A series of powders were synthesized along the (Fe2+–Mg2+) ilmenite–geikielite solid solution to constrain their crystal structures and establish a compositional calibration to determine the Fe# (=100 × Fe2+/(Fe2+ + Mg2+) molar ratio) of ilmenite in ilmenite-bearing rocks. Using X-ray powder diffraction analyses, we characterized the effect of Fe# on unit-cell parameters and the intensity and position of primary reflections. We used Rietveld and Lebail refinement modeling to correlate Fe# with microprobe analyses and assess two methods for estimating the Fe# in ilmenite based on (1) the unit-cell parameters a and c and (2) by the relative difference between select peak reflections (Δ2θ). Both methods were tested against five Apollo 17 high-Ti lunar basalts, and one synthetic ilmenite-bearing basalt. A strong correlation is observed between the Fe# of the ilmenites and the XRD parameters for all samples, and a compositional calibration is presented based on results for the synthesized ilmenite–geikielite suite. The XRD parameters are sensitive to minor changes (±2 in Fe#) in cation composition, thus the compositional calibration provides a new and sensitive method for estimating Fe# in ilmenite.
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Research Article|
May 01, 2019
X-ray diffraction calibration of the Fe2+–Mg2+ solid solution of ilmenite, with application to lunar basalts
Leif Tokle;
1
Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University
, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI02912, USA
Corresponding author, e-mail: Leif_Tokle@brown.edu
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Kevin M. Robertson
Kevin M. Robertson
1
Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University
, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI02912, USA
Search for other works by this author on:
1
Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University
, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI02912, USA
Kevin M. Robertson
1
Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University
, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI02912, USA
Corresponding author, e-mail: Leif_Tokle@brown.edu
Publisher: Deutsche Mineralogische Gesellschaft, Sociedad Española de Mineralogia, Societá Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, Société Francaise de Minéralogie
Received:
06 Sep 2018
Revision Received:
22 Jan 2019
Accepted:
21 Feb 2019
First Online:
04 Apr 2019
Online ISSN: 1617-4011
Print ISSN: 0935-1221
© 2019 E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
European Journal of Mineralogy (2019) 31 (3): 473–483.
Article history
Received:
06 Sep 2018
Revision Received:
22 Jan 2019
Accepted:
21 Feb 2019
First Online:
04 Apr 2019
Citation
Leif Tokle, Kevin M. Robertson; X-ray diffraction calibration of the Fe2+–Mg2+ solid solution of ilmenite, with application to lunar basalts. European Journal of Mineralogy 2019;; 31 (3): 473–483. doi: https://doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2850
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Index Terms/Descriptors
- alkaline earth metals
- Apollo Program
- Apollo 17
- basalts
- calibration
- cell dimensions
- crystal structure
- electron probe data
- ferrous iron
- geikielite
- igneous rocks
- ilmenite
- iron
- magnesium
- metals
- Moon
- oxides
- Rietveld refinement
- solid solution
- titanium
- unit cell
- volcanic rocks
- X-ray diffraction data
- lunar basalts
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