Mafic magma replenishment, unrest and eruption in a caldera setting: insights from the 2006 eruption of Rabaul (Papua New Guinea)

C. Bouvet de Maisonneuve; F. Costa; H. Patia; C. Huber

doi:10.1144/SP422.2

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Geological Society, London, Special Publications

Chemical, Physical and Temporal Evolution of Magmatic Systems

Author(s)

Geological Society of London

Volume

422

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1144/SP422

Geological Society of London

ISBN electronic:

9781862397460

ISBN print:

9781862397323

Publication date:

January 01, 2015

Our understanding of the physical and chemical processes that regulate the evolution of magmatic systems has improved tremendously since the foundations were laid down 100 years ago by Bowen. The concept of crustal magma chambers has progressively evolved from molten-rock vats to thermally, chemically and physically heterogeneous reservoirs that are kept active by the periodic injection of magma. This new model, while more complex, provides a better framework to interpret volcanic activity and decipher the information contained in intrusive and extrusive rocks.

Igneous/metamorphic petrology, geochemistry, geochronology and numerical modelling all contributed towards this new picture of crustal magmatic systems. This book provides an overview of the wide range of approaches that can nowadays be used to understand the chemical, physical and temporal evolution of magmatic and volcanic systems.

Mafic magma replenishment, unrest and eruption in a caldera setting: insights from the 2006 eruption of Rabaul (Papua New Guinea)

Author(s)

C. Bouvet de Maisonneuve

Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

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;

F. Costa

Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798

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;

H. Patia

Rabaul Volcano Observatory, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea

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;

C. Huber

School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

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Doi:

https://doi.org/10.1144/SP422.2

Published:

January 01, 2015

Abstract

Understanding the magmatic processes that drive unrest at silicic calderas remains a major goal in Volcanology. Rabaul in Papua New Guinea is an exceptional location because after two decades of unrest and a peak in seismicity and deformation in 1983–85, eruptive activity began in 1994 and is still ongoing. A particularly large sub-Plinian eruption occurred from Tavurvur in October 2006. Whole-rock compositions are andesitic and reflect mixing/mingling between basaltic and dacitic magmas from the same system. The magmas that fed the 2006 eruption were stored at about 930°C, with 1–3 wt% H₂O, 25–520 ppm CO₂,...

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Chemical, Physical and Temporal Evolution of Magmatic Systems

Mafic magma replenishment, unrest and eruption in a caldera setting: insights from the 2006 eruption of Rabaul (Papua New Guinea)

Abstract

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