschiefer System, Saale Subbasin, Eastern Germany Open Access
Geological alteration of organic macromolecules by irradiation: Implication for organic matter occurrence on Mars Available to Purchase
The architecture of organic matter and its pores in highly mature gas shales of the lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the upper Yangtze platform, south China Available to Purchase
Oil–source-rock correlation of the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in the Baltic Basin (northern Europe) Available to Purchase
Hydrogen sulfide formation, fate, and behavior in anhydrite-sealed carbonate gas reservoirs: A three-dimensional reactive mass transport modeling approach Open Access
Nano-Crystal Formation of Tio 2 Polymorphs Brookite and Anatase Due To Organic—Inorganic Rock–Fluid Interactions Available to Purchase
From shale oil to biogenic shale gas: Retracing organic–inorganic interactions in the Alum Shale (Furongian–Lower Ordovician) in southern Sweden Available to Purchase
Creation of pre-oil-charging porosity by migration of source-rock-derived corrosive fluids through carbonate reservoirs: one-dimensional reactive mass transport modelling Open Access
Controls on CO 2 fate and behavior in the Gullfaks oil field (Norway): How hydrogeochemical modeling can help decipher organic-inorganic interactions Available to Purchase
FIB-SEM and TEM Investigations of an Organic-rich Shale Maturation Series from the Lower Toarcian Posidonia Shale, Germany: Nanoscale Pore System and Fluid-rock Interactions Available to Purchase
Abstract Although shale gas systems constitute a new target for commercial hydrocarbon production, only a little attention has been paid to the evolution of these unconventional systems with increasing thermal maturation. This study reports the characterization of samples of the Lower Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) Posidonia Shale from northern Germany at varying levels of thermal maturity. Observations were made using an original combination of focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The paper documents the formation of microfracture-filling bitumen in close assotiation with kerogen residues with increasing maturity. Porosity evolves from mostly submicrometric interparticle pores in immature samples to intramineral and intraorganic pores in overmature (gas mature) samples. This intraorganic nanoporosity has most likely come about by the exsolution of gaseous hydrocarbon and been hydrocarbon wet during the thermal maturation processes. Although FIB-SEM and TEM images are small compared to field size, this study emphasizes the need for nanoscale imaging to better constrain hydrocarbon generation processes in gas shale systems.
Fossil fuels, ore and industrial minerals Available to Purchase
Abstract The mining of metallic and non-metallic commodities in Central Europe has a history of more than 2000 years. Today mainly non-metallic commodities, fossil fuels and construction raw materials play a vital role for the people living in Central Europe. Construction raw materials, albeit the most significant raw material, are not considered further here; for details refer to thematic maps issued by local geological surveys and comprehensive studies such as the textbook by Prentice (1990) . Even if many deposits in Central Europe, especially metallic deposits, are no longer extensive by world standards, the huge number and variety of deposits in Central Europe is unique and allows the student of metallogenesis to reconstruct the geological history of Central Europe from the Late Precambrian to the Recent in a way best described as ‘minerostratigraphy’. The term ‘deposit’ is used in this review for sites which were either mined in the twentieth century or are still being operated. A few sites that underwent exploration or trial mining have also been included in order to clarify certain concentration processes. They are mentioned explicitly in the text to avoid confusion with real deposits. Tonnage and grade are reported in the text only for the most important deposits. Production data for the year 2005 are listed in Table 21.1 for the countries under consideration. Reserves and production data of hydrocarbons in Central European basins are given in Table 21.2 . In the present study, Central Europe covers the Variscan core zones in the extra-Alpine part of Central Europe stretching from eastern France (Massif Central) into Poland where the contact between the Variscan Orogen and the Baltic Shield is concealed by a thick pile of platform sediments. In a north-south direction, Central Europe stretches from central Denmark to the southern boundary of the Po Plain in Italy, making the entire Variscan Foreland Basin, the Alpine Mountain Range, the Western Carpathians and the North Dinarides part of the study area. An outline of the geological and geographical settings is shown in Figure 21.1 . The precise geographical position of mineral sites, wells of special interest, hydrocarbon provinces, oil shale deposits and coal fields may be deduced from Tables 21.3 to 21.11 and the map ‘Mineral and energy resources of Central Europe’, at a scale 1:2 500 000 (see CD inside back cover).