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Extension de la ceinture équatoriale d’eaux littorales chaudes au cours de l’Éocène moyen, fondée sur la distribution latitudinale des grands Foraminifères en Europe occidentale et en Afrique australe Available to Purchase
Abstract Résumé: Les grands Foraminifères se rencontrent actuellement dans les environnements marins infralittoraux dont la température moyenne annuelle (TAM) est au moins égale à +22/23 °C, et situés dans la ceinture équatoriale circumterrestre comprise entre les latitudes 30° nord et 30° sud. Au cours de l'Éocène moyen (vers 40 Ma), la plate-forme carbonatée qui s'étend le long de la façade atlantique de l'Europe héberge de grands Foraminifères formant des associations diversifiées jusque dans les Bassins de Paris et du Hampshire, situés à l'époque à la latitude 42° nord. Plus au nord, les grands Foraminiféres se font rares et disparaissent vers le parallèle 45°. Pendant la même période, dans la plate-forme carbonatée qui borde les littoraux africain et malgache, les grands Foraminifères sont bien diversifiés jusque vers la paléolatitude 35° sud. Ils diminuent ensuite pour disparaître vers le parallèle 45°. Ainsi, à l'Eocène moyen, la ceinture équatoriale d'eaux superficielles chaudes, comprise entre les parallèles 45° nord et 45° sud, est dilatée par rapport à l'actuelle. Elle déborde de quelques 1.500 km à la fois en direction du nord et en direction du sud. Le gradient thermique global latitudinal très réduit (de l'ordre de 15 à 20 °C) n'autorise que trois zones climatiques majeures: une ceinture équatoriale (TAM > +22/23 °C) dilatée et flanquée de deux calottes circumpolaires au climat tempéré. Abstract Larger foraminifera occur today in marine infra-littoral environments whose mean annual temperature (TAM) is at least 22-23 °C, and are situated in a circum-equatorial belt between latitudes 30° North and 30° South. Throughout the Middle Eocene (around 40 Ma), the carbonate platform, which lay along the whole length of the Atlantic front of Europe, supported diverse populations of larger foraminifera as far north as the Paris and Hampshire basins, which at that time were situated at latitude 42° North. Larger foraminifera only disappear around 45° North. During the same period, in the carbonate platform which borders the African and Madagascan shores, larger foraminifera were well diversified as far south as palaeolatitude 35° South, before diminishing and finally disappearing near 45° South. Thus in the Middle Eocene, the equatorial belt of near-surface warm waters lay between parallels 45° North and 45° South, and was therefore somewhat extended compared to the present day. In fact, it covered a distance of 1500 km, North to South. The global latitudinal thermal gradient, as a consequence, was very much reduced (in the order of 15-20 °C), and only contained three main climatic zones: an expanded equatorial belt (TAM > +22/23 °C), flanked by two circumpolar caps with a temperate climate.
Observation sur la note : Les Sables de Lozère et les Sables de Sologne… ( Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr., 2002, t.173, n°2, pp. 185–192) de J.-P. Larue et R. Etienne Available to Purchase
Surfaces d'erosion polygeniques dans les formations cenozoiques du bassin Parisien Available to Purchase
Limites evenementielles ou limites conventionnelles en stratigraphie? Available to Purchase
Des "tempestites" aux "extraterrestrites"; mature, duree, periodicite et interet des evenements en stratigraphie Available to Purchase
Critical Review of Isotopic Dates in Relation to Paleogene Stratotypes Available to Purchase
Abstract With respect to the uncertainties of the method, measurements on glauconites of the Paleogene of western Europe effected during the last decade provide isotopic dates within a margin of error of 5%, that is about 2 m.y. (Table 2). A discussion of the age of the main limits: Cretaceous- Paleocene (63 to 65 m.y.), Paleocene-Eocene (53 to 55 m.y.), Cuisian-Lutetian (47 to 49 m.y.), Lutetian-Bartonian (42 to 44 m.y.), Eocene-OIigocene (34 to 36 m.y.), Oligocene-Miocene (22 to 24 m.y.) is presented. The middle-late Eocene boundary may be placed either between the Lutetian and the Bartonian (42 to 44 m.y.) or between the Bartonian and the Priabonian (39 to 41 m.y.). During the last decade several hundred datings have been made in Europe on Paleogene glauconites, principally from France, England, Belgium, Germany, and the U.S.S.R. Others, fewer in number, have been obtained in the Mediterranean region and in central Europe. Before a presentation of the results, the inherent uncertainties of the method are briefly discussed. These originate either in the specimen, in the mode of operation, or in the choice of physical "constants."