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NARROW
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all geography including DSDP/ODP Sites and Legs
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Canada
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Mexico
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Rocks of Late Cretaceous age osccur on the Pacific Coast of North America from Baja California, Mexico, to the Queen Charlotte Islands of British Columbia. The standard term Upper Cretaceous series is adopted for these deposits instead of the often widely and variously misused term Chico series (or “group” or “formation”), and Chico is applied only to those sediments on the east side of the Sacramento valley from whose occurrence on Chico Creek the term was derived. The series is best represented in the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys of California where rocks of Cenomanian to Maestrichtian ages are recognized and thicknesses of as much as 28,000 feet have been reported. South of the Transverse Ranges of California only post-Cenomanian ages are represented, and over much of the area only Campanian-Maestrichtian. The Oregon-Washington-British Columbia sequences are similar in age to those of Baja California, but the Campanian-Maestrichtian is comparatively restricted in distribution. In neither the northern nor southern areas are the thicknesses comparable to those of the central area, but the sediments in all three consist primarily of sandstones, shales, and conglomerates, with limestone present only as concretions or local lenses. Throughout the Pacific Coast region the Upper Cretaceous appears to rest unconformably on various Lower Cretaceous or older rocks. The series is subdivided into the lower Pacheco group and the overlying Asuncion group, in many places separated by an unconformity. Subdivisions of these groups, and particularly the upper, are recognized over wide areas. Five hundred and four species of invertebrates are recorded. These include: 1 coral; 2 (1 new) crinoids (2 genera); 7 (2 new) echinoid 151 (45 new) pelecypod species (45 genera); 109 (28 new) gastropod species (40 genera); 223 (118 new) ammonite species (53 genera); 3 (2 new) nautiloid species (one genus); and 1 belemnite. The occurrence of 2 mosasaurs, 1 tylosaur, and 2 dinosaurs is also recorded. The following new genera and subgenera are proposed: Crinoidea, Pachecocrinus; Ammonidea, Neocyrtochilus, Extcrioceras, Neokotôceras, Joaquinites, Oregoniceras, Butticeras, and Eocanadoceras (subgenus).
KNOXVILLE SERIES IN THE CALIFORNIA MESOZOIC
Lower Cretaceous Deposits in California and Oregon: Introduction and Acknowledgments
Geological and paleontological work on the Cretaceous deposits in California and Oregon was begun as early as 1854, but in great measure the foundations upon which all subsequent work has been based were laid by J. D. Whitney, W. H. Brewer, and W. M. Gabb in the period from 1860 to 1884. This work was followed by that of G. F. Becker and C. A. White, and from 1891 to 1905 by the more important work of J. S. Diller and T. W. Stanton, from whose results all later work has proceeded. The knowledge of the stratigraphic succession and the faunas of the Cretaceous in California and Oregon developed by these later workers was a great advance from the generalized results of the earlier explorers. But it soon became evident, however, that other demands upon their time had left this work unfinished, far from the stage to which their interest and energy would have led them to attain. As concerns the early Cretaceous deposits, their stratigraphic limitations, relationships, and distribution, further advance was hardly possible prior to 1907 and the three succeeding years. During these years some notable advance in Cretaceous paleontology was made by Pavlow (1907), Diller (1908), Smith (1909, p. 347–349), Knowlton (1910), and others. The work of these men led the way to a solution of a primary problem—namely, a proper discrimination of the Lower Cretaceous from the late Jurassic sequence in these western States. A brief review of . . .