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Minerals of the system ZnS-CdS from fumaroles of the Kudriavy Volcano, Iturup Island, Kuriles, Russia

Ilya V. Chaplygin, Nadezhda N. Mozgova, Andrey V. Mokhov, Elizaveta V. Koporulina, Heinz-Juergen Bernhardt and Igor A. Bryzgalov
Minerals of the system ZnS-CdS from fumaroles of the Kudriavy Volcano, Iturup Island, Kuriles, Russia
The Canadian Mineralogist (August 2007) 45 (4): 709-722

Abstract

Minerals of the system ZnS-CdS formed between 400 and 725 degrees C in active fumaroles at the Kudriavy volcano, Iturup Island, Russia, were studied using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion, X-ray diffraction and with an electron microprobe. The composition of these minerals varies widely: Zn 2.46-57.7, Cd 2.38-69.5, Fe 0.72-13.6 wt.%, and thus covers almost the entire ZnS-CdS series. Two types of solid solutions occur: cubic, from 0 to approximately 8 mol.% CdS, and hexagonal, from alpha 17 to 100 mol.% CdS, separated by a two-phase transition zone. Three different mechanisms of substitution account for the range of composition: Zn-for-Fe in sphalerite, Zn-for-Cd in wurtzite-greenockite, and Cd-for-Fe in greenockite. The incorporation of Cu and In, up to 2.92 and 4.75 wt.%, respectively, is noted in sphalerite, and up to 1.27 wt.% Cu and 2.75 wt.% In, respectively, in minerals of the wurtzite-greenockite series. Both elements evidently occur as the roquesite component in solid solution. Zinc-rich species are metal-deficient, whereas Cd-rich species are sulfur-deficient. The range of nonstoichiometry in minerals of the system ZnS-CdS studied is in the order of 2.6 at.%, or 0.05 apfu S. We conclude that there is not a complete solid-solution between wurtzite and greenockite in the temperature range studied owing to a phase transition in ZnS and a change in the structure type. Phase relations for the temperature range studied proved to be identical with those established for synthetic compounds. In a fumarolic environment, crystals of Cd-rich sulfides of the system ZnS-CdS precipitate mainly at lower temperatures (400 degrees C) than those of Zn (up to 725 degrees C).


ISSN: 0008-4476
EISSN: 1499-1276
Coden: CAMIA6
Serial Title: The Canadian Mineralogist
Serial Volume: 45
Serial Issue: 4
Title: Minerals of the system ZnS-CdS from fumaroles of the Kudriavy Volcano, Iturup Island, Kuriles, Russia
Affiliation: Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
Pages: 709-722
Published: 200708
Text Language: English
Publisher: Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
References: 30
Accession Number: 2007-120653
Categories: Mineralogy of non-silicates
Document Type: Serial
Bibliographic Level: Analytic
Illustration Description: illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map
N45°22'60" - N45°22'60", E148°49'00" - E148°49'00"
Secondary Affiliation: Ruhr Universitaet Bochum, DEU, Federal Republic of GermanyMoscow State University, DEU, Federal Republic of Germany
Country of Publication: Canada
Secondary Affiliation: GeoRef, Copyright 2017, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, copyright, Mineralogical Association of Canada. Reference includes data from GeoScienceWorld, Alexandria, VA, United States
Update Code: 200749
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