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Geophysical Log Responses to Variatons in Lithology in Borings Clino and Unda, Great Bahama Bank Available to Purchase
Abstract: The downhole logs included in the pocket of this volume include the geophysical, geochemical, lithologic and petrophysical logs of borings Clino and Unda. Data displayed include mineralogy, stable isotopes, recovery, lithology, depositional fades, trace fossils, seismic sequences, porosity, and permeability. Geophysical logs include gamma ray, caliper, density, neutron, sonic velocity, and neutron porosity. These logs are plotted to the same scale to allow direct comparison of the data from the two borings. The upper Pliocene and Pleistocene reefs and platform-top deposits are readily recognizable on geophysical logs where they show higher amplitudes of density and velocity than the forereef and slope deposits. Some of the peaks coincide with subaerial exposure surfaces and their associated cemented intervals. It is not however possible to distinguish reef from platform top using logs alone. The Miocene reef facies in Unda stands out from surrounding slope facies with higher density and sonic velocity and much greater variability. The fine-grained slope facies show consistent low density and sonic velocity broken by interruptions or hardgrounds. The background values gradually increase with depth. The interruptions of platform-derived sediment are characterized by sonic velocity and density peaks of less than a meter to a few meters in thickness alternating with low velocity/density beds of similar thickness. Hardgrounds are identified by sharp gamma peaks and usually also have density and sonic velocity peaks either at or just below the hardground.