We examine the characteristics of long-period near-source ground motions by conducting a sensitivity study with variations in six earthquake source parameters for both a strike-slip fault (M 7.0-7.1) and a thrust fault (M 6.6-7.0). The directivity of the ruptures creates large displacement and velocity pulses in the forward direction. The dynamic displacements close to the fault are comparable to the average slip. The ground motions exhibit the greatest sensitivity to the fault depth with moderate sensitivity to the rupture speed, peak slip rate, and average slip. For strike-slip faults and thrust faults with surface rupture, the maximum ground displacements and velocities occur in the region where the near-source factor from the 1997 Uniform Building Code is the largest. However, for a buried thrust fault the peak ground motions can occur up-dip from this region.
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Research Article|
May 01, 2001
Characterization of Near-Source Ground Motions with Earthquake Simulations
Brad T. Aagaard
;
Brad T. Aagaard
Geologic and Planetary Sciences, 252-21 Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125
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John F. Hall, M.EERI
;
John F. Hall, M.EERI
Engineering and Applied Science, 104-44 Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125
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Thomas H. Heaton, M.EERI
Thomas H. Heaton, M.EERI
Geologic and Planetary Sciences, 104-44 Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125
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Earthquake Spectra (2001) 17 (2): 177–207.
Article history
first online:
01 Jun 2020
Citation
Brad T. Aagaard, John F. Hall, Thomas H. Heaton; Characterization of Near-Source Ground Motions with Earthquake Simulations. Earthquake Spectra 2001;; 17 (2): 177–207. doi: https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1586171
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Index Terms/Descriptors
- acceleration
- amplitude
- attenuation
- body waves
- building codes
- California
- displacements
- earthquakes
- elastic waves
- faults
- finite element analysis
- focus
- ground motion
- horizontal movements
- Landers California
- Landers earthquake 1992
- Los Angeles County California
- peak ground acceleration
- propagation
- risk assessment
- rupture
- S-waves
- San Bernardino County California
- seismic waves
- seismicity
- shallow-focus earthquakes
- simulation
- slip rates
- strike-slip faults
- thrust faults
- United States
- velocity
- waveforms
- Elysian Park Fault
Latitude & Longitude
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