Hydrothermal transformations of kaolinite at 200 and 250 degrees C in the systems Li (sub 2) O-Na (sub 2) O-MgO-Al (sub 2) -O (sub 3) -SiO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O-HCl and Li (sub 2) O-K (sub 2) O-MgO-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -SiO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O-HCl

The hydrothermal reaction of kaolinite in the systems Li (sub 2) O-K (sub 2) O-MgO-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) SiO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O-HCl and Li (sub 2) O-Na (sub 2) O-MgO-Al (sub 2) O (sub 3) -SiO (sub 2) -H (sub 2) O-HCl, at pH between 9 and 11, has been investigated at 200-250 degrees C from 1 to 180 days. The X-ray diffraction study of the K-bearing system indicates that the solid products formed were Li-A(BW) zeolite, crystalline silica, and randomly ordered chlorite-smectite mixed layers, dioctahedral on average, with a chlorite:smectite ratio of approximately 1:4. Study by electron microscopy reveals, however, the presence of mixtures of very thin particles of smectite, di,trioctahedral chlorite and mixed-layer phases. The X-ray study of the solid products formed in the Na-bearing system reveals that the neo-formed phases were Li-A(BW) zeolite, analcime and partially ordered chlorite-vermiculite mixed-layers with high chlorite:vermiculite ratio. The transmission microscopic study of these phases shows the presence of dioctahedral "vermiculitic" curved particles and di,trioctahedral chlorite-like particles. In both cases, long reaction times cause formation of a 7 Aa phase with composition intermediate between kaolinite and serpentine. The composition of the solutions suggests that the stable phases would be chlorite/smectite mixed-layers, with compositions near tosudite in the case of the K-bearing reaction and both a dioctahedral phase (tosudite?) and a trioctahedral one (clinochlore) in the case of the Na-bearing reaction.