Perspectives on Karst Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Geochemistry - A Tribute Volume to Derek C. Ford and William B. White

CO2 outgassing in a combined fracture and conduit karst aquifer near Lititz Spring, Pennsylvania
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Published:January 01, 2006
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Laura Toran, Eric Roman, 2006. "CO2 outgassing in a combined fracture and conduit karst aquifer near Lititz Spring, Pennsylvania", Perspectives on Karst Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Geochemistry - A Tribute Volume to Derek C. Ford and William B. White, Russell S. Harmon, Carol M. Wicks
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Lititz Spring in southeastern Pennsylvania and a nearby domestic well were sampled for 9 months. Although both locations are connected to conduits (as evidenced by a tracer test), most of the year they were saturated with respect to calcite, which is more typical of matrix flow. Geochemical modeling (PHREEQC) was used to explain this apparent paradox and to infer changes in matrix and conduit contribution to flow. The saturation index varied from 0.5 to 0 most of the year, with a few samples in springtime dropping below saturation. The log P co 2 value varied from −2.5 to −1.7. Lower...
- anions
- aquifers
- bicarbonate ion
- calcite
- carbon dioxide
- carbonates
- cations
- chloride ion
- chlorine
- degassing
- dilution
- discharge
- geochemistry
- ground water
- halogens
- hydrochemistry
- hydrology
- karst hydrology
- Lancaster County Pennsylvania
- matrix
- measurement
- mixing
- models
- nitrate ion
- nitrogen
- Pennsylvania
- PHREEQC
- rainfall
- recharge
- sampling
- saturation
- seasonal variations
- solutions
- spatial variations
- springs
- sulfate ion
- tracers
- United States
- variations
- water wells
- southeastern Pennsylvania
- Lititz Spring