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GSA Special Papers
The Sedimentary Record of Meteorite Impacts
Geological Society of America

Volume
437
Copyright:
Geological Society of America
ISBN print:
9780813724379
Publication date:
January 01, 2007
Book Chapter
Impact melting in sedimentary target rocks: An assessment
Author(s)
G.R. Osinski
Department of Earth Sciences/Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
;
G.R. Osinski
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J.G. Spray
Planetary and Space Science Centre, Department of Geology, University of New Brunswick, 2 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
;
J.G. Spray
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R.A.F. Grieve
Earth Sciences Sector, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4, Canada
R.A.F. Grieve
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Published:January 01, 2007
Despite being present in the target sequence of ∼70% of the world's known impact structures, the response of sedimentary rocks to hypervelocity impact remains poorly understood. Of particular significance is the relative importance and role of impact melting versus decomposition in carbonate and sulfate lithologies. In this work, we review experimental evidence and phase equilibria and synthesize these data with observations from studies of naturally shocked rocks from several terrestrial impact sites. Shock experiments on carbonates and sulfates currently provide contrasting and ambiguous results. Studies of naturally shocked materials indicate that impact melting is much more common in sedimentary rocks...
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Index Terms/Descriptors
- calcite
- calcium carbonate
- carbonate rocks
- carbonates
- chemically precipitated rocks
- clastic rocks
- evaporites
- experimental studies
- glass materials
- hypervelocity impacts
- immiscibility
- impact craters
- impact features
- impact melts
- impacts
- melts
- metamorphism
- phase equilibria
- quenching
- sedimentary rocks
- shock metamorphism
- spherules
- sulfates
- textures
- target rocks
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