Phanerozoic Reef Patterns

Detecting patterns and processes of ecosystem evolution is among the main challenges of an integrated earth system science in the 21st century. The evolution of reefs reflects changes triggered by evolutionary innovations and variations in global and regional controls at different scales. The prime fossil record of Phanerozoic reefs offers the opportunity to trace these patterns through space and time. Phanerozoic Reef Patterns presents a comprehensive and up-to-date review on the history of reef building in the last 540 million years. A selection of internationally respected reef specialists presents a database on ancient reefs that is hardly available for any other ecosystem. The thoroughly documented patterns are analyzed with respect to global change, whose impact on living reefs is intensely discussed today. Phanerozoic Reef Patterns stands out from recent reviews on reef evolution by its careful qualitative and quantitative approach based on a comprehensive and multifaceted databank, by the strong focus on data, by a complete and unified coverage of the Phanerozoic from the Early Cambrian to the late Neogene, by emphasizing paleogeographic reef distributions presented on 32 newly developed color maps, and by a detailed index that makes the book a valuable research tool.
Patterns and Processes Influencing Upper Cretaceous Reefs
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Published:January 01, 2002
Abstract
Upper Cretaceous reefs were concentrated in low- to mid-latitude regions in the Northern Hemisphere between the Americas and the Arabian Peninsula. Rudist bivalves, scleractinian corals, sponges, stromatoporoids, and algae were the dominant biota. Most Late Cenomanian through Santonian reefs occurred in low paleolatitudes (0–30° N) and were dominated by rudist bivalves. North of 30°, reefs constructed of corals, stromatoporoids, and siliceous sponges outnumbered those of bivalves. Campanian through Maastrichtian reefs occurred between the equator and 30° N and were also dominated by bivalves, whereas corals and bryozoans dominated the northern occurrences.
The distribution of Upper Cretaceous reefs was analyzed...