The carbonate sediments of the Western Australian shelf in the Indian Ocean host diverse assemblages of benthic foraminifera. These shelf environments are dominated by the southward-flowing Leeuwin Current, which impacts near-surface circulation and influences biogeographic ranges of Indo-Pacific warm-water foraminifera. Analyses of outer-ramp to upper-slope sediments (127–264 m water depth) at four different sites (some with replicates) revealed 185 benthic species. A shift from benthic to planktonic foraminifera was accompanied by a decrease in “larger” benthic foraminifera below the lowermost euphotic zone. Fisher α and proportions of buliminid and textulariid taxa increased with water depth, as miliolids and rotaliids...