Deformation, Fluid Flow, and Reservoir Appraisal in Foreland Fold and Thrust Belts

Several topics are covered including: *the use of hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions and apatite fission tracks as paleothermometers for reconstructing P-T evolution of subthrust reservoirs *the use of hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions and apatite fission tracks as paleothermometers for reconstructing P-T evolution of subthrust reservoirs *the coupling of kinematic and thermal modeling performed to trace the burial (P-T) evolution of potential source rocks and reservoirs in three cases studies in the southern Apennines, Colombia, and Pakistan *analytical results and integrated studies, which link deformation and fluid circulation in various fold and thrust belts, with the Sierra Madre in Mexico, the Central Brooks Range, the Arctic in Alaska, the Coastal belt in northern Spain, and the Ukraine featured. Links between deformation, fluid flow, diagenesis, and reservoir characteristics are discussed in depth and descriptions of petrographic techniques integrated with basin modeling are discussed in case studies for carbonate reservoirs in the Apennines, the Canadian Rockies, and the Polish Carpathians, and for sandstone reservoirs in Eastern Venezuela. Sixteen of the twenty-one chapters illustrate the influence of thrust-belt evolution on regional petroleum systems. The petroleum potential in the Tunisian Atlas and in Sicily, close to where the Hedberg Conference and post-conference field trip were held, is described. An older example is documented, for the Gaspé Appalachians, where multiphase Paleozoic deformation had a strong control on the burial history of potential source rocks, petroleum generation and migration, and oil charge of the traps. As the first in the brand-new Hedberg Series of publications, this volume is a comprehensive look at understanding petroleum systems in fold and thrust belts.
Two-dimensional Kinematic Modeling of the Southern Kirthar Fold Belt, Pakistan Available to Purchase
-
Published:January 01, 2004
-
CiteCitation
J. N. Fowler, R. Graham, J. D. Smewing, J. Warburton, W. Sassi, 2004. "Two-dimensional Kinematic Modeling of the Southern Kirthar Fold Belt, Pakistan", Deformation, Fluid Flow, and Reservoir Appraisal in Foreland Fold and Thrust Belts, Rudy Swennen, François Roure, James W. Granath
Download citation file:
- Share
Abstract
A study of the southern Kirthar fold belt in Pakistan was undertaken to elucidate the hinterland structure and hydrocarbon prospectivity. Interpretation of structure and stratigraphy is difficult because of suboptimal seismic data, a lack of hinterland well data, and a transition from shelfal to basinal stratigraphy. An interpretation of two cross sections was made using outcrop and seismic data and well data from foreland discoveries. The Institut Français du Pétrole Thrustpack® software was used to validate the structural model and provide data on the maturity of the source rock.
The Kirthar fold belt is dominated by open and symmetrical folds that are driven by inversion of basement-involved Jurassic extensional faults. Thrusts have been interpreted with two detachments, thrusts with a shallow detachment in the Eocene mudstones and thrusts with a deeper detachment in the Lower Cretaceous source rock interval that involve the reservoir during deformation.
The major mountain-building episode is interpreted as late Pliocene–Pleistocene, but there is evidence for earlier inversion dating from the late Paleocene associated with the emplacement of the Bela ophiolite and constrained by maturity data obtained from outcrop. Early inversion and uplift impacts the burial curve and, thus, the prospectivity of the area.
- Asia
- Cenozoic
- chronostratigraphy
- decollement
- fold belts
- geophysical methods
- Himalayas
- Indian Peninsula
- inversion tectonics
- Jurassic
- kinematics
- mapping
- Mesozoic
- natural gas
- Neogene
- Pakistan
- petroleum
- plate tectonics
- Pliocene
- seismic methods
- structural traps
- tectonics
- Tertiary
- traps
- two-dimensional models
- southern Pakistan
- Kirthar fold belt
- thrustpack models