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Burrows and ichnofabric produced by centipedes; modern and ancient examples

Daniel I. Hembree
Burrows and ichnofabric produced by centipedes; modern and ancient examples
Palaios (October 2019) 34 (10): 468-489

Abstract

Centipedes extend to the Silurian yet have a relatively poor fossil record. Many species of extant centipedes are semi-fossorial to fossorial and contribute to soil processes, suggesting that their trace fossils should be common in paleosols. The goal of this project was to document the types of biogenic structures produced by two species of large, semi-fossorial centipedes, Hemiscolopendra marginata and Scolopendra polymorpha, to aid in the recognition of fossil centipede burrows. Ten specimens of each species were placed in large, sediment-filled terrariums and observed over periods of 14 days. The centipedes burrowed via intrusion, compression, and excavation, moving throughout the enclosure both near the surface and deep within the sediment. Open burrows produced by the centipedes were cast with plaster and the ichnofabric produced was observed through the enclosure walls. The centipedes primarily produced J-, U-, and Y-shaped burrows as well as complexes of linked burrows. The burrows were elliptical in cross section and possessed thin, intermittent, compressional linings. The centipede burrows were compared to burrows of other extant soil arthropods including millipedes, spiders, and scorpions as well as Pennsylvanian to Permian ichnofossils. The centipede burrows were distinct from those of other soil arthropods and many aspects of the ichnofossils were similar to those produced by the centipedes. Description of burrows produced by centipedes can aid in the interpretation of continental ichnofossils and improve our understanding of the composition of ancient soil ecosystems. This knowledge is especially important given the poor preservation potential of centipedes in the environments they inhabit.


ISSN: 0883-1351
Serial Title: Palaios
Serial Volume: 34
Serial Issue: 10
Title: Burrows and ichnofabric produced by centipedes; modern and ancient examples
Author(s): Hembree, Daniel I.
Affiliation: Ohio University, Department of Geological Sciences, Athens, OH, United States
Pages: 468-489
Published: 201910
Text Language: English
Publisher: Society for Sedimentary Geology, Tulsa, OK, United States
References: 44
Accession Number: 2020-006739
Categories: Invertebrate paleontology
Document Type: Serial
Bibliographic Level: Analytic
Annotation: NSF Grant EAR-0844256
Illustration Description: illus. incl. 5 tables, 5 plates
N38°25'00" - N42°00'00", W84°49'60" - W80°31'60"
Country of Publication: United States
Secondary Affiliation: GeoRef, Copyright 2020, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States. Reference includes data supplied by SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology), Tulsa, OK, United States
Update Code: 202006
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