One-way true-amplitude migration using matrix decomposition

To meet the requirement of true-amplitude migration and address the shortcomings of the classic one-way wave equations on the dynamic imaging, one-way true-amplitude wave equations were developed. Migration methods, based on the Taylor or other series approximation theory, are introduced to solve the one-way true-amplitude wave equations. This leads to the main weakness of one-way true-amplitude migration for imaging the complex or strong velocity - contrast media - the limited imaging angles. To deal with this issue, we apply a matrix decomposition method to accurately calculate the square-root operator and impose the boundary conditions of the one-way true-amplitude wave equations. Our migration method and the conventional one-way true-amplitude Fourier finite-difference (FFD) migration method are used by us to test and compare the imaging performance. The impulse responses in a strong velocity-contrast model prove that our migration method works for larger imaging angles than the one-way true-amplitude FFD method. The amplitude calculations in a strong-lateral velocity variation media with one reflector and in the Marmousi model demonstrate that our migration method provides better amplitude-preserving performance and offers higher structural imaging quality than the one-way true-amplitude FFD method. We also use field data to indicate the imaging enhancement and the feasibility of our method compared with the one-way true-amplitude FFD method. Our one-way true-amplitude migration method using matrix decomposition fully exploits the features of one-way true-amplitude wave equations with less approximation, and it is capable of producing more accurate amplitude estimations and potentially wider imaging angles.