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Least-squares migration with primary- and multiple-guided weighting matrices

Li Chuang, Huang Jianping, Li Zhenchun, Yu Han and Wang Rongrong
Least-squares migration with primary- and multiple-guided weighting matrices
Geophysics (May 2019) 84 (3): S171-S185

Abstract

Least-squares migration (LSM) of seismic data is supposed to produce images of subsurface structures with better quality than standard migration if we have an accurate migration velocity model. However, LSM suffers from data mismatch problems and migration artifacts when noise pollutes the recorded profiles. This study has developed a reweighted least-squares reverse time migration (RWLSRTM) method to overcome the problems caused by such noise. We first verify that spiky noise and free-surface multiples lead to the mismatch problems and should be eliminated from the data residual. The primary- and multiple-guided weighting matrices are then derived for RWLSRTM to reduce the noise in the data residual. The weighting matrices impose constraints on the data residual such that spiky noise and free-surface multiple reflections are reduced whereas primary reflections are preserved. The weights for spiky noise and multiple reflections are controlled by a dynamic threshold parameter decreasing with iterations for better results. Finally, we use an iteratively reweighted least-squares algorithm to minimize the weighted data residual. We conduct numerical tests using the synthetic data and compared the results of this method with the results of standard LSRTM. The results suggest that RWLSRTM is more robust than standard LSRTM when the seismic data contain spiky noise and multiple reflections. Moreover, our method not only suppresses the migration artifacts, but it also accelerates the convergence.


ISSN: 0016-8033
EISSN: 1942-2156
Coden: GPYSA7
Serial Title: Geophysics
Serial Volume: 84
Serial Issue: 3
Title: Least-squares migration with primary- and multiple-guided weighting matrices
Affiliation: Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an, China
Pages: S171-S185
Published: 201905
Text Language: English
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States
References: 55
Accession Number: 2019-050277
Categories: Applied geophysics
Document Type: Serial
Bibliographic Level: Analytic
Illustration Description: illus. incl. 1 table
Secondary Affiliation: China University of Petroleum Qingdao, CHN, ChinaNanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, CHN, ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Electrics, CHN, China
Country of Publication: United States
Secondary Affiliation: GeoRef, Copyright 2019, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States
Update Code: 2019
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