Deformation, Fluid Flow, and Reservoir Appraisal in Foreland Fold and Thrust Belts

Several topics are covered including: *the use of hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions and apatite fission tracks as paleothermometers for reconstructing P-T evolution of subthrust reservoirs *the use of hydrocarbon-bearing fluid inclusions and apatite fission tracks as paleothermometers for reconstructing P-T evolution of subthrust reservoirs *the coupling of kinematic and thermal modeling performed to trace the burial (P-T) evolution of potential source rocks and reservoirs in three cases studies in the southern Apennines, Colombia, and Pakistan *analytical results and integrated studies, which link deformation and fluid circulation in various fold and thrust belts, with the Sierra Madre in Mexico, the Central Brooks Range, the Arctic in Alaska, the Coastal belt in northern Spain, and the Ukraine featured. Links between deformation, fluid flow, diagenesis, and reservoir characteristics are discussed in depth and descriptions of petrographic techniques integrated with basin modeling are discussed in case studies for carbonate reservoirs in the Apennines, the Canadian Rockies, and the Polish Carpathians, and for sandstone reservoirs in Eastern Venezuela. Sixteen of the twenty-one chapters illustrate the influence of thrust-belt evolution on regional petroleum systems. The petroleum potential in the Tunisian Atlas and in Sicily, close to where the Hedberg Conference and post-conference field trip were held, is described. An older example is documented, for the Gaspé Appalachians, where multiphase Paleozoic deformation had a strong control on the burial history of potential source rocks, petroleum generation and migration, and oil charge of the traps. As the first in the brand-new Hedberg Series of publications, this volume is a comprehensive look at understanding petroleum systems in fold and thrust belts.
Foreland Belt Thermal History Using Apatite Fission-track Thermochronology: Implications for Lewis Thrust and Flathead Fault in the Southern Canadian Cordilleran Petroleum Province
-
Published:January 01, 2004
-
CiteCitation
Kirk G. Osadetz, Barry P. Kohn, Shimon Feinstein, Raymond A. Price, 2004. "Foreland Belt Thermal History Using Apatite Fission-track Thermochronology: Implications for Lewis Thrust and Flathead Fault in the Southern Canadian Cordilleran Petroleum Province", Deformation, Fluid Flow, and Reservoir Appraisal in Foreland Fold and Thrust Belts, Rudy Swennen, François Roure, James W. Granath
Download citation file:
- Share
Abstract
Apatite fission-track (AFT) data from rocks above and below Lewis thrust fault lying in the footwall and hanging wall of Flathead normal fault record different thermal-history components, depending on individual structural and stratigraphic positions. Apatite fission-track temperature-history models (THMs) indicate that rapid cooling of the Lewis thrust sheet began at about 75 Ma. This cooling coincided with major displacement on the Lewis thrust. Subsequently, folding of the Lewis thrust sheet by underlying thrust duplex culminations formed the Akamina syncline, and a fossil AFT partial annealing zone was superimposed on the syncline. Apatite fission-track data from east of the Flathead graben record a subsequent cooling event during the middle Eocene onward that was coeval with extensional displacement on the Flathead fault and with accompanying uplift and erosion of its footwall. Apatite fission-track data from lower Oligocene sediments in the Flathead graben preserved the temperature history of the sediment source regions in the Lewis thrust sheet without significant subsequent annealing. A set of similar THMs that are consistent with the regional structural history can account for observed variations in AFT parameters at various levels, which are exposed in the Lewis thrust sheet and are penetrated below the thrust sheet by deep wells. From the onset of displacement on the Lewis thrust until the early Oligocene, paleogeothermal gradients in the thrust sheet (8.6–12°C/km) were lower than present values (~17°C/km). The changes in geothermal gradients are attributed to advective heat transfer by tectonically induced, topographically driven, deeply penetrating meteoric water flow. This is a complicated heat-transfer mechanism that can affect organic maturation history and petroleum systems in overthrust belts.
- basins
- Canada
- Canadian Cordillera
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Cretaceous
- fission-track dating
- fold and thrust belts
- foreland basins
- Lewis thrust fault
- Mesoproterozoic
- Mesozoic
- methods
- natural gas
- North America
- North American Cordillera
- paleotemperature
- petroleum
- petroleum accumulation
- Precambrian
- Proterozoic
- Rocky Mountains
- sampling
- structural traps
- thermal history
- thermochronology
- traps
- Upper Cretaceous
- upper Precambrian
- Western Canada
- Kishenehn Formation
- Flathead Fault