The compositions of resistant indicator minerals are diagnostic of their original host environment. They may be used to fingerprint different types of mineral deposit as well as vector towards them. We have characterised the composition of apatite and Fe–Ti oxides in variably mineralised mafic–ultramafic rock units of the Montagnais Sill Complex in the Labrador Trough to assess their suitability for vectoring towards magmatic sulphide occurrences. Two broad types of apatite were identified: (i) fluoro- to hydroxy-apatite (Cl/(Cl+F) < 0.2); and (ii) chloro- to hydroxy-apatite (Cl/(Cl+F) > 0.5). The former reflects variable degrees of degassing and Cl loss during Rayleigh fractionation and is not indicative of Ni–Cu mineralisation or host rock. The latter exists only in sulphidic olivine cumulate units and thus may be used to vector towards similar rock types in the Labrador Trough. Ilmenite is the dominant oxide, except for the upper parts of differentiated gabbroic sills in which titanomagnetite is dominant. Magnetite occurs only as a secondary phase in serpentinised olivine cumulates and is not discriminative for magmatic sulphides. Ilmenite and titanomagnetite in the sulphidic olivine-bearing units have characteristically high Mg (∼1000–10 000 ppm), Cr (∼100–1000 ppm), and Ni (∼10–1000 ppm) concentrations relative to those from other rock units. Their composition is consistent with Fe–Ti oxides derived from evolved sulphide melts in ultramafic-hosted Ni–Cu–(PGE) sulphide deposits and thus may be used to vector towards similar magmatic sulphide occurrences in the Labrador Trough.
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Research Article|
January 26, 2022
Accessory phase perspectives for ore-forming processes and magmatic sulphide exploration in the Labrador Trough, northern Quebec, Canada
W.D. Smith;
a
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.b
Department of Earth Sciences, Herzberg Laboratories, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.Corresponding author: W.D. Smith (email: williamsmith3@cunet.carleton.ca).
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W.D. Maier;
W.D. Maier
a
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.
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J.C.Ø. Andersen;
J.C.Ø. Andersen
c
Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, England TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
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D.D. Muir;
D.D. Muir
a
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, United Kingdom.
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E.T. Mansur;
E.T. Mansur
d
Sciences de la Terre, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada.e
Geological Survey of Norway, P.O. Box 6315, Torgarden, Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
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I. Bliss
I. Bliss
f
Northern Shield Resources, 500-55 Metcalfe Street, Ottawa, ON K1P 6L5, Canada.
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Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (2022) 59 (5): 259–277.
Article history
received:
13 Oct 2021
accepted:
18 Jan 2022
first online:
14 May 2022
Citation
W.D. Smith, W.D. Maier, J.C.Ø. Andersen, D.D. Muir, E.T. Mansur, I. Bliss; Accessory phase perspectives for ore-forming processes and magmatic sulphide exploration in the Labrador Trough, northern Quebec, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 2022;; 59 (5): 259–277. doi: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2021-0109
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Index Terms/Descriptors
- accessory minerals
- apatite
- Canada
- chemical composition
- copper ores
- Eastern Canada
- electron probe data
- gabbros
- halogens
- igneous rocks
- intrusions
- iron oxides
- Labrador Trough
- magnetite
- metal ores
- metals
- mineral deposits, genesis
- mineral exploration
- mineralization
- nickel ores
- oxides
- petrography
- phosphates
- platinum group
- plutonic rocks
- Quebec
- sills
- titanium oxides
- Idefix Prospect
- Huckleberry Prospect
- Montagnais sill complex
Latitude & Longitude
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