Sinuous Channels in Late Stages of Entrenched Deep-water Channel Complexes, Hasret Mountain Main Channel, Turkey
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Bryan T. Cronin, Hasan Çelik, Andrew Hurst, 2008. "Sinuous Channels in Late Stages of Entrenched Deep-water Channel Complexes, Hasret Mountain Main Channel, Turkey", Atlas of Deep-Water Outcrops, Tor H. Nilsen, Roger D. Shew, Gary S. Steffens, Joseph R. J. Studlick
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Abstract
A series of entrenched, deep-water slope-channel complexes form a planform tributary network of conduits on the northern slope of the Eocene-Oligocene back-arc Elazig Basin in eastern Turkey (Figures 1—3). The lower part (60%) of the channel complex fills are characterized by coarse-grained sediments and the upper 40% by heterolithic facies (Figure 4). The heterolithic facies drape a synsedimentary faulting phase of activity that saw a reactivation of the channel complexes after filling. The lower part of this facies, which thickens over the channel-complex axes, is dominated by slumped shales and local, thin-bedded turbidite sandstones and siltstones. The upper part comprises sheet and lenticular pebbly sandstones and sandstones, interbedded with rippled sandstones and siltstones, associated with channelized geometries (Figure 5A, B). This interval is also characterized by lateral accretion surfaces, where beds have an asymptotic and shingling character, an association with sedimentary structures such as trough cross-bedding, and where paleocurrents suggest sinuosity of the channel elements. The sinuous channels are up to 3 m (10 ft) thick and 10-40 m (33-131 ft) wide. Interleaving shales have abundant and diverse deep-water and shelfal ichnofacies, and deep-water benthic/plank-tonic foraminiferal assemblage ratios. The sand-prone portions of these sinuous channel bodies are dislocated and usually confined to the accretionary margins and channel floors. The channel elements can be tracked for 7 km (4 mi) in a series of sections above four separate, entrenched, deep-water slope-channel complexes. These late-stage sinuous channel elements and their association with larger, longer-lived, and persistent (i.e., entrenched), deep-water slope-channel complexes are documented for the Main channel.
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Tor H. Nilsen, a red-haired Scandinavian who stood more than six feet tall, died October 9, 2005, at his San Carlos, California, home. This was after a valiant five-year fight with melanoma cancer. He was 63. His ashes were scattered at his family plot in Norway in 2006.
He was born in New York City on November 29, 1941, to Mollie Abrahamson and Nils Marius Nilsen of Mandal, Norway, and was the first of their children to be born in the United States. After graduating from Brooklyn Tech, he earned his B.S. in geology from City College of New York in 1962. While there, his prowess on the basketball court impressed a scout from the New York Knicks, but Tor went on to graduate school and earned his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in geology from the University of Wisconsin at Madison in 1964 and 1967, respectively. His M.S. thesis was a study of Precambrian metasedimentary deposits in the Lake Superior area, and his Ph.D. thesis was a study of Devonian alluvial-fan deposits of the Old Red Sandstone in western Norway.
Dr. Nilsen’s principal expertise was in depositional systems analysis, stratigraphic analysis, and the relationships among tectonics, eustasy, and sedimentation. He began his industry career in 1967 as a research geologist with the Shell Development Company in Houston, Texas, and Ventura, California, where he worked on the tectonics and sedimentation of Tertiary shelf systems of coastal California. He subsequently spent two years with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as the Military