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Abstract Neoichnological research of terrestrial tracemakers in coastal settings provides important palaeoenvironmental information about their context within the subaerial facies. Here we present the first geophysical dataset of reptile burrows in a carbonate substrate and use it to help visualize parts of the burrows of the Bahamian (San Salvador) rock iguana ( Cyclura rileyi ). High-resolution 800 MHz ground-penetrating radar (GPR) images within an enclosure on San Salvador Island were employed to discriminate between the electromagnetic signal response from subsurface anomalies related to air-dominated voids or live animals within burrows. The dielectric contrast between the carbonate substrate and open burrows was sufficient to identify the majority of the 15–20 cm-wide subsurface extensions of the inclined tunnels in the upper 30–40 cm. Whereas limestone clasts induced some interference, it is possible to differentiate their high-amplitude diffractions from those produced by the iguana burrows. Our research indicates that GPR imaging is a viable, rapid, non-invasive method of visualizing animal burrows, with implications for neoichnology, palaeoichnology, and conservation ecology of semi-fossorial species. Furthermore, the critically endangered status of Bahamian land iguanas, as well as ongoing threats from natural and introduced pressures, highlights the need for research into their ichnological record.
Dactyloidites ottoi (Geinitz, 1849) in Bahamian Pleistocene carbonates: a shallowest-marine indicator
Abstract The rosetted trace fossil Dactyloidites ottoi ( Geinitz, 1849 ) is reported and described for the first time from late Pleistocene (MIS 5e) carbonates of the Bahama Archipelago in shallowing-upward, shelly calcarenites from Great Inagua and Great and Little Exuma islands. The distinctive, fan-shaped D. ottoi specimens from the Bahamas, while not preserved in fine detail and not revealing a shaft, compare favourably in shape and size with specimens from other localities around the world, including the oldest well-documented specimens from the Jurassic of Argentina. D. ottoi is interpreted as a fodinichnion formed by the activity of a deposit-feeding worm, probably a polychaete, consuming marine-plant remains within host sediment. The late Pleistocene palaeodepositional environment of these carbonate sediments is interpreted as within the lower foreshore–upper shoreface zone in full marine, tropical waters. This discovery of D. ottoi marks an addition to the Bahamian shallow-marine ichnocoenose within the Skolithos ichnofacies.
MORPHOMETRY OF BLUE LAND CRAB ( CARDISOMA GUANHUMI ) BURROWS: ICHNOLOGICAL CONTEXT AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
Memorial To Neil Ernest Tibert (1966–2015)
UNUSUAL HOLOCENE SERPULID-TUFA BIOHERMS, ENRIQUILLO VALLEY, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: MORPHOLOGIES AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
Polygonal sandcracks: Unique sedimentary desiccation structures in Bahamian ooid grainstone
Sphenothallus -like Fossils from the Martinsburg Formation (Upper Ordovician), Tennessee, USA
How vulnerable is Acropora cervicornis to environmental change? Lessons from the early to middle Holocene
Prominence of ichnologically influenced macroporosity in the karst Biscayne aquifer: Stratiform “super-K” zones
Paleosalinity history of middle Holocene lagoonal and lacustrine deposits in the Enriquillo Valley, Dominican Republic based on pore morphometrics and isotope geochemistry of ostracoda
First documentation of tidal-channel sponge biostromes (upper Pleistocene, southeastern Florida)
Evidence for marine influence on a low-gradient coastal plain : Ichnology and invertebrate paleontology of the lower Tongue River Member (Fort Union Formation, middle Paleocene), western Williston Basin, U.S.A.
Unconformities and age relationships, Tongue River and older members of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene), western Williston Basin, U.S.A.
Abstract Wind-deposited, terrestrial carbonate grainstones, formed concurrently with sea-level transgression, constitute the greater part of the Holocene rock record throughout the Bahama Archipelago and are particularly common along windward coastal reaches, Eolianite exposures of the Rice Bay Formation on North Point and along the Hanna Bay cliffs on San Salvador are characterized by well-preserved physical sedimentary structures, most notably large-scale cross-stratification and distinctive, millimeter-scale, inversely graded lamination couplets, along with other mesoscale structures. These carbonate eolianites also typically contain a diverse assemblage or ichnocoenosis of plant and animal trace fossils. Structures formed by plant roots are nearly ubiquitous in Bahamian Quaternary limestone facies and commonly occur in these Holocene eolianites. In addition, the above-ground parts of plants and trailing roots may form distinctive trace fossils along the bedding planes of eolianites. Animal trace fossils, including Skolithos linearis formed by tube-dwelling insects and/or arachnids, small, irregular burrows formed by insects or insect larvae, large cluster burrows formed by digger wasps, large stellate burrows probably formed by burrowing bees, and small burrows likely representing ant nests, also characterize these eolianites. Indeed, the dunal ichnocoenosis commonly exhibits a higher level of diversity than that found in adjacent shallow subtidal and intertidal-supratidal environments, and the burrowing activity of several tracemakers of the dunal ichnocoenosis can produce ichnofabrics distinctive to carbonate eolianites. In outcrops of limited exposure or in core samples, the occurrence of individual trace fossils generated by invertebrates or of an ichnofabric should not be used as evidence to rule out an eolian environment.