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Mechanisms of fluid degassing in shallow magma chambers control the formation of porphyry deposits
Probabilistic curvature limit states of corroded circular RC bridge columns: Data-driven models and application to lifetime seismic fragility analyses
Machine learning applied to apatite compositions for determining mineralization potential
A machine learning approach to discrimination of igneous rocks and ore deposits by zircon trace elements
An enhanced chemical maturation of juvenile arc crust recorded by the Urad Houqi intrusive suite in Langshan arc, Central Asia
Recycled volatiles determine fertility of porphyry deposits in collisional settings
Elevated Magmatic Chlorine and Sulfur Concentrations in the Eocene-Oligocene Machangqing Cu-Mo Porphyry Systems
Abstract The Machangqing porphyry Cu-Au deposit is located in the Sangjiang region, Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan metallogenic belt, southeastern Tibet. It has three main phases of felsic-mafic intrusions: barren granites, ore-forming porphyry intrusions, and mafic lamprophyres. U-Pb zircon dating shows that these intrusions were emplaced over a period of ~3 m.y., with lamprophyres at 36.50 ± 1.6 Ma (1 σ ), porphyry intrusion at 34.26 ± 0.22 Ma (1 σ ), and granite intruded at 34.00 ± 0.26 Ma (1 σ ). The in situ Rb-Sr analysis of phlogopite and amphibole, primary minerals in the lamprophyres, also gives a date of 36.5 ± 1.5 Ma (2 σ ), regarded as the emplacement age of the lamprophyre, earlier than the ore-forming porphyry intrusions. The magmatic phases have significantly different sulfur and chlorine contents. The SO 3 contents of igneous apatite microphenocrysts from the mineralization-related porphyry intrusions are higher (0.24 ± 0.14 wt %, 1 σ , n = 82) than those from the barren granites (0.08 ± 0.07 wt %, 1 σ , n = 30). The chlorine contents in apatite grains from the porphyry intrusions (0.18 ± 0.16 wt %, 1 σ ) are also higher than those from granites (0.04 ± 0.02 wt % Cl, 1 σ ). The apatite in lamprophyres have higher sulfur (0.68 ± 0.19 wt %, 1 σ , n = 40) and chlorine (0.48 ± 0.13 wt %, 1 σ ). The large difference of Cl and S in lamprophyres might suggest that elevated magmatic volatile contents derived from the mafic magma were important for ore formation in the Machangqing porphyry systems. The in situ Sr and O isotopes in apatite phenocrysts from the porphyry intrusions ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr: 0.70593–0.70850; δ 18 O: 6.0–7.0) are similar to those in the lamprophyres ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr: 0.70595–0.70964; δ 18 O: 5.4–6.9), consistent with similar origins for their volatile contents. These data may indicate that the deeper magma chamber was recharged by a relatively S-Cl-rich mafic magma similar to the lamprophyres, triggering the ore-forming magmatic event. This study also suggests that origin of apatite Sr and also volatile contents, combined with in situ Sr and O isotopes, could be useful for fingerprinting fertile intrusions associated with mineralization within drainage source areas or in outcrops.