More than 50 years ago, the discovery of the giant Groningen Gas Field in the subsurface of the Netherlands by NAM B.V. marked a turning point inthe Dutch and European energy market initiating the replacement of coal by gas. Despite the fact that the Rotliegend dryland deposits in the Southern Permian Basin are one of Europe's most important georesources, no sedimentological overview is available to date for the subsurface of the Netherlands. This SEPM Special Publication presents for the first time such a summary of the present-day knowledge, including a comprehensive core atlas from on- and offshore wells.