3D surface-related multiple modeling

The shape of seismic reflected energy on shot or CMP gathers can be ex-tremely complicated in comparison with the actual geometry of geologic generators. A simple synclinal structure may produce a triplication in the zero-offset domain, and migration processing is needed to resolve this situation. By comparison, multiple generation "squares" (at least for first-order multiples) the degree of complexity of the reverberated reflected energy, and, in general, there is no domain, neither time, depth, nor pre- or postmigrated, where multiples and primaries can be simplified simultaneously.