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Petroleum source rocks characterisation and depositional environment of Kimmeridgian-Tithonian sequences, Jaisalmer Basin, western Rajasthan, India

Dinesh Kumar, Ravi Sharma, Abhayanand Singh Maurya and Rajesh Pandey
Petroleum source rocks characterisation and depositional environment of Kimmeridgian-Tithonian sequences, Jaisalmer Basin, western Rajasthan, India
Petroleum Geoscience (July 2024) 30 (3)

Abstract

In hydrocarbon exploration, total organic carbon content (TOC) and Rock-eval pyrolysis are commonly employed geochemical techniques that offer concise insights into kerogen type, effective source rock identification, and thermal maturity. In the current study, the data obtained from Rock-eval pyrolysis has been used for defining the source rock quality, generative potential, kerogen type, maturity of the source sediments, and kerogen kinetics of the Baisakhi-Bhadesar Formation of Kimmeridgian -Tithonian (154.7-145.6 Ma) age. Basinal level HI, TOC, source rock maturity, transformation ratio, and heat flow maps have been generated by integrating the data from pyrolysis and the previously available data from wells drilled in the basin. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content of the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian sequence ranges from 0.03 to 12.71% in the studied samples, with an average TOC content of 1.28%, indicating good source rock quality. The Hydrogen index (HI), in collaboration with T (sub max) and VRo data, demonstrates that the Baisakhi - Bhadesar Formation is characterised by type II, mixture of type II/ III and type III kerogen facies and exhibits good source quality and poor to good generative potential in the basin. The studied samples are marginally mature to mature in nature (Tmax 430-4500C, VRo% ranges from 0.52% to 0.72%). Maturity analysis of the basin suggests that, during the Late Jurassic, most areas were under the oil window zone, except the Bhakhari Tibba and Miajlar areas. The Transformation ratio overlay for the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian source sequences shows better transformations of the source rock in the area of the Shagarh sub-basin. Kerogen kinetics of the studied Baisakhi-Bhadesar Formation demonstrate that the activation energy ranges between 46-74 Kcal/mol with the significant distribution of activation energy 54 Kcal/mol (42.07 %), representing a strong heterogeneous type of organic matter in the sediments. Based on lithological, paleontological, and electrolog studies, a shallow marine to near-shore environment of deposition with sediment input direction from the southeast has been inferred for Kimmeridgian-Tithonian Sequences. The results of this study quantitatively establish the role of the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian sequence as source rock, ultimately contributing to the generation of hydrocarbons in the basin along with spatial changes in the quality of source sediments in different parts of the basin.


ISSN: 1354-0793
EISSN: 2041-496X
Serial Title: Petroleum Geoscience
Serial Volume: 30
Serial Issue: 3
Title: Petroleum source rocks characterisation and depositional environment of Kimmeridgian-Tithonian sequences, Jaisalmer Basin, western Rajasthan, India
Affiliation: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Department of Earth Science, Roorkee, India
Pages: article petgeo2023-097
Published: 20240703
Text Language: English
Publisher: Geological Society Publishing House for EAGE (European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers), London, United Kingdom
References: 74
Accession Number: 2024-057505
Categories: Economic geology, geology of energy sources
Document Type: Serial
Bibliographic Level: Analytic
Annotation: Includes appendices
Illustration Description: illus. incl. sect., strat. col., 2 tables, geol. sketch maps
N26°00'00" - N27°49'60", E69°19'60" - E72°04'60"
Secondary Affiliation: Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, IND, India
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Secondary Affiliation: GeoRef, Copyright 2024, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States. Reference includes data from The Geological Society, London, London, United Kingdom
Update Code: 202434
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